what is a plant? multicellular autotroph sounds like it could be a protist so far. and the embryo...
DESCRIPTION
Pollen (male sperm) lands on the female stigma Pollen travels down to the ovary and fertilizes the ovules (egg) Develops into a seedTRANSCRIPT
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What is a plant?• Multicellular• Autotroph
• Sounds like it could be a protist so far.
• And the embryo develops within the mother plant.
• Plants evolved from green algae
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Flower Parts
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•Pollen (male sperm) lands on the female stigma
•Pollen travels down to the ovary and fertilizes the ovules (egg)
•Develops into a seed
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What happens when a flower dies?
• When a ovule becomes fertilized, the flower is no longer needed.
• The petals fall off, and the seed needs some protection.
• The ovary forms into a fleshy body to protect the seed.
• A fruit is an ovary that has enlarged to protect a seed!
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Seeds can be protected in different ways.
• When plants bear seeds that are ‘naked’, meaning not enclosed in an ovary they are called a______________.
• When seeds are protected in a fruit, they are classified as a/n _____________.
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Do grasses have fruits?• Grasses have
fruits!• Corn• Rice
• Wheat
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Seed Anatomy
See board for more info
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Seed Dispersal• Seeds have adapted so make it easier
for them to land in different places and eventually grow into a new plant.
• Stick to animals ( Burrs)• Edible fruits (fruits)• Travel by wind or water
(helicopters/maple seeds, dandelions)
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Seed Germination
• When a plant begins to grow, it needs favorable conditions.
• They must soak up water!!• By taking up water, the seed
expands and splits its seed coat.
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Asexual Reproduction
• Remember cloning???• Asexual reproduction in plants is
called vegetative reproduction.• Many plants drop stems or shoots that
develop into new plants (same DNA), and strawberries send out runners.
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Anybody like to have beautiful flowers but not want to have to plant them
year after year?• Annuals – complete their life cycle
(germinate, grow, produce flowers and seeds, and die) in one year.
• Biennials complete the cycle in two years and flower the second year.
• Perennials live and reproduce for many years.
• Which type of flower would you plant and why?
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Plant structure
•Buds – undeveloped shoots • (terminal =end of a stem)•Blade – main part of the leaf•Petiole – connects leaf to the
stem•Leaf veins – carry nutrients
to/from leaves
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Root types
• Fibrous roots – a mat of thin roots spread out below the surface providing increased exposure to nutrients and water
• Tap roots – characterized by one large vertical root with many smaller branches
ex. carrots, turnips, and beets
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Stems – support and transportation• Vascular tissue – tubular cells used for
transporting materials (like human veins)
• Two Types – – Xylem – transports water and dissolved
minerals upward from roots into the shoots
– Phloem – transports food (glucose) made in the leaves down to the parts that don’t make their own food (roots)
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Plant GrowthWhen a plant grows in
length, this is called primary growth.
Meristems – tissues that have cells going through mitosis
Where is growth occurring?
What protects the root?-Root cap
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If primary growth is growth in length, what is secondary growth?
• Secondary growth is growth in width• Occurs in woody plants• Vascular cambium (actively going through
mitosis) adds cells resulting in secondary growth
• secondary xylem – wood• everything outside the vascular
cambium is bark (made up of cork)
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What are tree rings?
• Each year, the plant grows new vascular cambium cells.
• In the summer, there is plenty of water to transport therefore the cells are _______.
• Towards summer and fall, there is less water, and the cells are _______.
• This creates a new tree ring each year.
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Oxygen out and carbon dioxide in
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Tropisms
• Gravitropism – roots grow towards gravity
• Phototropism – stems and leaves grow towards light (photo)