what are the effects of european settlement in the americas?
TRANSCRIPT
What are the What are the effects of European effects of European settlement in the settlement in the
Americas?Americas?
As Europeans came, in greater numbers, to settle the land in the Americas, their presence had a tremendous effect on the native peoples who were living here. And, the native peoples’ life in the Americas provided lots for the Europeans to use as well
the effects of European the effects of European settlement settlement
Food ExchangeFood Exchange Almost immediately, Native Americans and Almost immediately, Native Americans and
Europeans exchanged knowledge about Europeans exchanged knowledge about food items.food items.
Items exchanged between Indians and EuropeansItems exchanged between Indians and Europeans From Europeans to Indians From Indians to From Europeans to Indians From Indians to
EuropeansEuropeans - - bananasbananas - catfish- catfish
- cattle- cattle - chocolate- chocolate- chickens- chickens - pineapple- pineapple- horses- horses - potatoes- potatoes- pigs- pigs - pumpkins/squash- pumpkins/squash- sheep- sheep - sweet potatoes- sweet potatoes- sugarcane- sugarcane - tomatoes- tomatoes- wheat- wheat - tobacco- tobacco
Effect!Effect!
Over time, the diets of Over time, the diets of both Native Americans both Native Americans and Europeans widened and Europeans widened as a greater variety of as a greater variety of food became available.food became available.
Native WeaponsNative Weapons
The bow and arrow The bow and arrow and spear servedand spear servedNative Americans Native Americans quite well. With quite well. With them, Indians them, Indians hunted for food hunted for food and went to and went to battle.battle.
European WeaponsEuropean Weapons
European settlersEuropean settlers
introduced the introduced the rifle.rifle.
When they huntedWhen they hunted
for food or wentfor food or went
to battle, the rifleto battle, the rifle
made themmade them
successful.successful.
Effect!Effect!Over time, the European Over time, the European
weapons proved stronger and weapons proved stronger and more powerful than Indian more powerful than Indian
spears and bows and arrows. spears and bows and arrows. The nature of hunting and The nature of hunting and
warfare changed and Native warfare changed and Native Americans traded for Americans traded for
European-style weapons European-style weapons whenever they could.whenever they could.
Native VillagesNative Villages This is a Catawba village. Homes This is a Catawba village. Homes were arranged in a circle but there were arranged in a circle but there is no boundary around the village – is no boundary around the village –
to keep people out.to keep people out.
English VillagesEnglish Villages
English villages were small and English villages were small and fortified with walls to keep Native fortified with walls to keep Native Americans at a distance. This is Americans at a distance. This is Jamestown in the early 1600s.Jamestown in the early 1600s.
Effect!Effect!Over time, the landscape changed as Over time, the landscape changed as
the number of European the number of European communities increased and communities increased and
resembled the cities of Europe while resembled the cities of Europe while Indian settlements were destroyed Indian settlements were destroyed
or pushed to the west. Also, or pushed to the west. Also, Europeans held on to their idea of Europeans held on to their idea of “land ownership” while the Native “land ownership” while the Native Americans did not have the idea of Americans did not have the idea of ownership; the land was used as a ownership; the land was used as a
person needed it.person needed it.
Native American Spiritual Native American Spiritual LifeLife
Native Americans Native Americans had strong had strong
spiritual lives spiritual lives and prayed for and prayed for
rain, for sun, for rain, for sun, for healthy children – healthy children –
for all good for all good things in their things in their
lives.lives.
Puritan Religion of New Puritan Religion of New EnglandEngland
Puritans hoped to bring Puritans hoped to bring Christianity to the Native Christianity to the Native
Americans in Massachusetts – to Americans in Massachusetts – to change the religion.change the religion.
Catholic Religion in the Catholic Religion in the SouthwestSouthwest Spanish settlers hoped to convert Spanish settlers hoped to convert
Native Americans in the Native Americans in the Southwest to Christianity.Southwest to Christianity.
Effect!Effect!
Over time, European settlers Over time, European settlers tried to change the religious tried to change the religious lives of Native Americans by lives of Native Americans by
forcing them to be Christians. forcing them to be Christians. Not surprisingly, native Not surprisingly, native
peoples resisted all efforts to peoples resisted all efforts to convert them to Christianity.convert them to Christianity.
Native LanguagesNative LanguagesThere were There were as many as as many as 300 native 300 native languages languages spoken at spoken at
time of time of encounter.encounter.
European Languages European Languages AddedAdded
You can predict that the European settlers You can predict that the European settlers brought with them the languages they had brought with them the languages they had grown up with: Spanish, French, Dutch, grown up with: Spanish, French, Dutch, Portuguese, and English. Portuguese, and English.
Many of our cities have European names:Many of our cities have European names: Scituate and Natick are Indian words. Scituate and Natick are Indian words. San Francisco and Los Angeles are Spanish San Francisco and Los Angeles are Spanish
words.words. Quebec and Trois Rivieres are French words.Quebec and Trois Rivieres are French words. Plymouth and Needham are English words.Plymouth and Needham are English words. Catskills and Poughkeepsie are Dutch words.Catskills and Poughkeepsie are Dutch words.
Effect!Effect!
Over time, Native American Over time, Native American languages disappeared from languages disappeared from common use and European common use and European
languages, especially English, languages, especially English, became widely used. Names of became widely used. Names of places still may retain Indian places still may retain Indian
names, as well as a small number of names, as well as a small number of words like moccasins. Otherwise words like moccasins. Otherwise
this has become a nation that this has become a nation that speaks European languages.speaks European languages.
RelatingRelating
Trade was one Trade was one important way important way
the Native the Native Americans and Americans and
Europeans Europeans related with one related with one another and both another and both
sides saw the sides saw the benefit.benefit.
RelatingRelating William Penn knew it was William Penn knew it was
important to have a good important to have a good relationship with the native relationship with the native people.people.
RelatingRelating The Pilgrims wished to thank the The Pilgrims wished to thank the
Native Americans who had helped Native Americans who had helped them survive them survive
the first year inthe first year in this new land.this new land. This painting is This painting is a picture of thea picture of the feast of givingfeast of giving thanks.thanks.
RelatingRelating But there were plenty of difficult But there were plenty of difficult
times, too. Not surprisingly, the times, too. Not surprisingly, the native peoples were angry when native peoples were angry when
Europeans tookEuropeans took their land. Thetheir land. The Europeans Europeans pushed native pushed native people further people further and further to theand further to the west.west.
Effect!Effect!
European settlers related differently to European settlers related differently to Native Americans. The Spanish Native Americans. The Spanish
generally wanted to control them. The generally wanted to control them. The French and Dutch wanted to trade with French and Dutch wanted to trade with
them. The English were generally them. The English were generally satisfied to live side-by-side and were satisfied to live side-by-side and were glad for whatever help they could get glad for whatever help they could get from the native peoples. They were, from the native peoples. They were,
though, cautious and typically wanted though, cautious and typically wanted to change Indians’ ways to match their to change Indians’ ways to match their
own.own.
It was probably inevitable that It was probably inevitable that life for both the native peoples life for both the native peoples and Europeans would change and Europeans would change
forever when their cultures and forever when their cultures and ways of life met. The United ways of life met. The United States, today, still reaps the States, today, still reaps the
effects of the encounter effects of the encounter between these people that between these people that
happened more than 500 years happened more than 500 years ago.ago.
Continuing Effect(s)Continuing Effect(s)
The English language is the predominant The English language is the predominant language in the United States, even language in the United States, even
today. French is spoken in some parts of today. French is spoken in some parts of Canada while English is spoken in other Canada while English is spoken in other parts. Spanish is spoken in most South parts. Spanish is spoken in most South
American and Caribbean countries.American and Caribbean countries.
Christianity, the predominant religion of Christianity, the predominant religion of the European countries that settled the the European countries that settled the
United States, remains a strong United States, remains a strong influence in the lives of many people.influence in the lives of many people.
Continuing Effect(s)Continuing Effect(s)
Architecture in the southwest resembles Architecture in the southwest resembles Spanish architecture of Europe; Spanish architecture of Europe;
architecture along the Mississippi River architecture along the Mississippi River resembles French architecture of resembles French architecture of
Europe.Europe.
Our diet, today, reflects much European Our diet, today, reflects much European influence. It includes many wheat influence. It includes many wheat products (bread, cake), beef and products (bread, cake), beef and
chicken, all introduced by Europeans chicken, all introduced by Europeans who settled in the Americas.who settled in the Americas.
Continuing Effect(s)Continuing Effect(s)
When you see signs indicating a When you see signs indicating a town boundary, remember that town boundary, remember that the concept of borders and land the concept of borders and land
ownership was brought here ownership was brought here from Europe and remains today.from Europe and remains today.
The effects of European The effects of European settlement are still with us settlement are still with us
today.today.
Continuing Effect(s)Continuing Effect(s)
QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?