The Crises of the 14th Century

Week 2

Overview

• Last Week:– The World of 1300

• 14th Century Crises• The Renaissance• https://

youtu.be/grbSQ6O6kbs

Conditions for a Crisis

• Little Ice Age (14th – 18th Centuries)

• Asian steppe• Rats and fleas• Mutations • China, 1320s and 1330s• 1347, Ship from Caffa to

Sicily• Trade Routes

Dance of Death, 15th C, Bernt Notke, Tallin Estonia

Black Death/Bubonic Plague

Black Death/Bubonic Plague

• Named for swelling/ discoloration on the skin

• 25%-65% mortality• Blame?• Peasant Revolts– 1358, Jacquerie– 1381, English Peasant

Revolt/Wat Tyler

Mongol Collapse

• Kublai Khan (1215-1294)– Yuan Dynasty– Hangzhou, 1276– Japan, 1274, 1281

• Hulagu Khan (r. 1256-1265)– Baghdad, 1258

• Tamerlane (1336 – 1405)– Samarkand– India, 1398-1399– Beyazid, 1402

• Effects

Tamerlane’s Empire

15th Century Europe

European Troubles

• The Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453)

• Great Schism– Avignon Papacy (1309 –

1378)– Gregory XI (r. 1370-1378)– Council of Constance

(1414 – 1418)• Byzantine Empire (1453)

– Mehmed II (r. 1451–1481) Battle of Crecy, late 15th C, Manuscript, Chronicles by Froissart

Avignon

The Great Schism

Byzantine Empire, c. AD 1025

Constantinople