Week 12Week 12

Globalization

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Review: Week 11Review: Week 11

• The Environment– Two approaches to management– A Security Issue– Rio and Kyoto protocols

• Globalization: Non-state actors– Effects on states– Types of influence

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OutlineOutline

• Globalization defined– Five “scapes”

• Is globalization new?• Theoretical implications• Debates

– Fragmentation– Globalization vs. Americanization

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What is globalization?What is globalization?

??

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Five “scapes”Five “scapes”

• Dimensions of globalization• Processes that facilitate

transnational or global interaction• From Appardurai, Modernity at Large

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1. Financescape1. Financescape

• Global flows of money

• Huge volume: $1.5 trillion daily– Goods: $15 trillion

annually

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2. Mediascape2. Mediascape

• Capabilities to distribute and disseminate– Information– Images

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3. Technoscape3. Technoscape

• Spread of technology• Interpenetration of borders

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4. Ethnoscape4. Ethnoscape

• Ease of movement• Volume of movement

– Tourists, immigrants, refugees, exiles, guest workers

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4. Ethnoscape4. Ethnoscape

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4. Ethnoscape4. Ethnoscape

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5. Ideoscape5. Ideoscape

• Global spread of– Ideas– Values– Social movements– Ideology

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5. Ideoscape5. Ideoscape

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Anti-globalizationAnti-globalization

• Paradoxes– Localizing in aims

• “Glocalization”• “Fragmegration”

– Global in scope, organization– Five scapes facilitate anti-globalization

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Anti-globalizationAnti-globalization

Prague

Washington

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Anti-globalizationAnti-globalization

PraguePrague

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Is globalization new?Is globalization new?

• Three schools– Hyperglobalists– Skeptics– Transformationalists

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Theoretical implicationsTheoretical implications

• Globalization challenges– Realism– Liberalism– Constructivism

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FragmentationFragmentation

• Political dissolution– Yugoslavia

• Slovenia, Bosnia, Serbia, Macedonia

– Czechoslovakia– Indonesia (East Timor)– Moldova (Transnistria)

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FragmentationFragmentation

• Cultural differentiation

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FragmentationFragmentation

• Interactive process: globalization and localization affect each other

• Neologisms– “fragmegration”– “chaord”– “glocalization”– “Jihad vs. McWorld”

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Jihad vs. McWorldJihad vs. McWorld

• Benjamin R. Barber, 1996

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Jihad vs. McWorldJihad vs. McWorld

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Globalization vs. Globalization vs. AmericanizationAmericanization

• U.S. dominance over– Media– Finance– Ideas

• U.S. also an importer

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A testA test

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Preview QuestionsPreview Questions

• What is the “clash of civilizations” thesis?

• What is the “end of history” thesis?