Practical Phonetics Week 2

Classifying sounds: place and manner of articulation

Where and how sounds are made

Say mmmm where is the m sound produced? Its a bilabial consonant (this is the place of articulation)Pinch your nose what happens? It stops: its a nasal (not an oral) consonantPut your fingers in your ears what do you hear? The vibrations of the vocal cords: its a voiced consonantThinking about sounds

Some places of articulation: bilabial consonantsp pie b buy m mute w woodlips

Labiodental consonants f fine v vineupper teethlower lip

Dental consonants thin thisupper teethtip of tongue

Alveolar consonantst tie d die s Sue z zoo n night l lightalveolar ridgetip/blade of tongue

Post-alveolar / palato-alveolar consonants shoe, pressure pleasure cheap jeep r rack

Palatal consonantsj yes

Velar consonantsvelumback of tonguek curl g girl rang

Some manners of articulation: plosives (think explosion) or stopsBilabial: p b Alveolar: t dVelar: k g

Fricatives (think friction)Labiodental: f v Alveolar: s zPalato-alveolar or post-alveolar:

Oral Nasal(Velum is lowered, allowing air to enter the nasal cavity)

NasalsBilabial: m Velar: Alveolar: n

Other consonantsAffricates (a combination of stop + fricative): = voiceless post-alveolar affricate = voiced post-alveolar affricateApproximant (articulators approach each other but do not touch): w r jLateral (also called lateral approximant; air flows over sides of tongue): l

Summary of Places of Articulation Bilabial (lips) p b m w Labiodental (lips and teeth) f fine v vine Dental (tongue and teeth) thin then Alveolar (tongue and alveolar ridge) t d s z n l Palato-alveolar (tongue and front part of hard palate) shoe measure cheap jeep r Palatal (tongue and hard palate) j yes Velar (tongue and velum) k g running Glottal (glottis) h

Summary of manners of articulationPlosive / Stop p b t d k g Fricative f v s z hAffricate (stop + fricative) Nasal m n Approximants w r j (central) l (lateral)

Classifying consonantsVoiced or voicelessPlace of articulation(Central or lateral)(Oral or nasal)Manner of articulationExample 1 : s (sing):A voiceless, alveolar, (central), (oral) fricativeA voiceless, alveolar plosive/stop = ? /t/ What is /k/?- A voiceless, velar plosive/stop

The International Phonetic Alphabet: the English consonantsFull IPA with audio illustrations: http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm

And finallyan x-ray (not x-rated) movie:

http://www.practicalphonetics.com/seeing%20through%20speech.htm

Review activities

Complete the Classifying Consonants chart

Labels practice: http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/flash/phonflashrp.htm

Symbols practice: http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/flash/findrp.htm