week 5.4-5.8 eq: what were the causes and consequences of world war i? monday 5.4 bell ringer: 1...
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Week 5.4-5.8 EQ: What were the causes and consequences of World War I?Monday 5.4
Week 5.4-5.8 EQ: What were the causes and consequences of World War I?Monday 5.4
Bell Ringer: 1 (do not write)Pass propaganda forward 2 What is life like for soldiers in Iraq and
Afghanistan? 3 What were the causes of World War I?
World War I World War I
Warfare
The Armenian Genocide
War Imagery
Film ClipsFilm Clips
All Quiet on the Western Front Trailer Trench Warfare Google Video All Quiet on the Western Fro
nt you hide video clip TCM trailer
Albert Smith's Letter HomeAlbert Smith's Letter Home Albert Smith tries to dissuade his brother Greg from joining the war effort by encouraging him to stay in school. Click here to see actual letter. France Oct. 15, 1918. Mr. Mcgregor Smith Cookeville, Tenn. Dear "Greg": I received a letter from you a few weeks ago but have not had time to answer for we have been exceedingly busy. We are speedy[?] clearing France of the
Huns and making Europe safe for you Kids to come over next spring. This wil be the most peaceable country in the world in about sixty days. You just think that you want to come over here we wont need you. I wanted to come over pretty badly and was happy as a lark the day we left New York but that will be nothing to the state of my feeling when I start back to the states. If the Statue of liberty ever sees me again it will have to about face and come down south to find me after she sees me pass going into the harbor at New York on my way home. This is the wettest muddiest country I ever saw, it has been raining steadily for seven weeks. I stepped in a mud hole the other night and went up to my waist in mud and didnt get to change clothes and in fact I haven't changed yet. I haven't changed for over two month and havent even had my clothes off for that length of time. I have not had a bath for six weeks and none in sight for I haven't the slightest idea of using what little drinking water I get in my canteen for batheing purposes. I shave as often as possible for the beard on my face keeps my Gas mask from being effective and the germans use quite a bit of gas. Gas and machine gun is their only effective weapons. I have been on every front in France. You cant imagine how torn up this country really is. Every where there are wire entanglements and trenches and dug outs. Even out of the war zone there are entanglements and dugouts to protect the civilians from air raids. I have been from border to border of France and I mean I made the trip on foot throughout the country like a Gypsy horse trader we would hike a while and then stop and fight a while. It was a great hike but a hard one as it was raining every day and night. The hardest fight we were in was in the Argenne Forest Our batterries were the one that destroyed the machine gun nest at Montfaucon. I was at the Forward observation post the night the barrage was laid during the big drive of the last few weeks. The barrage that night was the heaviest one ever laid in France. I saw ever bit of it and saw the infantry go over the top. That certainly was a night that I will always remember. Our doughboy are the greatest men in the world, they certainly have "Fritz" bluffed: During Aug. When we were in a drive against mount Sac the strongest fortified hill in France we supported a regement of Negro infantry and when they went over the top and up the hill they were sayingÉto them germans "take yo hats off white folks no Kazerade [?] to late now." They sure did slaughter the Huns. The southern boys are certainly hard fighters. The third Tenn. Infantry is the hardest fighting regement over here. I understand that they have been cited by the British for bravery. At Cambrai they were the americans that advanced thru the heart of the city and cleared the place of machine guns.
Don't worry about coming over here stay in school that is your service to your country. I am in good health and ready to come home after the war but not before, I will do my bit here. I was appointed for the officers, training camp this month for the third time but refused it, I will go later on in the year I want to stay on the front as long as the war lasts. Be good and study HARD have a good time and write often.
Love to all, Albert. Corp. Albert P. Smith Hq. Co. 115 F.A. American Expdt. France.n
War MusuemWar Musuem
Imperial War Museum's Online Exhibit Battle of the Somme
British Soldiers’ KitBritish Soldiers’ Kit British Soldiers' Kit
The soldiers who attacked on the Somme on 1 July 1916 are sometimes portrayed as being laden with a pack weighing over 66lbs (30kg). While it is true that the British soldier’s load in full ‘marching order’ exceeded 66lbs, the initial fighting waves on the Somme were more lightly equipped. Official records and photographic evidence show what was worn and carried. By the start of the Battle every British soldier had been issued with a steel helmet.
The War Diary of 94th Brigade (The National Archives WO95/2363), which attacked at Serre, specified the following clothing and equipment for 1 July 1916:
Dress – Marching order without packs, groundsheet rolled on the belt with the mess tin on top, haversack on the back.
Each man carries 170 rounds of SAA [small arms ammunition] – 120 in pouches and 1 bandolier
containing 50 rounds. 4 bombs, 4 [empty] sandbags Gas helmet (rolled under steel helmet) 1 complete day’s rations in addition to Iron Rations. Tin disc tied to the outside of the haversack with string (this was intended to reflect light so that senior
commanders and artillery spotters could keep track of the advancing waves advancing wave
Trench WarfareTrench Warfare
British infantry knee deep in mud.
An Australian trench at Messines Ridge.
An abandoned German trench
at Messines Ridge.
Officers walking through a flooded communication trench.
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The First TanksThe First Tanks
WWI Poetry: Wilfred Owen: “Dulce et Decorum Est”WWI Poetry: Wilfred Owen: “Dulce et Decorum Est” Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed
through sludge, Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs And towards our distant rest began to trudge. Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind; Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots Of tired, outstripped Five-Nines that dropped
behind.
Gas! GAS! Quick, boys! -- An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time; But someone still was yelling out and stumbling
And flound'ring like a man in fire or lime . . . Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light, As under I green sea, I saw him drowning.
In all my dreams, before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.
If in some smothering dreams you too could pace Behind the wagon that we flung him in, And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin; If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, -- My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori
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The Armenian GenocideThe Armenian Genocide
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Artists’ DepictionsArtists’ Depictions
DesperationDesperation
Political CartoonsPolitical Cartoons
Political Cartoons Cont.Political Cartoons Cont.
EnlistmentEnlistment
Political CartoonsPolitical Cartoons
Suez CanalSuez Canal
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QuotationsQuotations "Yesterday I visited the battlefield of last year. The place was scarcely recognisable. Instead of a wilderness of
ground torn up by shell, the ground was a garden of wild flowers and tall grasses. Most remarkable of all was the appearance of many thousands of white butterflies which fluttered around. It was as if the souls of the dead soldiers had come to haunt the spot where so many fell. It was eerie to see them. And the silence! It was so still that I could almost hear the beat of the butterflies' wings." - a British officer, 1919.ﾊ
"The First World War killed fewer victims than the Second World War, destroyed fewer buildings, and uprooted millions instead of tens of millions - but in many ways it left even deeper scars both on the mind and on the map of Europe. The old world never recovered from the shock." - Edmond Taylor, in "The Fossil Monarchies"ﾊ
"Soldiers! Heroes! The supreme command has erased our regiment from its records. Our regiment has been sacrificed for the honor of Belgrade and the Fatherland. Therefore, you no longer have to worry for your lives - they do not exist anymore. So, forward to glory! For King and Homeland! Long live the king! Long live Belgrade!" ﾑ major Dragutin Gavrilovic, to defenders of Belgrade in First World Warﾊ In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below.- Canadian lieutenant colonel John McCrae, from the poem "In Flanders Fields”
What passing-bells for these who die as cattle?Only the monstrous anger of the guns.- Wilfred Owen, from Anthem for Doomed Youth"Gott strafe England" was a common slogan of the German Army, which means "May God punish England".ﾊ"In war-time the word patriotism means suppression of truth." - Siegfried Sassoon in 'Memoirs of an Infantry Officer'.ﾊ"In war there are three courses of action open to the enemy, and he usually chooses the fourth." - General Helmuth von Moltke'.ﾊ"We will support Britain to the last man and the last shilling." - Andrew Fisher, Australian Prime Minister at the outbreak of the war.ﾊﾊ
