waterborne disease (mdh) 03 diarhea

8/2/2019 Waterborne Disease (MDH) 03 Diarhea

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Waterborne Diseases



Objectives:

At the end of the session:I will have a working knowledge on how toidentify children with waterborne diseasesI will have realized that illness, like diarrhea,has many causesI will have plans on how to control causesof diarrheaI will be an active participant in the

fight against waterborne diseases in mycommunity



C

AUSES



CAUSES

Intake of Medicine• Antacids• Antibiotics• Sugar free gums• Diet pills

TravelFood

StressFunctional



CAUSES

• BACTERIA• VIRUS

• PARASITES• COMBINATION



Who gets diarrhea?Everyone…….



What is Diarrhea?

•Fart (foul smelling)

•Passage of loose, watery stool

•More than 3 times in 24 hours

•Consistency

•Blood containing

•Color

Ears

Eyes

Nose

Touch

(Taste)



SYMPTOMS



Symptoms of Diarrhea

Acute watery(cholera)….Weight loss &…dehydration

Bloody Diarrhea (dysentery)…intestinal damage…sepsis (severe infection)

…dehydration



Symptoms of Diarrhea

Persistent diarrhea…more than 14 days ..Malnutrition, Dehydration,

serious intestinal infection

Diarrhea with severe malnutrition…heartfailure..

….damage to many internal organs ….vitamin & mineral deficiencies



What do we do?

Do we have to give: Antibiotics? … NOT everybody shouldbe given

Adsorbents? (Kaolin, Pectin,)…NO Antimotility? (Loperamide)…NO, itdelays elimination of organisms



DIARRHEA made SIMPLE:

ASSESSTREAT

ADVICE



FOUR Rules for HomeTreatment of Diarrhea:

1. Give the child with diarrhea more oralfluids than usual

• Continue breast feeding

• ORS (Oral Rehydration Salt)• Not too sweet juices• Vegetable or chicken soups with salt• Salted rice water

• Buko juice with a little salt• Yogurt with added salt



How to Prepare Home-Made ORS

• Recipe for making a1-litre ORS solutionusing salt, sugarand water:

• I litre of clean water• One level teaspoon of

salt• Eight level teaspoons

of sugar• Stir the mixture until

the sugar & saltdissolve.




2. ZINC SupplementationDecreases the length and severity of diarrheaFor the immune systemImproves appetite and growth< 6 month old: 1/2 tablet once a day for

10 to14 days> 6 months old: 1 tablet per day for 10 to 14

days




3. Continue to feed the childBreastfeed more often

AVOID: bulky, high fiber and hard to digest

cereals, very dilute soups, too sweet fruitdrinks, soft drinks, ice teasGive small but frequent feedings (every 2-3hours:

less than 6 month old: breastfeed6-1 year: breastfeed and semi-solid food2yrs and older: regular food but those that are

easy to digest: banana, “arroz caldo”, rice withsoup and fish




4. Consult a doctor when the child:Passes many stoolsIs very thirstyHas sunken eyesIs not getting better within 3 daysHas fever

Does not drink normally



How to Prevent Diarrhea• Wash uncooked foods

such as fruits &vegetables

• Encouragebreastfeeding, notbottle feeding

• Dispose of rubbish awayfrom water; keep

animals & insects out• Eat freshly cooked food;

keep your body andclothing clean; keepyour home & schoolclean



Four F's : Feces

FliesFingers

FoodFECES gets on food

by flies or fingers!Feces can carrydiarrhea germs

and can make yousick. Think ofways to avoid thiscycle



The Philippine College of Physicians wishes toacknowledge the following for her invaluable

efforts in the preparation of this module

Cynthia Cuayo-Juico, MD, FPPS

waterborne disease (mdh) 03 diarhea

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