week 1 intro to 702 izaham

8/7/2019 Week 1 Intro to 702 Izaham

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Educational Research Week 1

Instructor: IZAHAM SHAH ISMAILCourse: EDU 702


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Information

Class

Location

Schedule

Book(s)

Required Text

Additional

Materials

Phone 55227406/0163434535/0182167978

Email [email protected]

Online

Handouts


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Housekeeping

Assessments Research portfolio Electronic

Blog-

edu702.blogspot.com


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Introduction What is research

Why carry out research

Types and approaches

Terminologies


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What is research to

you?


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Look at titles. E readiness in Botswana

A case study of young Korean English learning experiences in the United States: Asocio-cultural perspective

A Qualitative Study of the Development and First Year of Implementation of theBlacksburg Electronic Village

Role and Functions of School Psychologists in Virginia: A ten year follow up

Determinin effects of text-to-s eech s nthesis in a multimedia learnin

environment on science achievement for students with learning disabilities inreading

A study of the relationship between involvement in decision-making and moraleamong Virginia public elementary school teachers


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Is it..about problems? Response to a problem?

To an issue

Solving a problem? What do you do when solving a problem?

Understand the problem

Devise a plan to obtain a solution Use the plan

Evaluate the outcome


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General definition Research is the formal systematic application of the

scientific and disciplined inquiry approach to the study of

problems What do we mean by scientific?

How do we do science?


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doing science?

If our intuition, common sense, and folk wisdom is not

enough to make valid conclusions about behavior... Must test our hunches and ideas


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How we do science Typical way we approach a problem:

Make observations, read literature

Come up theory (general explanation). Develop testable statement (hypothesis) from theory.

CANT STOP THERE!!!

Pick research method, test hypothesis. Collect data. See if supports hypothesis.


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How we do science Example:

Childrens aggression & exposure to violent media.

Theory:

An explanation of phenomenon (using an integratedset of rinci les that or anizes or redicts

observations).General claim about behavior.

Example?


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How we do science

Cant stop there

Hypothesis:

A testable prediction implied by the theory.

Must be a specific & disconfirmable statement.

Example?


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The scientific method

1 2 3 4

Formulate the Test the Collect data Decide toTheory

tentativeproposition

about the

relation between

two or more

theoreticalconstructs)

(design a studyto establish

whether the

relationship

between the

constructs areas predicted)

rejecthypothesis


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A research is..

A diligent search or inquiry -

scientific investigation and study todiscover facts

c a ms open to quest on Knowledge can be observed and

tested again


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The purpose of scientific research

PurposeExamples

To Describe - describe the shape,colour, change over time, relation toother constructs and so on..

To Predict - given what is known thescientist attempts to predict what

E readiness in Botswana Navigating the university system:

The effects of Chinese and Indiangraduate students' social networkson academic ro ression

might happen..

To Control - by manipulating certainvariables the scientist is interested indetermining whether it will lead tocontrolling a particular condition.

To Explain in the form of a Theory -

ultimately the scientist is interested informing a theory to explain thephenomena being investigated.

Determining effects of text-to-speech synthesis in a multimedialearning environment on scienceachievement for students withlearning disabilities in reading

A study of the relationshipbetween involvement in decision-making and morale among Virginiapublic elementary school teachers


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EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH?

So what then is


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An educational research is..

A systematic, and organized effort

to investigate and providetrustworthy information about

,topics


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PPSMI/ ETEMS


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Characteristic of research Research begins with a question in the mind of the

researcher.

Research demands a clearstatement of the problem. Research requires a plan

Research seeks direction through appropriate

hypotheses or research questions Research deals with facts and their meaning.


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Systematic processes in educational

research

1 2 3 4

Identify a Collect data

Report findings

Design a study

Review knowninformation in

the problemarea put

forward a

hypothesis/formulateresearch

questions

interpret data

,

solve problembased onanalysis

hypothesis/answer the

research

questions


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Why carry out research?

Describe? Predict? Control? Explain?


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Why carry out edu research? To provide evidence to help people decide which

opinions are correct or more correct

To help develop better ways to think about the field ofeducation


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Why carry out edu research? To investigate problems or questions concerned with

improvement of education (Sowell, 2001)

contribute to the advances of knowledge and theory provide insights into societal concerns

solve a particular problem within a particular setting


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Educational research continuum Basic

contribute to the advances of knowledge and theory

Applied provide insights into societal concerns

solve a articular roblem within a articular settin

Evaluation Decision making


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CompareBasic

Apply to many people and

situations Relate to general theory

Results may not have

Applied

Apply to specific group of

people and situations Not necessarily related to

broader field of

implications for practice Results have immediateand clear implications forpractice


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Educational Research

Purposeful SystematicEthical Valid

Reliable

outcomes


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Validity and ReliabilityValidity

Outcomes are accurate?

Data collection provideaccurate data?

Analysis suitable for

Reliability

Outcomes are

trustworthy? Can depend on the

outcomes?

questions?


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Terminologies variable any characteristic that is not always the same

characteristics that vary Dependent ? Independent?

A statement about variables

hypothesis Statement that can be tested

theory An explanation of how and why things happen Tested


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Terminologies Research instrument

Anything used to collect information

Questionnaire Researcher as the instrument

Deduction

tarts w t a t eory, app y to ata

Tested

Induction

Data leads to theory


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ConsiderResearch 1

Investigates how the

period of the oscillation ofthe pendulum depends on

its length

Research 2

Investigates how peer

mentoring impacts thelearning motivation ofgraduate students


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Research 1 Variables

Dependent

Independent Others

Hypothesis

Theory Instrument

Analysis


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Research 2 Variables

Dependent Motivation Independent ? Others

Hypothesis

Instrument

Analysis

H d d fi ti ti


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How do we define motivation

operationally? Specify actions or operations to measure motivation

States that he/she spend more time working on academic

tasks States that she/he cant wait to go to class

Display interests pays attention

serve to as quest ons a out su ect

Turns in all homework/assignments on time

??


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The effects of INVOLVEMENT IN astructured wellness program on

physical and mental well-being of

SECONDARY school teachers

What are the variables?Is there a relationship to be

tested?

What must be operationalised?


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Identify research area Your personal interest

Accessibility

Socially relevant / useful Reiterate the significance of your would-be research


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English language research

University of Edinburgh http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/research/ Syntax & Semantics Research- research in both of these core areas of linguistic theory, and in

the interfaces between them and other areas, such as pragmatics.

The Phonetics & Phonology - researchers treating a very broad range of topics - "from speech

synthesis to OT" - as part of a unified field of activity; hardly anyone in the group can readily

be pigeonholed as a "phonologist" or a "phonetician".

The Centre for Speech Technology Research (CSTR) - concerned with research in all areas ofspeech technology including speech recognition, speech synthesis, speech signal processing,

information access, multimodal interfaces and dialogue systems.

The Language in Context Research - investigates how the social, interpersonal and discursive

context of language shapes its forms and uses.

The Developmental Linguistics Research - undertakes theoretical and experimental researchon language acquisition, language attrition, and language change. The fundamental research aim

is to investigate the nature of the constraints on how linguistic knowledge can vary over time,

both within and between individuals.


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Do background reading Systematic

Start with newspaper, magazines, tv news

Read textbook Read reports


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Exercise

Educational Issues in Malaysia


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Choose one issue Think of a research that

Describes

Predicts Controls

Explains

week 1 intro to 702 izaham

Documents