wasp removal service 0423688352 sydney
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Yellow
jack ground wasp paper wasp
(umbrella wasp)
Common paper wasps are social insects, who build nests of grey papery material around
the home often under eaves, pergolas or in vegetation.
Description
Polistes humilis or common paper wasps are generally slender with long thin wings.
They are 10-15 millimetres long, tan in colour with darker bands and some yellow on the
face.
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Other species of paper wasps are larger or smaller and differently coloured.
Paper wasps make nests of grey papery wood fibre material.
The nests are cone-shaped, becoming round as more cells are added.
Nests are a maximum diameter of 10-12 centimetres, with numerous hexagonal cellsunderneath, some with white caps.
Nests are exposed and suspended by a short stalk under an overhang, often on a pergola,
the eaves of a roof or in a shrub or tree.
Wasps cluster on the nest or forage in the garden and around buildings.
Paper wasps are found across mainland southern Australia including:
southern Queensland New South Wales
the Australian Capital Territory
Victoria
South Australia
southern Western Australia.
Life history
Paper wasps are a social wasp consisting of small colonies of 12-20 individuals.
Adult wasps feed on nectar and make paper nests by mixing saliva and wood fibres.
Nests are a nursery where larvae are kept one to each cell.
The larvae are fed on chewed-up caterpillars caught by the adults.
The cells are then capped and the larvae pupate. Most paper wasps die in autumn or winter,
while some hibernate to start new nests next season.
Pest status and management
Paperwasps have some beneficial value as predators of pest caterpillars, however theyhave a painful sting and will attack any person approaching or disturbing their nest.
Nests likely to be disturbed represent a hazard and should be avoided during the day.
Ignore nests where they are high or otherwise out of the way.
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Nests in high traffic areas such as doorways, pergolas or carports can be sprayed from the
side at night with a registered aerosol wasp insecticide.
Repeat spray two nights afterwards then remove and destroy the nest. Use a red light (forexample, red cellophane over a torch lens) if light is needed when spraying at night.
In the event of a sting apply a cold pack.
Seek medical attention if the victim is known to be allergic or if symptoms become more
severe.
Entomology is not currently researchingpaper wasps.
The term wasp is typically defined as any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborderApocrita that is neither a bee nor ant[1]. Almost every pest insect species has at least one
wasp species that preys upon it or parasitizes it, making wasps critically important in
natural control of their numbers, or natural biocontrol. Parasitic wasps are increasinglyused in agricultural pest control as they prey mostly on pest insects and have little impact
on crops.
Taxonomy
Wasp stinger, with droplet of venom
The majority ofwasp species (well over 100,000 species) are "parasitic" (technicallyknown as parasitoids), and the ovipositor is used simply to lay eggs, often directly into the
body of the host. The most familiar wasps belong to Aculeata, a division of Apocrita,
whose ovipositors are adapted into a venomous sting, though a great many aculeate species
do not sting. Aculeata also contains ants and bees, and many wasps are commonlymistaken for bees, and vice-versa. In a similar respect, insects called "velvet ants" (the
family Mutillidae) are technically wasps.
The suborder Symphyta, known commonly as sawflies, differ from members of Apocrita
by lacking a sting, and having a broader connection between the mesosoma and metasoma.
In addition to this, Symphyta larvae are mostly herbivorous and "caterpillarlike", whereasthose of Apocrita are largely predatory or parasitoids.
A much narrower and simpler but popular definition of the term wasp is any member of theaculeate family Vespidae, which includes (among others) the genera known in North
America as yellowjackets (Vespula and Dolichovespula) and hornets (Vespa); in many
countries outside of the Western Hemisphere, the vernacular usage of wasp is even furtherrestricted to apply strictly to yellowjackets (e.g., the "common wasp").
Categorization
The various species of wasps fall into one of two main categories: solitary wasps and social
wasps. Adult solitary wasps generally live and operate alone, and most do not construct
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nests (below); all adult solitary wasps are fertile. By contrast, social wasps exist in colonies
numbering up to several thousand strong and build nestsbut in some cases not all of the
colony can reproduce. In the more advanced species, just the wasp queen and male waspscan mate, whilst the majority of the colony is made up of sterile female workers.
The following characteristics are present in most wasps:
Characteristics* Two pairs of wings (except wingless or brachypterous forms in all female Mutillidae,
Bradynobaenidae, many male Agaonidae, many female Ichneumonidae, Braconidae,
Tiphiidae, Scelionidae, Rhopalosomatidae, Eupelmidae, and various other families).* An ovipositor, or stinger (which is only present in females because it derives from the
ovipositor, a female sex organ).
* Few or no thickened hairs (in contrast to bees); except Mutillidae, Bradynobaenidae,
Scoliidae.
* Nearly all wasps are terrestrial; only a few specialized parasitic groups are aquatic.* Predators or parasitoids, mostly on other terrestrial insects; most species of Pompilidae
(e.g. tarantula hawks), specialize in using spiders as prey, and various parasitic wasps usespiders or other arachnids as reproductive hosts.
Wasps are critically important in natural biocontrol. Almost every pest insect species has atleast one wasp species that is a predator or parasite upon it. Parasitic wasps are also
increasingly used in agricultural pest control. Wasps also constitute an important part of the
food chain.
Anatomy and gender
Anatomically, there is a great deal of variation between different types of wasp. Like all
insects, wasps have a hard exoskeleton covering their three main body parts. These parts
are known as the head, metasoma and mesosoma. Wasps also have a constricted region
joining the first and second segments of the abdomen (the first segment is part of themesosoma, the second is part of the metasoma) known as the petiole. Like all insects,
wasps have three sets of two legs. In addition to their compound eyes, wasps also have
several simple eyes known as ocelli. These are typically arranged in a triangular formationjust forward of an area of the head known as the vertex.
It is possible to distinguish between certain wasp species genders based on the number of
divisions on their antennae. Male Yellowjacket wasps for example have 13 divisions perantenna, while females have 12. Males can in some cases be differentiated from females by
virtue of the fact that the upper region of the male's mesosoma (called the tergum) consists
of an additional terga. The total number of terga is typically six. The difference betweensterile female worker wasps and queens also varies between species but generally the
queen is noticeably larger than both males and other females.
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Wasps can be differentiated from bees, which have a flattened hind basitarsus. Unlike bees,
wasps generally lack plumose hairs. They vary in the number and size of hairs they have
between species.
Generally wasps are parasites or parasitoids as larvae, and feed only on nectar as adults.
Many wasps are predatory, using other insects (often paralyzed) as food for their larvae. Afew social wasps are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of fallen fruit, nectar, and carrion.
Some of these social wasps, such as yellowjackets, may scavenge for dead insects to
provide for their young. In many social species the larvae provide sweet secretions that arefed to the adults.
In parasitic species, the first meals are almost always provided by the animal that the adult
wasp used as a host for its young. Adult male wasps sometimes visit flowers to obtainnectar to feed on in much the same manner as honey bees. Occasionally, some species,
such as yellowjackets, invade honey bee nests and steal honey and/or brood.[citation
needed]
With most species, adult parasitic wasps themselves do not take any nutrients from theirprey, and, much like bees, butterflies, and moths, those that do feed as adults typically
derive all of their nutrition from nectar. Parasitic wasps are typically parasitoids, and
extremely diverse in habits, many laying their eggs in inert stages of their host (egg orpupa), or sometimes paralyzing their prey by injecting it with venom through their
ovipositor. They then insert one or more eggs into the host or deposit them upon the host
externally. The host remains alive until the parasitoid larvae are mature, usually dying
either when the parasitoids pupate, or when they emerge as adults.
The type of nest produced by wasps can depend on the species and location. Many social
wasps produce paper pulp nests on trees, in attics, holes in the ground or other suchsheltered areas with access to the outdoors. By contrast solitary wasps are generally
parasitic or predatory and only the latter build nests at all. Unlike honey bees, wasps have
no wax producing glands. Many instead create a paper-like substance primarily from woodpulp. Wood fibers are gathered locally from weathered wood, softened by chewing and
mixing with saliva. The pulp is then used to make combs with cells for brood rearing. More
commonly, nests are simply burrows excavated in a substrate (usually the soil, but also
plant stems), or, if constructed, they are constructed from mud.
Solitary wasps
The nesting habits of solitary wasps are more diverse than those of social wasps. Mud
daubers and pollen wasps construct mud cells in sheltered places typically on the side of
walls. Potter wasps similarly build vase-like nests from mud, often with multiple cells,attached to the twigs of trees or against walls. Most other predatory wasps burrow into soil
or into plant stems, and a few do not build nests at all and prefer naturally occurring
cavities, such as small holes in wood. A single egg is laid in each cell, which is sealed
thereafter, so there is no interaction between the larvae and the adults, unlike in social
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wasps. In some species, male eggs are selectively placed on smaller prey, leading to males
being generally smaller than females.
Social wasps
The nests of some social wasps, such as hornets, are first constructed by the queen and
reach about the size of a walnut before sterile female workers take over construction. Thequeen initially starts the nest by making a single layer or canopy and working outwards
until she reaches the edges of the cavity. Beneath the canopy she constructs a stalk to
which she can attach several cells; these cells are where the first eggs will be laid. Thequeen then continues to work outwards to the edges of the cavity after which she adds
another tier. This process is repeated, each time adding a new tier until eventually enough
female workers have been born and matured to take over construction of the nest leaving
the queen to focus on reproduction. For this reason, the size of a nest is generally a goodindicator of approximately how many female workers there are in the colony. Social wasp
colonies often have populations exceeding several thousand female workers and at least
one queen. Polistes and some related types of paper wasp do not construct their nests in
tiers but rather in flat single combs.
Wasps do not reproduce via mating flights like bees. Instead social wasps reproducebetween a fertile queen and male wasp; in some cases queens may be fertilized by the
sperm of several males. After successfully mating, the male's sperm cells are stored in a
tightly packed ball inside the queen. The sperm cells are kept stored in a dormant state untilthey are needed the following spring. At a certain time of the year (often around autumn),
the bulk of the wasp colony dies away, leaving only the young mated queens alive. During
this time they leave the nest and find a suitable area to hibernate for the winter.
First stage
After emerging from hibernation during early summer, the young queens search for a
suitable nesting site. Upon finding an area for their colony, the queen constructs a basicwood fiber nest roughly the size of a walnut into which she will begin to lay eggs.
Second stage
The sperm that was stored earlier and kept dormant over winter is now used to fertilize the
eggs being laid. The storage of sperm inside the female queen allows her to lay a
considerable number of fertilized eggs without the need for repeated mating with a male
wasp. For this reason a single female queen is capable of building an entire colony fromonly herself. The queen initially raises the first several sets of wasp eggs until enough
sterile female workers exist to maintain the offspring without her assistance. All of the eggs
produced at this time are sterile female workers who will begin to construct a moreelaborate nest around their queen as they grow in number.
Third stage
European paper wasp (Polistes dominula) with a regurgitated droplet of water
By this time the nest size has expanded considerably and now numbers between several
hundred and several thousand wasps. Towards the end of the summer, the queen begins to
run out of stored sperm to fertilize more eggs. These eggs develop into fertile males and
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fertile female queens. The male drones then fly out of the nest and find a mate thus
perpetuating the wasp reproductive cycle. In most species of social wasp the young queens
mate in the vicinity of their home nest and do not travel like their male counterparts do.The young queens will then leave the colony to hibernate for the winter once the other
worker wasps and founder queen have started to die off. After successfully mating with a
young queen, the male drones die off as well. Generally, young queens and drones from thesame nest do not mate with each other; this ensures more genetic variation within wasp
populations, especially considering that all members of the colony are theoretically the
direct genetic descendants of the founder queen and a single male drone. In practice,however, colonies can sometimes consist of the offspring of several male drones. Wasp
queens generally (but not always) create new nests each year, probably because the weak
construction of most nests render them uninhabitable after the winter.
Unlike honey bee queens, wasp queens typically live for only one year. Also queen wasps
do not organize their colony or have any raised status and hierarchical power within the
social structure. They are more simply the reproductive element of the colony and the
initial builder of the nest in those species which construct nests.Social wasp caste structure
A wasp gathering wood fibers
Not all social wasps have castes that are physically different in size and structure. In many
polistine paper wasps and stenogastrines, for example, the castes of females are determinedbehaviorally, through dominance interactions, rather than having caste predetermined. All
female wasps are potentially capable of becoming a colony's queen and this process is often
determined by which female successfully lays eggs first and begins construction of the
nest. Evidence suggests that females compete amongst each other by eating the eggs ofother rival females. The queen may, in some cases, simply be the female that can eat the
largest volume of eggs while ensuring that her own eggs survive (often achieved by laying
the most). This process theoretically determines the strongest and most reproductivelycapable female and selects her as the queen. Once the first eggs have hatched, the
subordinate females stop laying eggs and instead forage for the new queen and feed the
young; that is, the competition largely ends, with the losers becoming workers, though ifthe dominant female dies, a new hierarchy may be established with a former "worker"
acting as the replacement queen. Polistine nests are considerably smaller than many other
social wasp nests, typically housing only around 250 wasps, compared to the several
thousand common with yellowjackets, and stenogastrines have the smallest colonies of all,rarely with more than a dozen wasps in a mature colony.
Common families
* Agaonidae fig wasps
* Chalcididae
* Chrysididae cuckoo wasps* Crabronidae sand wasps and relatives, e.g. the Cicada killer wasp
* Cynipidae gall wasps
* Encyrtidae
* Eulophidae
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* Eupelmidae
* Ichneumonidae, and Braconidae
* Mutillidae velvet ants* Mymaridae fairyflies
* Pompilidae spider wasps
* Pteromalidae* Scelionidae
* Scoliidae scoliid wasps
* Sphecidae digger wasps* Tiphiidae flower wasps
* Torymidae
* Trichogrammatidae
* Vespidae yellowjackets, hornets, paper wasps (umbrella), potter wasps, pollen wasps
Wasps - Hymenoptera
Wasps are a diverse group of insects. In Australia alone there are over 12,000 species,
ranging from the tiny diapriid wasps, which are barely visible to the naked eye, to thespider and cicada-killer wasps, capable of taking large prey. Most wasps have carnivorous
larvae that feed on other insects and spiders. The adults provide food for them by capturing
prey or by laying the egg on or near the food source, which might be an egg, larva or pupaof another insect.
Features of wasps:
* The egg-laying structures (ovipositors) in some wasps are modified into stingers.
* Adults generally feed on nectar and can pollinate flowers in the process.
* Some are hyper-parasites, which use other parasitic wasps' larvae or hosts to feed theiryoung.
* Many wasps can act as biological control agents on crop pests.
* Most native species are solitary, but a few, such as the paper wasps, form colonies.
* Fig wasps
Some native Australian fig trees need fig wasps for successful pollination and thewasps rely on the tree to complete their lifecycle. This relationship has evolved to the point
where the tree and the wasp are completely dependent on each other.
* Mud-dauber Wasp
The Mud-dauber Wasp is one of the more commonly encountered wasps in Sydney.
* European Wasp
The European Wasp was first found in Australia in 1959 in Tasmania. By 1978 they
were also known in Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia,
and are now firmly established in the Sydney area.
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* Sand wasps
The sand wasps are closely related to the Mud-dauber Wasp but, unlike their cousins,sand wasps nest in the ground.
* Braconid wasps
Braconid wasps are a large family of wasps with over 800 Australian species. They are
closely related to the ichneumonid wasps and parasitise the larvae of many insect groups in
a similar way.* Cuckoo wasps
The cuckoo wasps are a group of 76 species that mostly parasitise other wasps. Like a
cuckoo bird that manages to get another species to raise its chick, these wasps use another'snest for their own young.
* Wasps: Suborder Apocrita
Wasps are a diverse group of insects. In Australia alone there are over 12,000 species,ranging from the tiny diapriid wasps, which are barely visible to the naked eye, to the
spider wasps and cicada-killer wasps, capable of taking large prey. Most wasps havecarnivorous larvae that feed on other insects and spiders. The adults provide food for them
by capturing prey or by laying the egg on or near the food source, which might be an egg,
larva or pupa of another insect.* Cuckoo wasp
* Diapriid wasps
If you see a very small fly that, on closer inspection, resembles an ant, it may be a
diapriid wasp.
* Hatchet wasps
The hatchet or flag wasps are a small family of wasps with around 40 species.
* Spider wasps
Spider wasps (family Pompilidae) are solitary wasps. They prey on spiders to feed their
larvae or they parasitise other spider wasps. They do not form colonies to defend nests andare not aggressive.
* Potter waspsThe potter wasps are closely related to the paper wasps. However, potter wasps do not
form colonies.
* Wasp parasitising a maggot
* Parasitic Wasp from family Pteromalidae
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* Flower wasps
Flower wasps are large, often metallic, solitary wasps, with species in the Families
Scoliidae, Tiphiidae and Mutillidae.
Ichneumonid wasps
The family Ichneumonidae is one of the largest groups within the hymenopterans(wasps, bees, ants and sawflies), with around 2,000 Australian species.
* Paper wasps
Native paper wasps are smaller than European Wasps, and lack their vivid yellowmarkings. They tend to only be aggressive when defending their nests, and are otherwise
beneficial insects to have around the garden.
Paper wasps
Identification
Paper wasps have a small head, with medium sized eyes and medium length antennae. The
body is slender, with a very narrow waist. There are two pairs of brown-tinted wings, withthe first pair larger. The abdomen has some yellow/orange bands, but is mainly black.
Recently, the introduced Asian Paper Wasp (Polistes chinensis) has been reported from
several inner city suburbs of Sydney. This closely related species is larger than the nativePolistes and tends to have more distinctive yellow and brown bands.
Size range
2.2 cmDistribution
Paper wasps are found throughout Australia.
HabitatPaper wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, and heath.
Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
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The adult paper wasps catch caterpillars to feed the larvae, but the adults themselves feed
on nectar.
Other behaviours and adaptationsThe nest of the paper wasp is a series of cells shaped like an inverted cone made from
saliva mixed with wood fragments. When it dries the mixture is quite paper-like, and gives
these wasps their name.
Life cycle
Paper wasps form small colonies, and make paper nests under tree branches and the eavesof houses. The nests are shaped like inverted cones, and consist of a cluster of hexagonal
cells made from wood fibre mixed with saliva. The wasp larvae are maggot-like and
develop inside the papery cells of the nest.
Living with usDanger to humans and first aid
Paper wasps can deliver painful stings, but are not as aggressive as European Wasps. They
normally only attack humans if their nest is disturbed. If stings are multiple, a more severe
systemic reaction may occur.In some individuals, wasp, bee and ant stings can cause an allergic reaction (anaphylaxis),
but this is relatively uncommon. Effective treatment is available, which involves knownbee/ant/wasp sting allergy sufferers carrying a special kit when outdoors. Immunotherapy
or desensitisation therapy is also available, and can reduce the severity of the allergy.
Seven deaths over a twenty-year period attributed to wasp stings have been recorded inAustralia, mainly among known allergy sufferers who were not carrying their preventative
medicine with them.
A cold pack may be used to relieve the pain of the sting. If there is evidence of a more
severe reaction or the sting victim is known to be allergic to wasp and bee venom, medicalattention should be sought immediately.
Classification
Genus:Polistes
Subfamily:
PolistinaeFamily:
Vespidae
Superfamily:
VespoideaSuborder:
Apocrita
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
Arthopoda
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Kingdom:
Animalia
Ichneumonid wasps
Identification
Ichneumonid wasps have long antennae with 16 or more segments, whereas most other
wasps have 13 or less. Some female ichneumonid wasps have a very long ovipositor (a
tube-like structure for laying eggs) which is used to reach insect larvae such as wood grubs
which burrow in bark and wood. This is a modification of the sting that is present in otherwasps, so most ichneumonid wasps cannot sting humans, with the exception of the larger
orange species in the subfamily Ophioninae. Wasps in the family Ichneumonidae are
superficially similar to the related family Braconidae, but ichneumonids are usually largerinsects, and differ in details such as the pattern of wing veins and the structure of the
abdomen.
Size range
2.5 cmSimilar Species
parasitic wasps in the family BraconidaeDistribution
Ichneumonid wasps are found throughout Australia.
Habitat
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Ichneumonid wasps live in urban areas, woodlands and forests, wetlands.
Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Dietnull
Other behaviours and adaptations
nullCommunication
null
Life cyclenull
Predators, Parasites and Diseases
null
Evolutionary Relationshipsnull
Living with us
Economic/social impacts
nullManagement
nullDanger to humans and first aid
null
Classification
Family:
Ichneumonidae
Superfamily:Ichneumonoidea
Suborder:
ApocritaOrder:
Hymenoptera
Class:Insecta
Subphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
Flower wasps
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Identification
Flower wasps are large solitary wasps, often with bright colours or a metallic appearance.
Adult wasps are nectar feeders. They are often seen moving between flowers in mid- to late
summer and they play an important role in pollinating native plants.Size range
2.5 cm - 3.0 cm
Distribution
Flower wasps are found throughout Australia.
Habitat
Flower wasps are often seen in urban gardens, as well as living in forests, woodlands and
heath.
Behaviour and adaptationsFeeding and Diet
Female flower wasps dig through the soil to reach beetle larvae and other soil insects.When a grub is located, the wasp lays an egg on it, and the developing wasp larva then eats
it. Adult wasps feed on nectar.
Other behaviours and adaptations
The body of female flower wasps is adapted for digging.
Life cycle
Many species of flower wasps have wingless females (for example, the Blue Ant). In these
species, mating occurs on the wing, with the male wasps carrying the female wasps. Some
males actively feed the wingless females or carry them to food plants.Living with us
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Danger to humans and first aid
Female flower wasps are capable of stinging if disturbed. As they are solitary insects,flower wasps do not pose the same level of threat to humans as social species of bees, ants
or wasps do. However, unlike bees, wasps can sting more than once, and do not die after
stinging. The sting causes a burning pain and swelling. If stings are multiple, a more severesystemic reaction may occur.
In some individuals, wasp, bee and ant stings can cause an allergic reaction (anaphylaxis),but this is relatively uncommon. Effective treatment is available, which involves known
bee/ant/wasp sting allergy sufferers carrying a special kit when outdoors. Immunotherapy
or desensitisation is also available, and can reduce the severity of the allergy.
A cold pack may be used to relieve the pain of the sting. If there is evidence of a more
severe reaction or the sting victim is known to be allergic to wasp and bee venom, medical
attention should be sought immediately.
Classification
Superfamily:Vespoidea
Suborder:
ApocritaOrder:
Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
The potter wasp
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The potter wasps are closely related to the paper wasps. However, potter wasps do not form
colonies.Size range
1.5 cm
Distribution
Potter wasps are found throughout Australia.
Habitat
Potter wasps live in woodlands, heath and urban areas.
Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
Potter wasps are solitary, and feed on flower nectar and hunt caterpillars to feed their
larvae.
Life cycle
Potter wasps make mud nests for their eggs and larvae or use abandoned burrows of otherinsects. They stock the nests with caterpillars and other grubs, which they seal in with mud.
These are eaten alive by the wasp larvae.
Living with usDanger to humans and first aid
Potter wasps have the potential to deliver painful stings, but are not aggressive and rarely
attack humans. An ice pack may be used to relieve the pain of the sting. If there is evidenceof an allergic reaction, medical attention should be sought.
Classification
Genus:
Paralastor
Subfamily:Eumeninae
Family:
Vespidae
Superfamily:Vespoidea
Suborder:
ApocritaOrder:
Hymenoptera
Class:Insecta
Subphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
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Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
Spider wasps
Spider wasps (family Pompilidae) are solitary wasps. They prey on spiders to feed their
larvae or they parasitise other spider wasps. They do not form colonies to defend nests and
are not aggressive.Identification
Spider wasps are active in gardens during summer months. The spider wasp most
commonly encountered is Cryptocheilus bicolor. This is a very large black wasp withorange wings and legs and a broad orange band around its abdomen. It holds its wings up
when resting but flicks them when it hops and runs about on its long legs.
Size range5 mm - 35 mm long
Distribution
Spider wasps are found throughout Australia.Habitat
Spider wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, wetlands, heath.Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
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Spider wasps are often seen digging in soft sandy soil, dragging huntsman spiders along.
Some species are known to bite off the legs of large hairy spiders, trimming them to make
them easier to handle. Others have scales that help them walk on spiders' webs, allowingthem to sneak up and attack the owner.
Other behaviours and adaptations
Spider wasps have a habit of flicking their wings on landing and moving with a jumping
motion. The wasp does this when searching for a spider in bark, cracks, crevices or soil.
Life cycle
The spider wasps you are most likely to see and hear are female wasps preparing nest
chambers for their larvae. They dig a burrow using long spines on their front legs, then
search rapidly around tree trunks and on the ground for a spider. On finding the spider,which may be as large as a huntsman or funnel-web and twice as heavy as itself, the wasp
stings and paralyses it, and then drags or flies it back to the burrow. She then lays an egg
on the spider's body, and seals it in a chamber or cell at the end of the burrow. The larva
hatches and feeds on the body of the spider before pupating in a thin silky cocoon in thecell.
Some spider wasps sting the spider and lay an egg on it but do not dig a burrow to put it in.
The spider is left where it was stung and the larva hatches and eats the spider. A small
number of Spider Wasps steal spiders from other Spider Wasps for their own larva. Thisbehaviour is known as klepto-parasitism (klepto: Ancient Greek for 'theft').
Living with us
Danger to humans and first aid
Spider wasps have a potentially painful sting. However they are not aggressive and are
unlikely to use their venom on humans unless extremely provoked. The best advice is to
leave them alone. An ice pack may be used to relieve the pain of the sting. If there isevidence of an allergic reaction, medical attention should be sought.
Classification
Family:
Pompilidae
Superfamily:
VespoideaSuborder:
Apocrita
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
Arthopoda
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Kingdom:
Animalia
The hatchet or flag wasps
The hatchet or flag wasps are a small family of wasps with around 40 species.
Alternative Name/sFlag wasps
Number of species
40
Identification
Hatchet wasps have a long thin waist and a flat abdomen that moves up and down as they
walk, resembling a flag or hatchet.Size range
1.5 cm
Distribution
Hatchet wasps are found throughout Australia.
Habitat
Hatchet wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, arid areas and grasslands.
Behaviour and adaptations
Life cycle
Hatchet wasps parasitise the egg cases of cockroaches. The female wasp searches for
recently laid cockroach eggs on which to lay her own. The wasp larvae hatch first and eatthe cockroach eggs, eventually pupating to become fully developed adults.
One introduced species of hatchet wasp, Evania appendigaster, is common in Sydney and
is extremely welcome because it parasitises the American Cockroach (Periplanetaamericana), an introduced pest. Having eaten their fill, the larvae pupate into fully
developed adults.
Classification
Family:
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Evaniidae
Superfamily:
EvanioideaSuborder:
Apocrita
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
ArthopodaKingdom:
Animalia
Diapriid wasps
If you see a very small fly that, on closer inspection, resembles an ant, it may be a diapriid
wasp.
Identification
Diapriid wasps are common in gardens but can be tiny - the largest are no more than 6 mm
long and the smallest only 1 mm long.Size range
1 mm - 6 mmDistribution
Diapriid wasps are found throughout Australia.
Habitat
Diapriid wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, and wetlands.
Behaviour and adaptations
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Life cycle
Diapriid wasp specialise in parasitising fly pupae and prepupae. Most spend very little timeflying as their hosts are usually somewhere on the ground. Some have very reduced wings
or none at all and can be mistaken for ants.
Classification
Family:
DiapriidaeSuperfamily:
Proctotrupoidea
Suborder:
ApocritaOrder:
Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
UniramiaPhylum:
Arthopoda
Kingdom:Animalia
Wasps Suborder Apocrita
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Wasps are a diverse group of insects. In Australia alone there are over 12,000 species,
ranging from the tiny diapriid wasps, which are barely visible to the naked eye, to the
spider wasps and cicada-killer wasps, capable of taking large prey. Most wasps havecarnivorous larvae that feed on other insects and spiders. The adults provide food for them
by capturing prey or by laying the egg on or near the food source, which might be an egg,
larva or pupa of another insect.
Features of wasps:
* The egg-laying structures (ovipositors) in some wasps are modified into stingers.
* Adults generally feed on nectar and can pollinate flowers in the process.
* Some are hyper-parasites, which use other parasitic wasps' larvae or hosts to feed their
young.* Many wasps can act as biological control agents on crop pests.
* Most native species are solitary, but a few, such as the paper wasps, form colonies.
The cuckoo wasps
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The cuckoo wasps are a group of 76 species that mostly parasitise other wasps. Like a
cuckoo bird that manages to get another species to raise its chick, these wasps use another's
nest for their own young.Number of species
76
Identification
Cuckoo wasps are usually a shiny green colour.
Size range1.2 cm
Distribution
Cuckoo wasps are found in central and eastern New South Wales.Habitat
Cuckoo wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, and heath.
Behaviour and adaptationsFeeding and Diet
Cuckoo wasps can be seen hovering in gardens where they feed on flower nectar and
search for wasp nests.
Life cycle
On finding the eggs or the nest containing eggs of a suitable species, such as the Mud-
dauber Wasp, the female cuckoo wasp lays an egg next to the egg of the host species. The
cuckoo wasp's egg hatches first and the larva eats the food that is stored for the Mud-dauber's young. The larvae of some cuckoo wasp species wait for the host larvae to hatch
and have their meal, before attacking and eating them. If the female cuckoo wasp is
discovered invading the Mud-dauber's nest, she rolls into a ball and uses special armourplates on her body to protect her.
Classification
Family:
Chrysididae
Superfamily:
ChrysidoideaSuborder:
Apocrita
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
Arthopoda
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Kingdom:
Animalia
Braconid wasps
Braconid wasps are a large family of wasps with over 800 Australian species. They areclosely related to the ichneumonid wasps and parasitise the larvae of many insect groups in
a similar way.Size range
2 cm
Distribution
Braconid wasps are found throughout Australia.
Habitat
Braconid wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, wetlands.
Behaviour and adaptationsFeeding and Diet
Braconid wasps can be seen around Sydney woodlands searching for beetle larvae in logs
and the trunks of fallen trees.Life cycle
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Braconid wasps use the egg and adult stages of other insects as hosts for their young. On
finding a suitable host, eggs are laid on or in the victim, providing the wasp larvae with a
meal when they hatch.Living with us
Economic/social impacts
Some braconid wasps play an important role in controlling pest species of insects such as
aphids.
Classification
Genus:
Callibracon
Subfamily:Braconinae
Family:
Braconidae
Superfamily:Ichneumonoidea
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
ArthopodaKingdom:
Animalia
The sand wasps
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The sand wasps are closely related to the Mud-dauber Wasp but, unlike their cousins, sand
wasps nest in the ground.
Size range
2 cmDistribution
Sand wasps are found throughout Australia.Habitat
Sand wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands, and heath.Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
Adult sand wasps feed on nectar but most hunt for flies to feed to the larvae in the nest.
They are excellent hunters, capturing flies on the wing, paralysing them with venom in
mid-air and carrying them back to the waiting larvae.
Other behaviours and adaptations
Although sand wasps may nest in a group, they do not share labour like true social insects
unless the nest needs defending, in which case they may attack as a swarm.Living with us
Danger to humans and first aid
Sand wasps can deliver painful stings, but are not as aggressive as the European Wasp.
They normally only attack humans if their nest is disturbed. An ice pack may be used to
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relieve the pain of the sting. If there is evidence of an allergic reaction, medical attention
should be sought.
Classification
Genus:
BembixFamily:
Sphecidae
Superfamily:Sphecoidea
Suborder:
Apocrita
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
Insecta
Subphylum:Uniramia
Phylum:Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
The European Wasp
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The European Wasp was first found in Australia in 1959 in Tasmania. By 1978 they were
also known in Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia, and arenow firmly established in the Sydney area.
Identification
European Wasps are a stout wasp with a bright yellow and black banded abdomen, and a
pair of black spots on each yellow band. They have two pairs of clear wings with the first
pair larger. They have black antennae and fly with their legs held close to the body.Size range
1.2 cm - 1.6 cmDistribution
The European Wasp is a native of Europe, North Africa and Asia Minor. In Australia, the
first European Wasps were found in Tasmania in 1959. By 1978 they had also been found
in Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia. They are now firmlyestablished in metropolitan Sydney, and are also found in Bowral/Moss Vale, the Blue
Mountains, Narrandera, Deniliquin, Albury, Wagga, Coleambally, Griffith, Dareton, Junee,
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Forbes, Coonabarabran, Orange, Bathurst and West Wyalong. European Wasps are also
present in New Zealand.
Habitat
European Wasps are found in large communal nests, normally only visible as a small
entrance hole. They are normally built either underground or in cavities in walls, ceilings,logs or trees. The nests are made from chewed wood fibre.
Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
Workers of the European Wasp leave the nest in search of food, and are attracted to meats,
sweet food and drink.
Other behaviours and adaptations
European Wasps' nests, which are made out of chewed wood fibre, can be found in
ceilings, wall cavities, logs, tree trunks and soil.
Life cycle
European Wasp colonies are started in spring by a single fertilised queen, which lays anegg in a number of cells in the nest. These hatch into grub-like larvae and are tended by the
queen for a number of weeks. They become the first batch of workers that take over nest
construction and rearing of the larvae while the queen concentrates on laying eggs. Thenest grows throughout the summer until a batch of males and new queens are hatched in the
autumn. These mate and fly off to start new nests. In Europe the nest then disintegrates, but
in Australia's warm climate the nest can continue to grow over a number of seasons. This
results in giant and potentially dangerous nests of over 100,000 wasps.Mating and reproduction
Towards the end of summer, several larger cells are constructed, in which a new generationof queens develop. Males also develop, and mate with the queens outside the nest before
they die.
In late autumn the original queen dies, and the new queens disperse to find suitable over-
wintering sites before forming a new nest in spring. In Europe the old nest then
disintegrates and the dispersed queens hibernate in sheltered spots beneath loose tree bark
or in roofs. A hibernating queen holds on to the substrate with her jaws, and tucks her legs,wings and antennae beneath her, remaining immobile for up to six months. However it is
significant that in the warmer climate of Australia, one of the new queens may stay in the
nest and begin laying eggs, without the usual over-wintering period being observed. Overseveral seasons, this can result in giant nests containing more than 100,000 wasps.
Living with us
Danger to humans and first aid
European Wasps are more aggressive than bees and will attack when their nests are
disturbed. Unlike bees, wasps can sting more than once, and do not die after stinging. The
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sting causes a burning pain and swelling. If stings are multiple, a more severe systemic
reaction may occur.
In some individuals, wasp, bee and ant stings can cause an allergic reaction (anaphylaxis),
but this is relatively uncommon. Effective treatment is available, which involves known
bee/ant/wasp sting allergy sufferers carrying a special kit when outdoors. Immunotherapyor desensitisation is also available, and can reduce the severity of the allergy. Seven deaths
over a twenty-year period attributed to wasp stings have been recorded in Australia, mainly
amongst known allergy sufferers who were not carrying their preventative medicine withthem.
A cold pack may be used to relieve the pain of the sting. If there is evidence of a more
severe reaction or the sting victim is known to be allergic to wasp and bee venom, medicalattention should be sought immediately.
Classification
Species:
germanica
Genus:
Vespula
Subfamily:
Vespinae
Family:
Vespidae
Superfamily:
Vespoidea
Suborder:
Apocrita
Order:
Hymenoptera
Class:
Insecta
Subphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:
Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
The Mud-dauber Wasp
The Mud-dauber Wasp is one of the more commonly encountered wasps in Sydney.
Size range3 cm
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Distribution
The Mud-dauber Wasp is found throughout Australia.Habitat
The Mud-dauber Wasp lives in urban areas, forests and woodlands, and heath.Behaviour and adaptations
Feeding and Diet
The Mud-dauber Wasp is usually seen feeding on flower nectar but occasionally found
flying with a spider held in its jaws, destined to be fed to larvae in a mud nest.
Life cycle
Normally the Mud-dauber Wasp puts several paralysed spiders in each nest with one egg,
to eat when it hatches. The adults are often seen collecting water and mud for their nests,
which they commonly construct in protected areas of houses, buildings and rock
overhangs.Living with us
Danger to humans and first aid
The Mud-dauber Wasp can deliver painful stings, but attacks are rare. An ice pack may be
used to relieve the pain of the sting. If there is evidence of an allergic reaction, medicalattention should be sought.
Classification
Species:laetum
Genus:
SceliphronFamily:
Sphecidae
Superfamily:Sphecoidea
Suborder:
Apocrita
Order:Hymenoptera
Class:
InsectaSubphylum:
Uniramia
Phylum:Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
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Fig wasps
Some native Australian fig trees need fig wasps for successful pollination and the wasps
rely on the tree to complete their lifecycle. This relationship has evolved to the point wherethe tree and the wasp are completely dependent on each other.
Identification
Male fig wasps are wingless, a golden-brown colour and have an under-turned 'tail';females have wings and a long head.
Size range
1.5 mmDistribution
Fig wasps are found throughout Australia.Habitat
Fig wasps live in urban areas, forests and woodlands and anywhere native fig trees arefound.
Behaviour and adaptationsLife cycle
After mating inside a fig, which contains the minute flowers, the pollen-laden female flies
off to find another fig. She burrows into it with her long head and sometimes loses her
wings and antennae in the process. She then attempts to lay her eggs inside the flowers and,in the process, pollinates them with pollen from the last fig she visited. The fig tree
chemically detects the presence of the egg and surrounds it with plant tissue. This provides
the larva, which hatches inside the fig, with enough food to grow and restart the cycle.
The males spend their entire yet short lives inside the fig, where they mate with females
and die soon after.Classification
Subfamily:
AgaoninaeFamily:
Agaonidae
Superfamily:
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Chalcidoidea
Suborder:
ApocritaOrder:
Hymenoptera
Class:Insecta
Subphylum:
UniramiaPhylum:
Arthopoda
Kingdom:
Animalia
We remove bee and wasp in all this area
North Sydney
East SydneySouth Sydney
West Sydney
North East SydneySouth East Sydney
South West Sydney
North West Sydney
AbbortsfordPoint 2046Abbotsbury 2176
Abbotsford 2046
AcaciaGardens 2763
AgnesBanks 2753Airds 2560
AkunaBay 2084
Alexandria 2015AlfordPoint 2234
Allambie 2100
AllambieHeights 2100
Allawah 2218Ambarvale 2560
Annandale 2038
Annangrove 2156AnzacVillage 2173
Appin 2560
Arncliffe 2205ArndellPark 2148
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Artarmon 2064
Ashbury 2193
Ashcroft 2168Ashfield 2131
Asquith 2077
AuburnNorth 2144AuburnSouth 2144
AuburnWest 2144
Auburn 2144Audley 2232
Austral 2171
Avalon 2107
AvalonBeach 2107
F pest control
Fairfield 2165
FairfieldEast 2165FairfieldHeights 2165
FairfieldWest 2165Fairlight 2094
Faulconbridge 2776
Fiddletown 2159FiveDock 2046
Flemington 2140
ForestGlen 2157
ForestLodge 2037Forestville 2087
FoxValley 2076
FreemansReach 2756FrenchsForest 2086
FrenchsForestEast 2086
FullersBridge 2067
H pest control
Haberfield 2045
Hammondville 2170Harbord 2096
HarbordWest 2096
HarringtonPark 2567HarrisPark 2150
HassallGrove 2761
HawkesburyHeights 2777Haymarket 2000
Heathcote 2233
Hebersham 2770
Heckenberg 2168
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Henley 2111
Hewitt 2759
Hillsdale 2036Hillside 2157
Hinchinbrook 2168
HMASPenguin 2091Hobartville 2753
Holroyd 2142
Holsworthy 2173HolsworthyBarracks 2173
Homebush 2140
HomebushBay 2140
HomebushWest 2140HorningseaPark 2171
Hornsby 2077
HornsbyHeights 2077
HorsleyPark 2164HoxtonPark 2171
HuntersHill 2110Huntingwood 2148
HuntleyCove 2111
HuntleyPoint 2111HurlstonePark 2193
Hurstville 2220
HurstvilleGrove 2220
S pest control
Sackville 2756SackvilleNorth 2756
Sadleir 2168
SagarPlace 2113Sandringham 2219
SandyPoint 2171
SansSouci 2219
Scheyville 2756Schofields 2762
Seaforth 2092
Sefton 2162SevenHills 2147
SevenHillsWest 2147
Shalvey 2770SherwoodGrange 2160
Silverdale 2752
Silverwater 2128
SmeatonGrange 2567
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Smithfield 2164
SmithfieldWest 2164
Sorlie 2086SouthGranville 2142
SouthHead 2030
SouthHurstville 2221SouthMaroota 2756
SouthPenrith 2750
SouthSteyne 2095SouthTurramurra 2074
SouthWentworthville 2145
SouthWindsor 2756
SpitJunction 2088SpringFarm 2570
Springwood 2777
StAlbans 2775
StAndrews 2566StClair 2759
StLeonards 2065StMarys 2760
StPeters 2044
StanhopeGardens 2768Stanmore 2048
Strathfield 2135
StrathfieldSouth 2136
StrawberryHills 2010SummerHill 2130
SunValley 2777
SurryHills 2010Sutherland 2232
Sydenham 2044
Sydney 2000SydneyShowground 2021
SydneyOlympicPark 2127
Sylvania 2224
SylvaniaHeights 2224SylvaniaWaters 2224
P pest controlPaddington 2021
Padstow 2211
PadstowHeights 2211Pagewood 2035
PalmBeach 2108
Panania 2213
Parklea 2768
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Parramatta 2150
ParramattaEast 2150
Peakhurst 2210PeakhurstHeights 2210
PeakhurstSouth 2210
PendleHill 2145Pennanthills 2120
Penrith 2750
Penshurst 2222Petersham 2049
PhillipBay 2036
PicnicPoint 2213
Picton 2571Pittstown 2756
PittstownBottoms 2756
PleasurePoint 2171
Plumpton 2761PointPiper 2027
PortBotany 2036Portland 2756
Prestons 2170
Prospect 2149Punchbowl 2196
Putney 2112
Pymble 2073
Pyrmont 2009
B pest controlBadgerysCreek 2171
BaldFace 2221
BalgowlahHeights 093Balgowlah 2093
BallsHead 2060
BalmainEast 2041
Balmain 2041BalmoralBeach 2088
BalmoralVillage 2571
Balmoral 2088Bangor 2234
Banksia 2216
Banksmeadow 2019Bankstown 2200
BankstownAirport 200
BankstownEast 2190
BankstownNorth 2200
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BantryBay 2087
BardenRidge 2234
BardwellPark 2207BardwellValley 2207
Bargo 2574
BassHill 2197BaulkhamHills 2153
Bayview 2104
BeaconHill 2100Beaconsfield 2015
BeautyPoint 2088
Beecroft 2119
Belfield 2191BelimbaPark 2570
BellaVista 2153
BellevueHill 2023
Belmore 2192Belrose 2085
BenBuckler 2026Berala 2141
BerkshirePark 2765
Berowra 2081BerowraHeights 2082
BerowraWaters 2082
Berrilee 2159
BerrysBay 2060BeverleyPark 2217
BeverlyHills 2209
BeverlyHillsNorth 2209Bexley 2207
BexleyNorth 2207
BexleySouth 2207BexleyWest 2207
BickleyVale 2570
Bidwill 2770
Bilgola 2107BilgolaPlateau 2107
Birchgrove 2041
BirkenheadPoint 2047Birrong 2143
Blacktown 2148
BlairAthol 2560Blairmount 2559
Blakehurst 2221
Blaxcell 2142
Blaxland 2774
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BlaxlandRidge 2758
BluesPoint 2060
BobbinHead 2074Bondi 2026
BondiBeach 2026
BondiJunction 2022BonnetBay 2226
Bonnyrigg 2177
BonnyriggHeights 2177BoroniaPark 2111
BossleyPark 2176
Botany 2019
BowenMountain 2753Bradbury 2560
BradleysHead 2088
BreakfastPoint 2137
BrickfieldHill 2000Brighton-Le-sands 2216
Bringelly 2171Broadway 2007
Bronte 2024
Brooklyn 2083Brookvale 2100
BrownlowHill 2570
Bundeena 2230
BunganHead 2106Burraneer 2230
Burwood 2134
BurwoodHeights 2136Busby 2168
M pest controlMacDonaldtown 2042
MacquarieFields 2564
MacquarieLinks 2564
MacquariePark 2113MacquarieUniversity 2109
Maianbar 2230
Malabar 2036Manly 2095
ManlyEast 2095
ManlyVale 2093Maraylya 2765
Marayong 2148
Maroota 2756
Maroubra 2035
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MaroubraJunction 2035
MaroubraSouth 2035
Marrickville 2204MarrickvilleWest 2204
MarrickvilleSouth 2204
MarsdenPark 2765Marsfield 2122
Mascot 2020
Matraville 2036MaysHill 2145
McCallumsHill 2195
McGrathshill 2756
McMahonPoint 2060Meadowbank 2114
MelrosePark 2114
Melville 2759
Menai 2234Menangle 2568
MenanglePark 2563Merrylands 2160
MerrylandsWest 2160
MiddleCove 2068MiddleDural 2158
MiddleHead 2088
Miller 2168
MillersPoint 2000Milperra 2214
MilsonsPoint 2061
MinchinHills 2770Minchinbury 2770
Minto 2566
MintoHeights 2566Miranda 2228
ModelFarms 2153
MonaVale 2103
Monterey 2217MooneyMooney 2083
MoorePark 2021
Moorebank 2170MorningBay 2108
Mortdale 2223
Mortlake 2137Mosman 2088
MountAnnan 2567
MountColah 2079
MountDruitt 2770
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MountHunter 2570
MountKuring-Gai 2080
MountLewis 2200MountPleasant 2749
MountPritchard 2170
MountRiverview 2774MountTomah 2758
MountVernon 2759
MountVictoria 2786MountWilga 2077
MountWilson 2786
MountYork 2786
MountainLagoon 2758MowbrayPark 2571
Mulgoa 2745
Mulgrave 2756
O pest control
Oakdale 2570Oakhurst 2761
Oakville 2765
Oatlands 2117Oatley 2223
OldGuildford 2161
OldToongabbie 2146
OranPark 2570OrangeGrove 2040
Orangeville 2570
OrchardHills 2748OsbornePark 2066
OxfordFalls 2100
OxleyPark 2760OysterBay 2225
Cabarita 2137
CabaritaJunction 2137Cabramatta 2166
CabramattaHeights 2166
CabramattaWest 2166Cabravale 2166
CambridgeGardens 2747
CambridgePark 2747Camden 2570
CamdenSouth 2570
Camellia 2142
Cammeray 2062
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Campbelltown 2560
CampbelltownNorth 2560
Camperdown 2050Campsie 2194
CanadaBay 2046
CanleyHeights 2166Caneyville 2166
Canoelands 2157
Canterbury 2193CaravanHead 2225
CareelBay 2107
Caringbah 2229
Carlingford 2118CarlingfordHeights 2118
CarlingfordNorth 2118
Carlton 2218
CarnesHill 2171Carramar 2163
CarssPark 2221Cartwright 2168
CastleCove 2069
CastleHill 2154Castlecrag 2068
Castlereagh 2749
Casula 2170
CatherineField 2171Cattai 2756
Cawdor 2570
CecilHills 2171CecilPark 2171
CentennialPark 2021
Central 2000CentralMacdonald2775
CharingCross 2024
Chatswood 2067
ChatswoodWest 2067Chatsworth 2759
Cheltenham 2119
Cherrybrook 2126ChesterHill 2162
Chifley 2036
Chinatown 2000Chippendale 2008
ChippingNorton 2170
Chiswick 2046
ChowderBay 2088
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Chullora 2190
ChurchPoint 2105
CircularQuay 2000ClaremontMeadows2747
Clarendon 2756
Clareville 2107Claymore 2559
ClemtonPark 2206
CliftonGardens 2088Clontarf 2093
Clovelly 2031
ClovellyWest 2031
Clyde 2142CoastersRetreat 2108
Cobbitty 2570
CograBay 2083
Colebee 2761Collaroy 2097
CollaroyBeach 2097CollaroyPlateau 2097
Colyton 2760
ComleroyRoad 2758Como 2226
ComoWest 2226
Concord 2137
ConcordEast 2137ConcordNorth 2138
ConcordSouth 2137
ConcordWest 2138CondellPark 2200
ConnellsPoint 2221
Coogee 2034CoogeeNorth 2034
Cornwallis 2756
CottagePoint 2084
Couridjah 2571Cowan 2081
Cranebrook 2749
Cremorne 2090CremorneJunction 2090
CremornePoint 2090
Cromer 2099CromerHeights 2099
Cronulla 2230
CrowsNest 2065
Croydon 2132
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CroydonPark 2133
CurlCurl 2096
CurransHill 2567CurrawongBeach 2108
N pest controlNarellan 2567
NarellanVale 2567
Naremburn 2065Narrabeen 2101
Narraweena 2099
Narwee 2209
Nelson 2765NeutralBay 2089
NeutralBayJunction 2089
Newington 2127
Newport 2106NewportBeach 2106
Newtown 2042NielsenPark 2030
Normanhurst 2076
NorthBalgowlah 2093NorthBondi 2026
NorthCurlCurl 2099
NorthEpping 2121
NorthHead 2095NorthManly 2100
NorthRyde 2113
NorthSteyne 2095NorthStrathfield 2137
NorthSydney 2060
NorthTurramurra 2074Northbridge 2063
Northwood 2066
T pest controlTahmoor 2573
Tamarama 2026
Tarban 2111TarenPoint 2229
Tempe 2044
TennysonPoint 2111TerreyHills 2084
TheBasin 2108
TheOaks 2570
TheRocks 2000
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TheSpit 2088
TheresaPark 2570
Thirlmere 2572Thornleigh 2120
TomUglysPoint 2221
Toongabbie 2146ToongabbiEast 2146
Tregear 2770
TuderaCreek 2171TumbledownDick 2101
Turramurra 2074
Turrella 2205
U pest control
Ultimo 2007
Undercliffe 2206
UniversityofNSW 2033UniversityOfSydney 2006
V pest control
ValleyHeights 2777
Varroville 2566Vaucluse 2030
Villawood 2163
Vineyard 2765
VoyagerPoint 2171D pest control
Daceyville 2032
DarlingHarbour 2000DarlingPoint 2027
Darlinghurst 2010
Darlington 2008Davidson 2085
DawesPoint 2000
DeanPark 2761
DeeWhy 2099DeeWhyBeach 2099
DenhamCourt 2565
Denistone 2114DenistoneEast 2122
DenistoneWest 2114
Dharruk 2770DiamondBay 2030
DobroydHead 2093
DobroydPoint 2045
DolansBay 2229
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DollsPoint 2219
Doonside 2767
DoubleBay 2028DouglasPark 2569
DoverHeights 2030
Drummoyne 2047DuffysForest 2084
DulwichHill 2203
Dundas 2117DundasValley 2117
Dunheved 2760
Dural 2158
G pest control
Galston 2159
GeorgesHall 2198GeorgesHeights 2088
Gilead 2560Girraween 2145
Gladesville 2111
Glebe 2037GlebePoint 2037
GlenAlpine 2560
Glenbrook 2773
Glendenning 2761Glenfield 2167
Glenhaven 2156
Glenmore 2570GlenmorePark 2745
Glenorie 2157
Glenwood 2768Glossodia 2756
GoldenGrove 2008
Gordon 2072
GoreHill 2065GrahamHeights 2567
Granville 2142
Grasmere 2570GraysPoint 2232
GreatMackerelBeach 2108
GreenValley 2168Greenacre 2190
Greendale 2745
GreenfieldPark 2176
Greenwich 2065
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GreenwichPoint 2065
Greystanes 2145
GroseVale 2753GroseWold 2753
Guildford 2161
GuildfordNorth 2160GuildfordWest 2161
Gunderman 2775
GunnamattaBay 2230Gymea 2227
GymeaBay 2227
I pest controlIllawong 2234
Ingleburn 2565
IngleburnVillage 2174
Ingleside 2101J pest control Jamisontown 2750
Jannali 2226JannaliWest 2226
K pest controlKangarooPoint 2224
Kareela 2232
Kearns 2558
Kellyville 2155KellyvilleRidge 2155
KempsCreek 2171
KennyHill 2567Kensington 2033
Kenthurst 2156
Kentlyn 2560Killara 2071
KillarneyHeights 2087
KingsCross 2011
KingsLangley 2147KingsPark 2148
Kingsway 2208
Kingsgrove 2208Kingswood 2747
KingswoodPark 2747
Kirkham 2570Kirrawee 2232
Kirribilli 2061
KissingPoint 2074
Kogarah 2217
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KogarahBay 2217
Kurmond 2757
Kurnell 2231KurrabaPoint 2089
Kurrajong 2758
KurrajongHeights 2758KurrajongHills 2758
Kyeemagh 2216
KyleBay 2221
Y pest control Yagoona 2199
Yanderra 2574
Yarramundi 2753Yarrawarrah 2233
Yennora 2161
E pest control
EagleVale 2558Earlwood 2206
EastHills 2213EastKillara 2071
EastKurajong 2758
Eastlakes 2018EastLindfield 2070
EastRoseville 2069
EastRyde 2113
EastSydney 2010EasternCreek 2766
Eastgardens 2036
Eastwood 2122Ebenezer 2756
EdensorPark 2176
Edgecliff 2027EdmondsonPark 2171
ElanoraHeights 2101
Elderslie 2570
ElizabethBay 2011EllisLane 2570
ElvinaBay 2105
Emerton 2770EmuHeights 2750
EmuPlains 2750
Enfield 2136EnfieldSouth 2133
Engadine 2233
EngaloriePark 2560
Enmore 2042
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Epping 2121
EppingWest 2121
Ermington 2115ErskinePark 2759
Erskineville 2043
ErskinevilleSouth 2043EscholPark 2558
Eskdale 2567
Eveleigh 2015
L pest control
LaPerouse 2036
LakeParramatta 2151Lakemba 2195
Lakesland 2572
LalorPark 2147
Lansvale 2006LaneCove 2066
LaneCoveNorth 2066LaneCoveWest 2066
Lansdowne 2163
Lansvale 2166Lapstone 2773
LavenderBay 2060
Lawson 2783
Leichhardt 2040Leightonfield 2163
LemonGrove 2750
Leonay 2750Leppington 2171
LethbridgePark 2770
Leumeah 2560Lewisham 2049
LibertyGrove 2138
Lidcombe 2141
LilliPilli 2229Lilyfield 2040
Lindfield 2070
LinleyPoint 2066LinnsHill 2570
LittleBay 2036
Liverpool 2170LiverpoolNorth 2170
LiverpoolSouth 2170
LiverpoolWest 2170
Loftus 2232
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LovettBay 2105
LucasHeights 2234
Lugarno 2210Lurnea 2170
Q pest controlQuakershill 2763
QueensPark 2022
Queenscliff 2096
R pest control
Raby 2566
Ramsgate 2217RamsgateBeach 2217
Randwick 2031
Redfern 2016
RegentsPark 2143Regentville 2745
Revesby 2212RevesbyHeights 2212
RevesbyNorth 2212
Rhodes 2138Richmond 2753
RichmondLowlands 2753
Riverstone 2765
Riverview 2066Riverwood 2210
Rockdale 2216
RoddPoint 2046RogansHill 2154
Rookwood 2141
RootyHill 2766RoseBay 2029
RoseBayNorth 2030
Rosebery 2018
Rosehill 2142Roselands 2196
Roselea 2118
Rosemeadow 2560Roseville 2069
RosevilleChase 2069
Rossmore 2171RoundCorner 2158
RouseHill 2155
RoyalNationalPark 2232
Rozelle 2039
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Ruse 2560
RushcuttersBay 2011
RussellLea 2046Rydalmere 2116
Ryde 2112
W pest control
Wahroonga 2076
Waitara 2077Wakeley 2176
Wallacia 2745
Wallgrove 2164
Wareemba 2046Warragamba 2752
Warrawee 2074
Warriewood 2102
WarriewoodBeach 2102Warrimoo 2774
Warringah 2100Warumbul 2229
WarwickFarm 2170
Waterfall 2233Waterloo 2017
WatsonsBay 2030
Waverley 2024
Waverton 2060Werombi 2570
Werrington 2747
WerringtonCounty 2747WerringtonDowns 2747
WestHoxton 2171
WestLindfield 2070WestPennantHills 2125
WestPymble 2073
WestRyde 2114
WetherillPark 2164Whalan 2770
WhaleBeach 2107
WheelerHeights 2097WheenyCreek 2758
WhiteBay 2039
Wilberforce 2756WileyPark 2195
Willmot 2770
Willoughby 2068
Windsor 2756
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WindsorDowns 2756
Wingala 2099
WinjiJimmi 2103Winmalee 2777
WinstonHills 2153
WolliCreek 2205Wollstonecraft 2065
Wondabine 2560
Woodbine 2560Woodcroft 2767
Woodford 2778
Woollahra 2025
WoollahraPoint 2028Woolloomooloo 2011
Woolooware 2230
Woolwich 2110
Woronora 2232WoronoraHeights 2233
Wynyard 2000