Mother Teresa Institute of Science and TechnologySathupally

(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University; Hyderabad .

Submitted by:-SWAPNA

Wireless Electricity Wireless Electricity TransmissionTransmission

OutlineOutline

• Introduction.Introduction.• Background.Background.• Microwave Power Transmission And Reception Microwave Power Transmission And Reception

Technique.Technique.• Current Design of Rectenna.Current Design of Rectenna.• Advantage of Using Microwaves For Wireless Advantage of Using Microwaves For Wireless

Electricity Transmission.Electricity Transmission.• System Losses Of Wired Electricity System Losses Of Wired Electricity

Transmission. Transmission. • Advantages Of Wireless Electricity Advantages Of Wireless Electricity

Transmission.Transmission.• Disadvantages Of Wireless Electricity Disadvantages Of Wireless Electricity

Transmission. Transmission. • Issues And Conclusions.Issues And Conclusions.

•Wireless Electrical Transmission as the name Wireless Electrical Transmission as the name shows is the Transmission of Electrical Energy shows is the Transmission of Electrical Energy without wires to any place on Earth. Even to without wires to any place on Earth. Even to the most remote areas.the most remote areas.

•The Electrical energy is first converted into The Electrical energy is first converted into Microwaves then beamed to a Geosynchronous Microwaves then beamed to a Geosynchronous satellite and Beamed back on Earth where satellite and Beamed back on Earth where needed and converted back to electrical needed and converted back to electrical energy. Where it can be used to power energy. Where it can be used to power Electrical Equipments.Electrical Equipments.

IntroductionIntroduction

Electric Energy TransferAn electric current flowing through a conductor, such as a

wire, carries electrical energy.  When an electric current passes through a circuit there is an electric field in the dielectric surrounding the conductor; magnetic field lines around the conductor and lines of electric force radially about the conductor.

Current circuit, if the current is continuous, the fields are constant; there is a condition of stress in the space surrounding the conductor, which represents stored electric and magnetic energy, just as a compressed spring or a moving mass represents stored energy a direct

BackgroundBackgroundNikola Tesla (1856-1943) The Father of Wireless Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) The Father of Wireless Electricity.Electricity.

                          

  

Tesla's many inventions include high-frequency generators (1890) and the Tesla coil (1891), a transformer with important applications in the field of radio communications

                     

  

TeslaWirelessPower1891

Wireless transmission of power and energy demonstration during his 1891 lecture on high frequency and potential.

Tesla's Wardenclyffe plant on Long Island in 1904. From this facility, Tesla hoped to demonstrate wireless transmission of electrical energy across the Atlantic

InnovationsInnovations• Alternating Current.Alternating Current.• Wireless Power Transmission Experiments at Wireless Power Transmission Experiments at

Wardenclyffe.Wardenclyffe. In 1899 Nikola Tesla was able In 1899 Nikola Tesla was able

to light lamps over 25 miles away without using to light lamps over 25 miles away without using wires. Also the high frequency current of tesla coil, wires. Also the high frequency current of tesla coil, could light lamps filled with gas (like Neon).could light lamps filled with gas (like Neon).

1940s to Present1940s to Present • World war II developed ability to convert energy to World war II developed ability to convert energy to

microwave using magnetron but no method to microwave using magnetron but no method to convert microwave back to electricity.convert microwave back to electricity.

• In 1964 William. C Brown demonstrated a In 1964 William. C Brown demonstrated a Rectenna which would convert Microwaves Power Rectenna which would convert Microwaves Power to Electricity.to Electricity.

Wireless Electricity Transmission And Wireless Electricity Transmission And Reception Using MicrowavesReception Using Microwaves

Microwaves generated using the Magnetron from the base Microwaves generated using the Magnetron from the base station can be received at any location on Earth with the station can be received at any location on Earth with the help of Geosynchronous Receiving and Transmitting help of Geosynchronous Receiving and Transmitting Satellites.Satellites.

Advantages of Low Orbit And Geosynchronous Satellites:Advantages of Low Orbit And Geosynchronous Satellites:* These satellites will use microwaves to beam power to * These satellites will use microwaves to beam power to the receiving station and mobile power receiving the receiving station and mobile power receiving devices.devices.* Since The low Orbit Microwave Beam Would spread less, * Since The low Orbit Microwave Beam Would spread less, the ground based Rectenna could be smaller.the ground based Rectenna could be smaller.

Microwave Power Transmission And Microwave Power Transmission And Reception TechniqueReception Technique

Recent Developments Suggest that power could be sent Recent Developments Suggest that power could be sent to Earth using Laser also.to Earth using Laser also.

The power can be received at Rectenna which will be The power can be received at Rectenna which will be located on Earth, Comprising a mesh of dipoles and located on Earth, Comprising a mesh of dipoles and diodes for absorbing microwave energy from a diodes for absorbing microwave energy from a transmitter and converting it back into electrical power. transmitter and converting it back into electrical power. 95% of the Microwave Beam will fall on the Rectenna.95% of the Microwave Beam will fall on the Rectenna.

Location of RectennaLocation of Rectenna:: The Rectenna should be The Rectenna should be located near population center to facilitate the located near population center to facilitate the transmission of electricity. transmission of electricity.

Rectenna DesignRectenna Design

• 5000 Mw Receiving Station (Rectenna). 5000 Mw Receiving Station (Rectenna). This station is about a Mile and Half long.This station is about a Mile and Half long.

• The Rectenna Would be Visually Transparent so that it The Rectenna Would be Visually Transparent so that it would not interfere with Plant life.would not interfere with Plant life.

Advantages of Using Microwaves for Advantages of Using Microwaves for Wireless Electricity TransmissionWireless Electricity Transmission

• High Efficiency Up to 85% .High Efficiency Up to 85% .• Power Level is Well Below International safety Power Level is Well Below International safety

standard.standard.• Beam is far below the lethal levels of Beam is far below the lethal levels of

concentrations even for a prolonged exposure.concentrations even for a prolonged exposure.• Frequency is up to 2.45 GHz of the Micro Beam.Frequency is up to 2.45 GHz of the Micro Beam.• Retro-directive Beam Control capability.Retro-directive Beam Control capability.• No Air Or water Pollution is Created.No Air Or water Pollution is Created.• During Generation power can be Beamed to the During Generation power can be Beamed to the

location Where it is needed.location Where it is needed.• We don’t have to invest in a large Electrical Grid. We don’t have to invest in a large Electrical Grid. • If Microwave Beams Carrying power could be If Microwave Beams Carrying power could be

beamed uniformly over the earth they could power beamed uniformly over the earth they could power cell phones, but the antenna length should be 25-cell phones, but the antenna length should be 25-30 cm square.30 cm square.

System Losses Of Wired Electricity System Losses Of Wired Electricity TransmissionTransmission

36.3GJ Electricity Grid10%

Distribution/Transmission

32.7 GJCustomer

PowerSupply 40%

19.6 GJWe lose, on average, 80% of the energy we extract when

using it for electronic products

Advantages Of Wireless Electricity Advantages Of Wireless Electricity TransmissionTransmission

• Power Loss is very less as compared to Wired Power Loss is very less as compared to Wired Electricity Transmission.Electricity Transmission.

• There is no need of Transmission Lines.There is no need of Transmission Lines.

• Health and Environmental Experiments claim Health and Environmental Experiments claim that Wireless Electricity Transmission Using that Wireless Electricity Transmission Using Microwaves and laser is safe.Microwaves and laser is safe.

Disadvantages of wireless Electricity Disadvantages of wireless Electricity TransmissionTransmission

• The Size of Rectenna will be Massive.The Size of Rectenna will be Massive.

• Would Require a Network of Would Require a Network of hundreds of satellites.hundreds of satellites.

• The Cost of this Prototype Project Will The Cost of this Prototype Project Will Be $74 Billion approx. Be $74 Billion approx.

• Interference with other Electronic Interference with other Electronic Devices will be there.Devices will be there.

IssuesIssues

• More Reliable Than Ground Based Solar Power More Reliable Than Ground Based Solar Power Generation.Generation.

• More Reliable Than Wired Electricity Transmission.More Reliable Than Wired Electricity Transmission.• In Order To Have Wireless Electricity Transmission In Order To Have Wireless Electricity Transmission

To Become a Reality, Following Things Have To To Become a Reality, Following Things Have To Happen:Happen:

#Government Support.#Government Support.#Cheaper Launch Prices.#Cheaper Launch Prices.#Involvement Of The Private Sector.#Involvement Of The Private Sector.

• Who will Fund?Who will Fund?

NASA:NASA: Funding The research, in charge of space Funding The research, in charge of space flight for the United States Of America.flight for the United States Of America.

NASA:NASA: Would be launching the satellites and Would be launching the satellites and doing Maintenance. doing Maintenance.

ConclusionConclusion

THANK YOU TO ALL OF

YOU