Willaim Blake

“The Chimney Sweeper” from

Songs of Innocence

& Songs of Experience

Outline

William Blake “The Chimney

Sweeper” (Innocence) “The Chimney

Sweeper” (Experience)

William Blake an English writer, poet, and

illustrator of the Romantic period;

Had visions of angels as a child;

1787 the technique of "illuminated writing," or relief-etching.

Songs of Innocence (1789) 1797 –Songs of Innocence

and of Experience ("the two Contrary States of the Human Soul." )

Image source: http://members.aol.com/lshauser2/wmblake.html

Songs of Innocence and of Experience Both innocence and

experience are necessary states in the development of the human spirit. We are all born innocents, but when we begin to recognize evil or wrong, and are inevitably tempted by it, we pass into a state of experience.

Higher Innocence: with childlike trust and vision.

See clips 16:00 (on his art 10:50), YouTube video

Questions: “Chimney Sweeper” (Innocence)

1) Is the speaker in the poem completely innocent, for instance, when he tells Tom that when his hair is shaved, “the soot cannot spoil your white hair.“

2) How are the images of black and white used in this poem, and in its companion poem in Songs of Experience?

3) What do you think about Tom’s dream? Which is more comforting, the speaker’s words or this dream?

Questions: “Chimney Sweeper” (Innocence)

4) What do you think about the ending of the poem?

Though the morning was cold, Tom was happy and warm;So if all do their duty they need not fear harm. 

Questions: “Chimney Sweeper” (Experience)

Why is the chimney sweeper called “A little black thing among the snow”?

What tone does he take when speaking about his parents?

What does he mean when he says that those that are praised, “God and his Priest and King” “make up a heaven of [their] misery.”

Songs of Innocence-The Chimney Sweeper

When my mother died I was very young,And my father sold me while yet my tongueCould scarcely cry 'weep! 'weep! 'weep! 'weep!So your chimneys I sweep, and in soot I sleep.

There's little Tom Dacre, who cried when his head,That curled like a lamb's back, was shaved: so I said,"Hush, Tom! never mind it, for when your head's bare,You know that the soot cannot spoil your white hair."

And so he was quiet; and that very night,As Tom was a-sleeping, he had such a sight, - That thousands of sweepers, Dick, Joe, Ned, and Jack,Were all of them locked up in coffins of black.."

And by came an angel who had a bright key,And he opened the coffins and set them all free;Then down a green plain leaping, laughing, they run,And wash in a river, and shine in the sun.

Then naked and white, all their bags left behind,They rise upon clouds and sport in the wind;And the angel told Tom, if he'd be a good boy,He'd have God for his father, and never want joy.

And so Tom awoke; and we rose in the dark,And got with our bags and our brushes to work.Though the morning was cold, Tom was happy and warm;So if all do their duty they need not fear harm. 

The Chimney Sweeper (experience) A little black thing among the snow,Crying "weep! 'weep!" in notes of woe!"Where are thy father and mother? say?""They are both gone up to the church to pray.

Because I was happy upon the heath,And smil'd among the winter's snow,They clothed me in the clothes of death,And taught me to sing the notes of woe.

And because I am happy and dance and sing,They think they have done me no injury,And are gone to praise God and his Priest and King,Who make up a heaven of our misery."

References

video analysis: How to analyze a poem , another lecture

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