waterfl ooding 2spe.org.ar/locker/pdf/fernando_tuero_waterflooding.pdfbasin´s locat 1944 1957- 75...
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BASIN´s LOCAT
1944 1957- 75
Santa Cruz development
Primary Development of Cerro Dragon, development
(Canadon Seco)g ,
Huemul, Zorro, Cdonde La Escondida, Las
ION & HISTORY
1980’s1970’s 1990’s
Waterflooding starts in El Cordon, Piedra
Incipient Waterfloodingstarts in Cdon Leon,
Waterflooding starts in C. Minerales, El ,
Clavada, C. Seco, El Tordillo, Koluel Kaike y
starts in Cdon Leon, Cerro Dragon, Pico Truncado and Ant.
Huemul, Diadema, Los Perales, El Guadal, C. d l E did t
BASIN MAIN CHA
Concessions ds in twods in tworovinces
ARACTERISTICS
GEOLOGYHigly compartimentalized both straigraphically (complex fluvial environment) and structurally (faults)
FLUIDS
fluvial environment) and structurally (faults)
FLUIDSVarious migratory pulses and bio degradation large variability in key properties like viscosities, Rs.
EXPLOITATION5 to 30+ perforations per well, partially tested, many generation tools co existing, mechanical status, etc.
SURFACECorrosion injection pressures treatment capacity waterCorrosion, injection pressures, treatment capacity, water disposal, treatment, environmental issues, high temperature amplitude from summer to winter etc
THE “VOICE” ofe than 15 yrs and 100 b
100+ Fields, 20+ yrs50+ WF P j t
e
e than 15 yrs and 100 b
50+ WF Projects
SPE-185585
Slide 6
f EXPERIENCElocks (+6 000 wells) studiedlocks (+6,000 wells) studied
THE “VOICE” ofOOIP follows a similarOOIP follows a similar
20%20%# Reserv
10% 50%10% 50%# Reservoirs OOI
f EXPERIENCEr to PARETO distribution
70% 20%
r to PARETO distribution
% 30%
70% 20%# Reservoirs OOIP
% 30%voirs OOIP
%%IP
THE “VOICE” off Hi t i l W
tor #1
ormance of Historical W
y Recovery Factor
ytion
SecondaryProduction
tion
time
Slide 8
f EXPERIENCEW t fl di P j t i GSJWaterflooding Projects in GSJ
P50= 12 %
Primary Recovery Factor
THE “VOICE” off Hi t i l W
tor #2
ormance of Historical W
ctable fraction (CF)
TotalTotalElegibleElegible
ContactableContactable
Slide 9
f EXPERIENCEW t fl di P j t i GSJWaterflooding Projects in GSJ
P50= 25 %
Contactable Fraction
THE “VOICE” off Hi t i l W
tor #3
ormance of Historical W
ncies (Eff)
Theoretical
1010 M=20M=20
Theoretical
Real Historical
Wpd (MOVs)
Slide 10
f EXPERIENCEW t fl di P j t i GSJWaterflooding Projects in GSJ
P50= 30 %
Sweep Efficiency
THE “VOICE” ofed Fraction d d i l
e Continoused Fraction depends mainly o
12 % 50%#Reservoirs OOIP
220 150 100 75
f EXPERIENCERes Architecture d Well Spacing
Less Continousn Res. Architecture and Well Spacing
20 % 30%#Reservoirs OOIP
100 %
ion
acte
dFr
acti
Con
ta
Current 220 150 100 750 %
Forest and the treesTHE “VOICE” of
Forest and the trees….
roblems OpportunitieOpportunitie
Fluids GFluidsMobility issues
C
Perms
to make a DIMEf EXPERIENCE
DESIGN , IMPLEMENT,
to make a DIME
MONITOR & EVALUATE
eses
GeologySelectivity,
confinement, Fluid Balance & Timing
C t
ConnectivityBalance & Timing
Compart ments
THE “VOICE” ofecovery Factors variation
Final Recovery Facto
ecovery Factors variation
Final Recovery Facto
WFincr =
RFprim=1
f EXPERIENCEn are mainly due to DIME
r @Current Op Conditions
n are mainly due to DIME
Primary
r @Current Op. Conditions
= 4%12%
WATERFLO
WATERFLO
2POTENTIA
MATURITY
1
MATURITY ANALYSIS
1
OODING 2.0
OOD Next section examines the incremental resources potential
ALp
by assuming two reasonable but hypothetical scenarios
NEW IDEAS
3
TWO DEVELOPMEINCREMENTAL RESO
TWO DEVELOPME
TIMIZATION (300 m)TIMIZATION (300 m)
ons (WO, CTI);
ntactable Fraction and
ciencies based on Experience
timization
Slide 15
ENT SCENARIOSOURCES ESTIMATESENT SCENARIOS
Scenario #1
Assumes average key parameters such as Contactable Fractions and S Effi i i I lSweep Efficiencies. It also assumes no drilling (only workovers and conversions))
PTIMIZATION (300 m)( )
Extrefeatu
QliqQoQo
tt
emely hard to infer geological ures with prod-inj. responses
INCREMENTAL RESO
LL + OPTIMIZATION (170 m)
& recompletions; Assumptions
ntactable fractionntactable fraction
ciencies (displacement assumptions)
F Infill DevelopmentF Infill Development
Slide 17
OURCES ESTIMATES
Scenario #2 Scenario #2
A bl b t hi h k)
Assumes reasonable but higher key parameters (Contactable Fractions and Sweep Efficiencies) and injector p ) jinfill drilling + workover + conversions
INCREMENTAL RESOewly” contacted fraction reprewly contacted fraction repr
OURCES ESTIMATIONresents 70% of the total incrementsresents 70% of the total increments
70/3070/30RatioRatio
Of IncrementalEUR
INCREMENTAL RESORESULT
rio #1 WF OPTIMIZAT
RESULT
rio #1- WF OPTIMIZATm3/job as cutoff
elds (out of 140)
MM 3MMm3 of incremental oil re
f t GSJyrs. of current GSJ pro
B $ iBus$ in Conversions + Workov
Slide 20
OURCES ESTIMATIONTS
ATION
TS
ATION
esources
d tioduction
vers
INCREMENTAL RESORESULT
rio #2 INFILL + OPT
RESULT
rio #2 - INFILL + OPTm3/job as cutoff
elds (out of 140)
MMm3 of incremental oi
yrs. of current GSJ pro
Bus$ (Infill Drill + Conversions
Slide 21
OURCES ESTIMATIONTS
IMIZATION
TS
IMIZATION
l resources
duction
+ WO)
Sensitivity on MinimINCREMENTAL RESO
Sensitivity on Minim
SCENARIO 2_INFIL
Slide 22
mum EUR per JobOURCES ESTIMATIONmum EUR per Job
LL + OPTIMIZATION
Fiel
dsS
elec
ted
Fum
bero
f SN
u
INCREMENTAL RESO
ASH FLOW ANALYSISassumptions
MMus$/well + 0.5 MMus$/woMMus$/well 0.5 MMus$/wo
% Incremental Facilities
ental OPEX assumptions
Mus$/well/yr (Semi-FIXED)
Mus$/well/yr (VAR Well)
s$/m3 (VAR Total Fluid)s$/m3 (VAR Total Fluid)
Slide 23
OURCES ESTIMATION
o 30 60o 30-60us$/bbl
)
INCREMENTAL RESO
EAKEVEN PRICES – SH
Increment
EUR
Case notnot badbad 12Mm3/job
best projectsrformrform US US Shale’sShale’s
25Mm3/job
breakeven pricesMm /job
Slide 24
OURCES ESTIMATION
HALE vs Optimized Waterflood
Breakeven
Price
60Us$/bbl
2015
2014
2013
2016
2017
2012
2011
2010 30
Us$/bbl
WATERFLO
WATERFLO
2POTENTIA
MATURITY
1
MATURITY ANALYSIS
1
OODING 2.0
OOD AL
NEW IDEAS
3“ fNext section examines an “out of the
box” idea that might prove beneficial in various ways… could work or not ydepending on many boundary conditions (geological technical legacy issues
SEQUENTIAL W
CEPTS
o drilldrill a large amount of i
d TOTALTOTAL fifiers need TOTAL TOTAL confinemconfinem
UP UP sweep sequence
IME IME Inj. monitoringmonitoring Oent pressure gauge needent pressure gauge need
OST OST operation (handles lo
WATERFLOOD
injectors LOW COSTLOW COST
ttment ment
NO RIG NO RIG needed in INJ well
Only a flowmeter and well head eded
ower rates and lower Watercuts)
SEQUENTIAL W
S
e in both, Contacted FracContacted Frac
ee developmentdevelopment: can spepp png on marketmarket or project c
“PLATEAU“PLATEAU”” shaped profPLATEAUPLATEAU shaped prof
NANCIAL RISKRISK LoweLowenced
ANTANT ACTIVITY LEVELS
WATERFLOOD
ction ction and Efficiencies Efficiencies (1.5 - 2x)
eed up or slow down (Factory ModeFactory Mode) p ( yy )conditions (Price, costs, etc.)
file Optimize facilitiesfile Optimize facilities
r r Capital ExposuresCapital Exposures, as project is
foreseeable workforce foreseeable workforce needs