war and expansion in the united states
DESCRIPTION
War and Expansion in The United States. Chapter 26 Section 3. Manifest Destiny Abraham Lincoln Secede U.S. Civil War Emancipation Proclamation Segregation. Key Terms. 1800’s still a young nation Britain was still harassing its former colony - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
War and Expansion in The United StatesChapter 26Section 3
Key Terms
• Manifest Destiny• Abraham Lincoln• Secede• U.S. Civil War• Emancipation Proclamation• Segregation
A Young Nation
• 1800’s still a young nation
• Britain was still harassing its former colony
• Seized American sailors to use against Napoleon
• Britain helping Native Americans
A Young Nation
• Britain and United States fight War of 1812
• Fighting ends• No territory changes hands• Proved to be an
independent nation• Monroe Doctrine• Americas off limits to
European colonization
Texas and Mexico
• 1820 Moses Austin received permission from Spain to form settlements in Texas
• Mexico gains independence from Spain
• Imposes strict rules on settlers
• Settlers fight and receive independence for Republic of Texas
Texas and Mexico
• 1845 U.S. admits Texas as a state
• Mexico still claimed Texas• Mexican-American War
1846-1848• U.S. wins• Gains large territory in the
southwestern United States
The Move West
• 1850 westward expansion
• Claimed all territory to the Pacific Ocean• Louisiana Territory• Florida• Texas,• The Mexican cession• The Oregon Territory
The Move West
• Manifest Destiny-Americans thought they had a God-given right to settle all the way to the Pacific
• 1848 gold discovered in California
• National law gave 160 acres of free land
• Thousands packed up and headed west
Effects on Native Americans
• As people moved west conflicts developed
• Solution to push native Americans west
• 1830 Indian Removal Act-relocation of five Indian nations
Effects on Native Americans
• U.S. Army controlled• Cherokee• Choctaw• Seminole• Creek
• Were forced to move into Indian Territory
• Trial of Tears-1/4 of Cherokee died on this march
• Moved onto reservations
The Civil War
• Abolition- the end to slavery
• America decided which new states were free or slave states
• Southerners worried new states could shift congressional power and end slavery
The Civil War
• First half of 1800’s compromise balance of free and slave states
• 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act –decision of free or slave left to residents
• Abraham Lincoln- elected president
The Road to War
• South Carolina secedes from the Union
• Secede-a withdrawal from the Union
• Confederate States elect Jefferson Davis as president
• Confederate States draft a constitution
War Begins
• April 1861 Lincoln orders supplies to Fort Sumter South Carolina
• First shots of the Civil War• 500,000 die from battle or
disease• More than in any other
war
The Emancipation Proclamation
• January 1863 declared all slaves free in Confederate States
• Did not apply to already conquered by the Union
• Many southern slaves fled North
• Hurt southern economy• Union soldiers saw their
purpose to end slavery• Caused European powers to
withdraw from Confederacy
The Union Prevails
• 1863 Battle of Gettysburg-North defeats the South
• North now believes it can win the war
• Gettysburg Address delivered at a cemetery for soldiers killed in that battle
The Union Prevails
• War continues for a year and a half
• Union score several victories in the south
• Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox, Virginia, in April 1865
Effects of Civil War
• South lay in ruins• Final battles damaged• Railroads• Roads• bridges
• How would the government treat Confederate soldiers
Effects of Civil War
• How would slavery be resolved
• How would the South rebuild
• Reconstruction-era of rebuilding the South
• People had different ideas on how to solve problems
Effects of Civil War
• Government passed several important amendments to the Constitution
• Civil Rights Act- protected some rights of former slaves
• 14th Amendment granted citizenship
Effects of Civil War
• “Equal benefit of all laws and privileges for the security of person and property, as is enjoyed by white citizens”
• 15th Amendment-voting rights could not be denied because of race
Effects of Civil War
• Reconstruction did not achieve equal rights for former slaves
• Discriminatory laws still passed in the South
• Segregation-seperation of blacks and whites in the south
• Reconstruction provided a foundation for later civil rights movement during the 1900’s
Post War Economy
• During 1870’s 2000 immigrants a day arrive
• 1914 20 million people moved to the U.S.
• Industrialization needed a large amount of labor
Railroads
• 1862 Congress authorizes the Trans-Continental Railroad
• 1869 California and Eastern U.S. linked
• 1900 200,000 miles of railroad tracks
• Carried• Corn, wheat, cattle, coal, iron
ore to processing plants• U.S. becomes a world leader