WHERE DID SERVICES ORIGINATE? Chapter 12.1

Three Types of Services • Consumer services (44% of all jobs in USA)

• Retail and Wholesale (15%)• Education (10%)• Health (12%)• Leisure and Hospitality (10%)

• Business services (24% of all jobs in USA) • Financial (6%)

• FIRE: Finance, Insurance, Real Estate

• Professional (12%) • ½ are in technical services: Law, management, accounting, architecture,

engineering, design, consulting • ½ are in support services: clerical, secretarial, custodial

• Public services (17%) • Provide protection and security for citizens and businesses

Early Rural Settlements: Consumer Services

• Early permanent settlements established to offer consumer services• Places to bury the dead • Permanent resting place for the dead permanent priests to

perform the service encourage building of structures• Settlement and gender roles

• Household based services evolved into schools, libraries, theaters, museums

• Settlements= manufacturing centers: tools, clothing, shelter, containers, fuel

• Trading occurred once people became skilled in an area

Early Rural Settlements: Public Services

• Followed religious activities • Soldiers stationed in the settlement to attack invaders

• Centers for military powers

Early Rural Settlements: Business Services

• Trade because not every group had access to the same resources.

• Settlements= trade centers and warehouses to store extra food

• Types of service jobs: regulating the terms of transaction, setting fair prices, keeping records, creating a currency system.

Services in Early Urban Settlements: Ancient Cities • Earliest:

• Ur in Mesopotamia (present day Iraq)• Titris Hoyuk (present day Turkey)

• Urban settlements- houses built around a central courtyard; palaces, temples and other buildings in the center; multiple cooking areas suggested extended families lived together.

• Ancient Athens • City-states: independent self-governing communities that included

the settlement and surrounding countryside.

• Ancient Rome• Settlements were centers of administration, military, retail services,

trade

Services in Early Urban Settlements: Services in Medieval Cities• Feudalism revived urban settlements in Europe in the 11th

century • Lords gave residents rights to establish cities in exchange for

military service • Urban dwellers expanded trade in the cities

• Trade between different settlements enhanced roads and rivers

• Densely built • Worlds largest cities were in Asia, not Europe from the fall of the

Roman Empire to the Industrial Revolution