WMO / COST 718WMO / COST 718

Expert Meeting on Expert Meeting on

Weather, Climate and FarmersWeather, Climate and Farmers

15-18 November 200415-18 November 2004

Geneva, SwitzerlandGeneva, Switzerland

Combining Earth Combining Earth Observation Data into a Observation Data into a

Crop Meteorological Crop Meteorological Damage Alert System Damage Alert System

((Calamities Information System)Calamities Information System)

Calamities Information Calamities Information SystemSystem

An integrated system for the An integrated system for the observation of climate hazard observation of climate hazard phenomena in agriculture through the phenomena in agriculture through the InternetInternet

A data combination model to estimate A data combination model to estimate the crop damage and the farmers the crop damage and the farmers compensation compensation

outlineoutline The goal is to monitor vegetation condition and The goal is to monitor vegetation condition and

to evaluate the impact of climate hazards on to evaluate the impact of climate hazards on the environment and agriculture production. the environment and agriculture production.

The System combines Earth Observation data The System combines Earth Observation data with low resolution information in a ready-to-with low resolution information in a ready-to-use form.use form.

The system alerts the users, e.g. insurance The system alerts the users, e.g. insurance companies, to crop damage and aids them to companies, to crop damage and aids them to compensate farmers who have suffered. compensate farmers who have suffered.

Night Night frostfrost in early spring, late spring/summer in early spring, late spring/summer droughtdrought and and heat excess heat excess are the calamities are the calamities which the System addresses.which the System addresses.

outlineoutline The impact of climate hazards on vegetation condition The impact of climate hazards on vegetation condition

and subsequent damage is assessed using and subsequent damage is assessed using meteorologicalmeteorological and and Earth ObservationEarth Observation satellite data, as well as satellite data, as well as complementary information such as complementary information such as agricultural agricultural statisticsstatistics, , land use mapsland use maps, tables of , tables of phenological stagephenological stage by by region and region and ground dataground data measurements. measurements.

Many types of data, e.g. stratification maps, Many types of data, e.g. stratification maps, administrative boundaries and risk maps per type of administrative boundaries and risk maps per type of crop, are used and supplied depending on the calamity crop, are used and supplied depending on the calamity concerned. concerned.

In the case of frost and drought, data from a In the case of frost and drought, data from a meteorological network are used to aid in the meteorological network are used to aid in the interpretation of satellite imagery.interpretation of satellite imagery.

The methodology is adapted to each climate hazard The methodology is adapted to each climate hazard separately.separately.

outlineoutline The main scheme can be described as follows: The main scheme can be described as follows: Under normal conditions, a monitoring system runs Under normal conditions, a monitoring system runs

and systematically generates synoptic trends. and systematically generates synoptic trends. The monitoring system activates the alert system The monitoring system activates the alert system

whenever risk factors are detected. whenever risk factors are detected. The alert system automatically produces The alert system automatically produces

temperature maps of critical geographic temperature maps of critical geographic areas, areas,

maps of high risk areas, maps of high risk areas, maps of potential damages indication, maps of potential damages indication, maps of minimum and maximum maps of minimum and maximum

temperatures, temperatures, maps ofmaps of drought drought index calculation,index calculation, etc. etc.

These products are generated by a processing chain These products are generated by a processing chain and are put at disposal of the end-users. and are put at disposal of the end-users.

The end-users consult these products using an on-line The end-users consult these products using an on-line server.server.

METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY

Land Cover

Meteorological data

Meteorologicalsatellites

Biologicalstages...

Ground temperature map

High resolutionimages

DATA PROCESSINGAND ANALYSIS

MULTISCOPE

ON LINE INTERNETSERVER

Vegetation Index evolutions

TTechnical architectureechnical architectureTTechnical architectureechnical architecture

Internet networkEO, non EO and in-situ data

Data processing

tools

Dissemination server

CALIS data users

Test sites in France, Spain, Test sites in France, Spain, GreeceGreece

FROST : Basic maps of nightly temperature Maps of Min T° within a given period Maps of sensitive areas Maps with boundaries of Potential damages Comparison between CALIS results and Expertise results

DROUGHT, HEAT-EXCESS

Key deliverablesKey deliverables

ON LINE INTERNETSERVER

CALIS dataCALIS dataLand Cover dataLand Cover data Daily AVHRR data Daily AVHRR data

Hourly temperature measurements from ground meteorological stationsHourly temperature measurements from ground meteorological stations

CALIS dataCALIS data

Archive meteorological data (rainfall)Archive meteorological data (rainfall)

Crop calendarsCrop calendars

Crop resistance to the riskCrop resistance to the risk

Agro-meteorological regions limitsAgro-meteorological regions limits

Archive Ts and NDVI derived from AVHRR dataArchive Ts and NDVI derived from AVHRR data

CALISCALIS Server Products Server Products

High High TemperaturesTemperatures FrequencyFrequency

Minimum Minimum TemperaturesTemperatures DistributionDistribution

Risk Area and Impact Risk Area and Impact AssessmentAssessment

VCIVCI

TCITCI

RCIRCI

Drought IndexDrought Index

Night temperatures mapNight temperatures map

Sensitive areas mapSensitive areas map

Potential damages mapPotential damages map

Map of Heat excess Map of Heat excess temperaturestemperatures

CALIS

Thank youThank you