when mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you!
DESCRIPTION
When mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you!. Present day. 200 million years ago. Goals. Cycles – what your textbook ISN’T telling you Study graphs from scientific article & draw conclusions Give you real data to graph & draw conclusions . biogeochemistry. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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200 million years agoPresent day
When mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you!
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Goals
• Cycles – what your textbook ISN’T telling you
• Study graphs from scientific article & draw conclusions
• Give you real data to graph & draw conclusions
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biogeochemistry
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The Water Cycle
Image: Campbell, N. and J. Reece. AP Edition Biology. 7th Ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
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The Carbon CycleV
Organic
Image: Campbell, N. and J. Reece. AP Edition Biology. 7th Ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
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200 million years ago
Mountain matter movement
Images: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Everest_as_seen_from_Drukair2_PLW_edit.jpg, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Appalachian_Mountains.jpg, http://www.dec.ny.gov/education/92668.html
Present day
Weathering
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Limestone, not your average rock
Image: http://www.orionstonewholesale.com/lake-michigan-limestone/, www.tums.com
Limestone=
calcium carbonate
= CaCO3
=Inorganic C
What happens
to the
carbon?!
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What does this limestone businesshave to do with us
Michiganders?
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Reason #1: The world’s largest limestone quarry
Images: Google maps.
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Limestone = calcium carbonate
Coccolithophore – marine phytoplankton
Coral reef
Tube-building marine worm
Mollusc
Nautilus
“inorganic”
carbon
Reason #1 (con’t) why is there limestone in Michigan?
300 million
years ago
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Reason #2: Row crop agriculture
Images: KBS LTER/Julie Doll & http://nolandfarms.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/[email protected].
“Lime” = crushed limestone (CaCO3) AKA calcite or
crushed dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2)
Lime buffers soil pH
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CO2 + NO3- + Ca2+
HNO3
N fertilizer
CO2
Ca2+ + 2HCO3-
H2CO3
Export to streams
Ca2+, NO3-
Export to streamsCa2+, HCO3
-
Lime
CaCO3
CO 2
source
CO2 sink
Respiration by roots & microbes
Lime weathering buffers (tummy &) soil pH
Image: Bonnie McGill, tums.com
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Mississippi River Basin (watershed)
Image: http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-076-02/
Dr. Peter Raymond
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A
B
HCO
3- con
cent
ratio
n (m
g C/
L)
C
Tota
l mas
s of
HCO
3- exp
orte
d (1
03 g/y
r)
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1953
Ohio River
Mississippi River
Rainfall
Ohio River
Mississippi River
2003 More rainfall & tile drains
Ohio River
Mississippi River
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1 mL = 20 mg C / L
1 mL = 10 mg C / L
More rainfall
?
1 mL = 20 mg C / L
0.5 L -
1.0 L -
EXPORT: 20 mg/L * 0.5 L = 10 mg 10 mg/L * 1 L = 10 mg 20 mg/L * 1 L = 20 mg ?
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A
B
HCO
3- con
cent
ratio
n (m
g C/
L)
C
Tota
l mas
s of
HCO
3- exp
orte
d (1
03 g/y
r)
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1. Why is the alkalinity not being diluted by the increased water?
2. What else has changed in the Mississippi watershed since 1953?
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Graphing steps1. Plot points.2. Use ruler to draw trend line.3. Give your graph a title.4. What conclusions can you draw from the graph?
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 800
5
10
15
20
25
% Cropland
HCO
3- e
xpor
t (g
C m
-2
yr-1
)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 9002468
101214161820
% Forest
HCO
3- e
xpor
t (g
C m
-2
yr-1
)
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Conclusions
2. Whether weathering mountains, liming ag soils or eating TUMS: C is neither created nor destroyed, it enters a different phase—dissolved HCO3
- or CO2 gas—of the C cycle.
3. Ecosystem ecology is the study of natural processes (such as weathering) and cycles (such as C cycle) at large scales (such as the Mississippi River Basin).
1. Agricultural lime is both a source of CO2 to the atmosphere and a sink for C (as HCO3
- or alkalinity in water).
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This lesson was brought to you by the KBS GK-12 Partnership. For more information go to:
http://kbsgk12project.kbs.msu.edu/lessons/