water quality survey of alternative safe water devices in emergency villages in jessore district md....
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Water Quality Survey of Alternative Safe Water Quality Survey of Alternative Safe Water Devices in Emergency Villages in Water Devices in Emergency Villages in
Jessore DistrictJessore District
Md. Shamim UddinMd. Shamim UddinSenior ChemistSenior Chemist
Asia Arsenic NetworkAsia Arsenic Network
Location of JessoreLocation of Jessore
Jessore
Number of Alternative Safe Water Options Number of Alternative Safe Water Options and their Operational Statusand their Operational Status
Option No. ofOperational Status(Oct,05) Types Options
Dug Well 87 56 (64%)
Dug Well with Filter 20 20 (100%)
PSF 24 8 (33%)
PWSS 1 1(100%)
RWH 1 1 (100%)
Location of Alternative Safe water Options in Emergency Response Villages
PSF
DW
PWSS
Introduce of Safe Water OptionIntroduce of Safe Water Option
Dug Well Dug Well with Filter
Pond Sand Filter Rain Water Harvester
Pipe Water Supply System Using Surface WaterPipe Water Supply System Using Surface Water
Ecological Filter
Water Supply Tap
Supply Tank
Objectives
• To know the water quality of surface and sub-surface water based alternative safe water options in the rainy season.
• To compare the water quality between rainy and dry season of dug wells.
Tested Water Quality Parameter and MethodologyTested Water Quality Parameter and Methodology
Parameters Equipment Specification
Arsenic AAS Shimadzu AA-660
Iron AAS Shimadzu AA-660
Manganese AAS Shimadzu AA-660
Ammonium Spectrophotometer HACH: DR-2010
Turbidity Spectrophotometer HACH: DR-2010
Fecal Coliform Membrane Filtration M-FC Agar
Number of Dugwells
Number of Dugwell and Turbidity Level (NTU) Total
Contamination0 ~ 5 6 ~ 10 11 ~ 50 51 ~ 100 >100
56 17 11 20 7 1 28 (50%)
17
11
20
7
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
NTU0-5 6-10 11-50 51-100 >100
0-5
6-10
11-50
51-100
>100
Excess Value of Bangladesh Standard : NTU<10
Turbidity (Rainy Season)
50%50%
Contaminted
Safe
Number Dug Well
Number of Dug Well and Ammonium Level (mg/l) Total
Contamination<0.1
0.10 ~ <0.64
0.64 ~ <1.50
1.50~ <5.00
>5.00
56 9 26 12 6 3 21 (38%)
9
26
12
63
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
mg/ l <0.1 0.11-<0.64
0.64-<1.50
1.51-<5.0
>5.00
<0.1
0.11- <0.64
0.64- <1.50
1.51- <5.0
>5.00
Excess Value of Bangladesh Standard : <0.64 mg/l
Ammonium (Rainy Season)
38%
62%
Contaminted
Safe
Number Dug Well
Number of dug Well and Concentration range of Iron (mg/l) Total
Contamination<0.1
0.10 ~ <0.30
0.30 ~ <1.00
1.00 ~ <3.00
>3.0
56 6 8 22 9 11 20 (36%)
68
22
911
0
5
10
15
20
25mg/ l
<0.1 0.10-<0.30
0.30-<1.00
1.00-<3.00
>3.0
<0.1
0.10- <0.30
0.30- <1.00
1.00- <3.00
>3.0
Excess Value of Bangladesh Standard : < 1.0 mg/l
Iron (Rainy Season)
36%
64%
Contaminted
Safe
Number Dug Well
Number of dug Well and Concentration range of Manganesse (mg/l)
TotalContamination
<0.10.10 ~ <0.40
0.40 ~ <0.70
0.70 ~ <1.00
> 1.00
56 9 25 9 5 8 47 (84%)
9
25
9
5
8
0
5
10
15
20
25mg/ l
<0.1 0.10-<040
0.40-<0.7
0.7-<1.0
>1.0
<0.1
0.10- <040
0.40- <0.7
0.7- <1.0
>1.0
Excess Value of Bangladesh Standard : < 0.1 mg/l
Manganese (Rainy Season)
84%16%
Contaminted
Safe
Number Dug Well
Number of dug Well and Concentration range of Arsenic (µg/L)
TotalContamination
<1011 ~ 50
51 ~ 100 101 ~ 150 >150
56 33 20 2 0 1 3 (5%)
33
20
20 1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
<10 10-<50
50-<100
100-<150
>150
<10
10- <50
50- <100
100- <150
>150
Excess Value of Bangladesh Standard : < 0.1 µg/L
Arsenic (Rainy Season)
5%
95%
Contaminted
Safe
Descriptive Statistic of Different Parameter of Water Quality Between Rainy and Dry Season
Statistical Parameter
Turbidity Ammonium Iron Manganese Arsenic
RainyDry Rainy Dry Rainy Dry Rainy Dry Rainy Dry
Mean21 16 1.04 3.31 2.04 1.24 0.487 0.398 17 15.8
Median10.5 0 0.455 0.245 0.703 0.436 0.304 0.296 9 5.5
Minimum0 0 0.02 0 0 0.023 0 0 1 0
Maximum129 94 8.5 79
16.798
9.809 3.44 1.875 217 263
Water Quality Comparison between rainy and Dry Seasons in Dugwell water
0
5
10
15
20
25
Turbidity Ammonium Iron Manganese Arsenic
Parameters
Mea
n Va
lue
Rainy Season Dry Season
• Comments
• The concentration of Arsenic, Iron, Manganese and turbidity were found relatively high in rainy season in Dugwell water.
• The concentration of Ammonium was found relatively low in Dugwell water in rainy season
5
9
14
5
13
10
0
5
10
15cfu/ 100ml
0 1-10 11-50 51-100
101-500
>500
0
1-10
11-50
51-100
101-500
>500
Excess Value of Bangladesh Standard : < 10 cfu/100ml
Fecal Coliform (Rainy Season)
91%
9%
Contaminted
Safe
Number of Options
Number of dug Well and Fecal Contamination (cfu/100ml) Total
Contamination0
1 ~ 10
11 ~ 5051 ~ 100
101 ~ 500
>500
56 5 9 14 5 13 10 51 (91%)
Relationship Between Fecal Coliform and Toilet Distance
0
1500
3000
4500
6000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Toilet Distance (Feet)
Fec
al C
on
tam
inat
ion
Relationship Between Fecal Coliform and Cow-shed/ Wastage Storage Place
0
1500
3000
4500
6000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Distance of Cow-shed
Feca
l Col
iform
Bacteriological Contamination of Dugwell with Filter and Dug Bacteriological Contamination of Dugwell with Filter and Dug
Well with Exceeding Bangladesh Guideline ValueWell with Exceeding Bangladesh Guideline Value
Parameter Dug Well Dugwell with Filter
Fecal Coliform
Number of Samples
51 (91%)
56
13 (65%)
20
65%91%
0
20
40
60
80
100
Dugwell Dugwell with Filter%
Comparison of Fecal Coliform Between Dugwell and Dugwell with Filter
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
<1 1 ~ 10 11 ~ 50 51 ~ 100 101 ~ 500 >500
Contamination Level
% D
ugw
ell
Dugwell Dugwell with Filter
Effect of Chlorination on Dugwell with Filter for reducing Fecal Coliform
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
<1 1~10 11~50 51~100 >100
Contamination Level
% o
f Dug
wel
ls
Chlorination Sometimes Chlorination Never Chlorination
Water Quality of Pond Sand filterWater Quality of Pond Sand filter
Number of PSF Parameter
Excess Value of Bangladesh
Standard
8
Arsenic 0 (0%)
Manganese 2 (25.0%)
Iron 0 (0%)
Ammonium 1 (12.5%)
Fecal Coliform 7 (87.5%)
Turbidity 0 (0%)
• Comments
• Dugwell and PSF were found highly fecal contaminated, but Dugwell is more serious.
• We could not find out effectiveness of site selection of Dugwell in this study.
• Sand filter seems effective to reduce the Fecal contamination, but not enough.
• Chlorination is also necessary to produce Bacteriological safe water for dugwell with filter as well as PSF.