world economic geography instructor: dr. truong thi kim chuyen email:...
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World Economic Geography
Instructor: Dr. Truong Thi Kim Chuyen
Email: [email protected]
Weblog: www.socialscience09.wordpress.com
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World Economic GeographyPaul Knox (2008),The geography of the world
economy, Routledge; 5th editionNeil M.Coe, Phillip F Kelly, Henry W.C. Yeung (2007),
Economic Geography, Blackwell PublishingReadings: Fellmann – Getis - Getis (1998). Human
Geography: Landscapes of Human Activities. Brown & Benchmark.
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Course OutlineThe geography of the
world economyEconomic Geography
Conceptual foundations
01/ Conceptual foundations Page 1-25
Dynamics of economic space
02/ The changing world economy04/ Patterns of Development and Change05/ Services going global
03/ Commodity chainsPage 87-115
04’/ Technology 04’/ Technology and and agglomerationagglomeration
Actors in economic space
10/ International and supranational institutionalized integration
06/ The state Page 187-21907/ The transnational corporationPage 223-25108/ Labour power Page 254-28109/ Consumption
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04’/ 04’/ TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY AND AGGLOMERATION: AGGLOMERATION: DOES TECHNOLOGY DOES TECHNOLOGY
ERADICATE DISTANCE?ERADICATE DISTANCE?
Aims: To demonstrate how certain kinds of technologies can be used to transcend time and space
To appreciate the limits of the spatial impacts of technology on economic systems
To understand why proximity still matters of many different kinds of economic activity
To reflect on the importance of relational proximity in shaping contemporary economic geographies
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OUTLINEOUTLINE
Introduction The rise of “Placeless” Production? Understanding technological changes and their
geographical impacts Proximity matters: traded and untraded
interdependencies within clusters Neither here nor there: thinking relationally Summary
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IntroductionIntroduction
The end of geography Relational proximity Node in global networks
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The rise of “Placeless” Production?The rise of “Placeless” Production?
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Understanding technological changes and their Understanding technological changes and their geographical impactsgeographical impacts
Technology must be seen not as a technical process with a life of its own, but rather as a social process through which individuals and organizations deploy technologies to achieve certain ends.
Different kinds of technology: Space-shrinking transport and communications technologies
Different levels of technological change:
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Understanding technological changes and their Understanding technological changes and their geographical impactsgeographical impacts
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Technological change needs to be placed in a long-term or evolutionary perspective: The different spatial outcomes of each wave of new technology have interacted with patterns of activity left over form the preceding wave.
Space-shrinking technologies: Production process technologies:
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Space-shrinking technologies:- Transportation systems: The advent of commercial jet aircraft,
The advent of containerization- Communications systems: satellite and optical fibre
technology, the Internet, mobile telecommunications, electronic mass media
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Call centres Offshoring of services
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Production process technologies:- An appropriate technique of production needs to be
selected, and in particular to precise combination of labour and capital
- The scale of production must be determined.- The location of production needs to be decided
Over the past three decades, Fordism has been augmented by new modes of production, the chief
characteristic of which is production flexibility.
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Flexibly specialized production system are skilled craft workers using flexibly machinery to produce small volumes of customized goods
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Proximity matters: traded and untraded interdependencies within clusters
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Proximity matters: traded and untraded interdependencies within clusters
Agglomeration economies: urbanization economies, localization economies
Economic bases of agglomeration: traded interdependencies
- Vertical disintegration, - Core competencies The social and cultural determinants of
agglomeration: untraded interdependencies- Tacit knowledge- Codified knowledge
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Six interacting ways that knowledge is disseminated:- Staff turnover- Shared suppliers- Firm births and deaths- Informal collaboration- Industry gossip- Trackside observation
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A typology of agglomerations- Labour-intensive craft production clusters- Design-intensive craft production clusters- High-technology innovative clusters- Flexible production hub-and-spoke clusters- Production satellite clusters- Bussiness services clusters- State-anchored clusters
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Neither here nor there: thinking Neither here nor there: thinking relationallyrelationally
Global cities Nodes in global networks Institutional proximity Cultural proximity Organizational proximity Relational proximity
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SummarySummary
Interactions between new technologies and economic geography.
Internet is in reality full of spatial inequalities and contradictions of different kinds.
Technology can help to at least overcome geographic separation. The ability to move people, money, products, and technologies quickly, efficiently, and cheaply around the world has been highly significant in enabling the globalization of economic activity.
The contemporary global economy operates through complex combinations of near and distant relations, and technology plays an important but not determining, role in its operation.