world resources institute customization of emissions calculation tools: cement sector in india...

World Resources InstituteWorld Resources Institute

Customization of Emissions Calculation Tools:

CEMENT SECTOR IN INDIA

Prosanto PalThe Energy & Resources

InstituteBAQ 04 – Agra, India

07 December 2004

07 December 04 Emissions Quantification Tools: India

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GHG Protocol Initiative A Source-level Emission Quantification Tool

Jointly convened by the WBCSD (World Business Council for Sustainable Development) & the WRI (World Resources Institute)

Mission: to develop & promote internationally accepted GHG accounting & reporting standards through an open & inclusive multi-stakeholder process

Serves as the premier source of knowledge about corporate GHG accounting & reporting www.ghgprotocol.org

http://www.ghgprotocol.org/


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Emissions Quantification Tools

Building blocks of air quality management

Key to transition to market-based mechanisms

Simplifies measurement & reporting Helps in preparation of plant &

corporate GHG inventory data Maintains uniformity in reporting

procedures for GHG emissions Initial project countries:

India – cement sector Mexico – pulp & paper sector


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Customization: India

Partners:- USEPA-MoEF/CPCB- TERI- WRIPart of the USEPA-MoEF Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) & USG-GOI climate bilateral


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Coverage

Customization of GHG Protocol for Indian cement industry

Primary focus on GHG, viz. CO2, emissions from a cement plant in a financial year

Secondary focus on criteria pollutants (SO2)

Road testing at a cement plant in Himachal Pradesh


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Emission sources All forms of stationary combustion sources:

kilns, precalcinators, captive power plant (D.G. etc), driers etc.

Process related emissions: GHG emissions from process operations i.e. emission of CO2 due to calcination of raw materials

Emissions from mobile sources: company owned vehicles, locos, quarry equipment etc.

Indirect emissions (import and export of electricity)

For accounting GHG emissions at plant level, all emissions are classified as Scope (1/2/3).


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What is included in different Scopes?

Annual emissions from core operations

Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 On-site emissions, CO2

On-site emissions, other GHGs, if any

Net emissions from energy imports and exports (usually grid electricity)

Emissions from business travel, product transport, outsourcing of core-operations


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Structure of the customized tool

Consists of simple Excel spreadsheets & a guidance document to fill the worksheets

The Excel tool has independent worksheets to calculate emissions from various sources

Some worksheets in the tool: General plant information Custom emission factor for calcination Custom emission factor for fuel Direct process emissions


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Structure of the customized tool (contd.)

• Direct emissions from stationary combustion (kiln, precalcinator, DG set etc)

• Direct emissions from mobile

• Indirect electricity import

• Indirect clinker imports

• Summary inventory sheet

• Reference sheets (like unit conversion, default emission factors etc)


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USATel: 0091-11-24682100, 24682111, Tel: (1202) 729 7600Fax no. 0091-11-24682144, 24682145 Fax: (1202) 729 7610Attention: Mr Girish Sethi , Email: [email protected]

10G Street, NE (Suite 800)

Attention: Mr Pankaj Bhatia , Email:[email protected]

Before using this tool, the users are encouraged to refer to the revised edition of The Greenhouse Gas Protocol - A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (available at www.wri.org),which gives in detail the GHG accounting principles, guidelines for setting boundries and other related aspects .The users should also refer to the accompanying Guidance document for using this customised tool, which gives the purpose and scope of the customized tool and instructions for filling the different worksheets in his tool.

India Habitat CentreLodhi Road, New Delhi - 110003

The Energy and Resources Institute(TERI)

This tool is still in a draft stage and is being distributed for review and comments. The recipients of this draft tool are invited to submit their comments to TERI or WRI at the address given below:

World Resources institute (WRI)

C: Calculating CO2 emissions from the production of cement : clinker based methodology based on USEPA climatewise programD: IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories

Spreadsheets for Calculating GHG emissions from Indian cement Industry

Draft customized cement tool

This customized India specific cement sector tool has been developed by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi through a multi stakeholder consultative process involving interaction with different experts in the field. The tool is based upon the existing corporate GHG Inventory Protocol and tools developed by the World Resources Insitute (WRI), a Washington based NGO and World Buisness Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), a Geneva based coalition of international companies under their "The Greenhouse Gas Protocol" initiative. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has supported this attempt at preparing the first customized cement tool for India. This tool presents a simplistic approach for inventorising the CO2 emissions from a cement facility, which can then be extended to corporate level. The tool intends to facilitate the calculation of direct and indirect, CO2 and SO2 emissions from cement plants.

These spreadsheets include significant amounts of material copied from other WRI and WBCSD calculation tools.The spreadsheets in this tool specifically are based upon:

B: Climate Leaders Greenhouse gas Inventory Protocol- cement sector guidelinesA: Calculating CO2 emissions from production of cement - clinker based methodology based upon IPCC guidelines:The WBCSD CO2 Protocol


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Key data requirement

Annual clinker production

Annual fuel consumption data – source wise

Annual electricity purchased

Average clinker composition (CaO/ MgO content), raw material composition, carbon content and CV of coal – determine EFs

Average dust emissions from kiln stack


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Method 1: Clinker-Based Methodology

WORKSHEET: To Determine Direct Gross Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Cement Production Clinker-Based Methodology

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5A B C D E

Clinker Production(tonnes)

Carbon Dioxide Emission Factor for

clinker(kg CO2/tonne

clinker produced)

CKD lost (tonnes)

Carbon Dioxide Emissions Factor for

CKD (kg CO2/tonnes CKD

lost)

Carbon Dioxide Emissions(tonnes)

(A*B)/1000+(C*D)/1000)

0 0.00 0 0 0

Explanations:Column A: This value is taken from the sheet "Custom Process Emission Factor" and is given in units "tonnes of clinker produced"

Column B: The carbon dioxide emission factor for clinker (in kg /tonne clinker produced) as calculated in the worksheet "custom process emission factor" is used here.Use the default values of kg CO2 /tonne of clinker as given in the table of the "Default Emission Factor" sheet (based upon the location of the plant) only in case the plant specific figures are not available.

Column C: The CKD lost (tonnes) as calcualted in the worksheet "Custom process emission factor" is used here.Column D: The Carbon Dioxide emission factor for CKD (in kg CO2/tonne of CKD emitted) as calculated in the worksheet " custom process emission factor" is used here. Use a default values as given in the worksheet " Defaults emission factor" in case customized EF are not available.


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Method 2: Cement-Based Methodology

WORKSHEET: To Determine Direct Gross Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Cement Production Cement-Based Methodology

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

A B C D E F G

Cement Production(tonnes)

Clinker to Cement Ratio (%)

Tonne of Raw Material per

Tonne of Clinker

CaCO3 Equivalent Raw

Material Ratio (%)

CO2 to CaCO3

Stoichiometric Ratio

Carbon Dioxide Emissions Factor (tonne CO2/tonne

cement produced)

Annual Carbon Dioxide Emissions

(tonnes of CO2)

Constant B x C x D x E A x FExample>> 990000 95.00 1.50 78.00 0.44 0.49 484169

OPC 0 0.44 0.00 0PPC 0 0.44 0.00 0PSC 0 0.44 0.00 0

OTHERS 0 0.44 0.00 00.44 0.00 0

Default Values (to be used if plant specific values are not available )

Clinker to Cement Ratio (%) - 100% portland output 95%Clinker to cement ratio (%) - Portland Pozzolna Cement 75%Clinker to Cement Ratio (%) - Portland Slag cement 55%Tonne of Raw Material per Tonne of Clinker 1.50CaCO3 Equivalent to Raw Material Ratio (%) 78%

Total Carbon dioxide emissions

(tonnes)0Step 7

Step 6


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Next steps

Peer review by Indian & international experts

Roadtesting in a cement plant Outreach in cement sector Anchoring within cement

industry New projects for power plants

& iron & steel

For more information:“Customization of Emissions Calculation

Tools: Initial Results from the Cement Sector in India”

Katherine Sye Grover, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Girish Sethi,* The Energy & Resources InstituteProsanto Pal, The Energy & Resources InstitutePankaj Bhatia, World Resources Institute

* Corresponding author

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