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© 2020 IJRAR February 2020, Volume 7, Issue 1 www.ijrar.org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138)

IJRAR2001235 International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR) www.ijrar.org 728

AN OVERVIEW OF PATENT APPLICATIONS IN

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

Vipin Benny

Assistant Professor

Research Department of Commerce

St.Thomas’ College (Autonomous), Thrissur

Kerala

Vipin Benny is an Assistant Professor at St.Thomas’ College (Autonomous), Thrissur, Kerala specializing in the field

of Finance. He has submitted his PhD at Mahatma Gandhi University and his research in the field of Ayurveda

Patents. He has over seven year experience in teaching and industry. He has earlier worked as an internal auditor in

ESAF Micro finance, now it is ESAF small finance bank. He has seventeen publications in various national and

international journals and also presented nine papers at UGC sponsored national seminars.

Abstract

The term Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) gives wide opportunities for exploring different areas of trade. The

manufacturers believe that patent is the most relevant item to explore the market for products. Patents have

strengthened innovations in the field of business and have helped identify new uses for products. With the help of

patent, a firm can capture international advantages and investments. Foreign investors have recognized that the market

is sufficiently good for innovative products, and have ample opportunities for patents. The international inventors who

file to acquire patents in different fields enhance the economic growth of the country and create employment

opportunities. This article draws the attention of patent application filed by the countries around the world for the past

five years

Keywords: Patent, World Intellectual Property Rights Organization, IPRs, GDP, Patent application

Introduction

Patent is a government authority or license conferring a right or title for a set period, especially, the sole right to

exclude others from making, using or selling an invention. The word patent originates from the Latin word 'Patere'

which means "to lay open" (to make available for public inspection). In short the term patent, which was a royal

decree granting exclusive right to a person, predating the modern patent system. The pharmaceutical patent or drug

patent is a patent for an invention in the chemical or pharmaceutical industry. Strictly speaking, in most jurisdictions,

there is essentially no difference between the legal requirements to obtain a patent for an invention in the chemical

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pharmaceutical field as compared to obtaining a patent in the other fields, such as in the mechanical field. A chemical

patent or a pharmaceutical patent is, therefore, not a 'Sui generis' right, i.e. a special legal type of patent. WIPO (World

Intellectual Property Organization) provides a wide range of indicators covering the area of patent (WIPO (World

Intellectual Property Organization), 2018d, 2018c, 2018a, 2018e, 2018b).

Literature Review

Most monetary contentions for patent assurance lay on a more extensive issue: the basic significance of development

exercises and their outcomes for financial development and social welfare (Rockett, Eleanor Rockett, & Katharine,

2010). There are two fundamental ways in which patent rights encourage the advancement of innovation, development

and social welfare(Peter S. Menell & Suzanne Scotchmer, 2007). The principal way mirrors the private reward

allowed for development, through the innovator's selective ideal to utilize or sell the patented creation (“reward

theory”). The need to present some ex ante motivation component gets from the acknowledgment that the definitive

consequence of the advancement procedure is the creation of new learning. As per old style contentions formalized by

Arrow(Arrow, 1962; Griliches & Lichtenberg, 1984; Levin et al., 1987), information additionally shares ordinary

qualities of "public goods” like non-competition and non-selectiveness. The non-rival character of information implies

that one specialist's utilization of it doesn't constrain its utilization by others. The non-excludable character implies

that, when information has been generated, others can't be ceased from utilizing it. Accordingly, in a theoretical

routine of faultless market rivalry, rival firms could misuse, at almost no cost, similar information created by the

pioneer, which decreases the trend-setter's prizes to a time when it is never again advantageous to lead inventive action

by any stretch of the imagination. Selective legitimate rights on developments through patents help limit this sort of

market disappointment, by giving satisfactory motivating forces to take part in imaginative action. The "contract

theory” of patent clarifies a subsequent principle way patents can advance development (Denicolò & Franzoni, 2004;

Rockett et al., 2010), to be specific, by giving contracts among designers and society, giving selective rights to the

creator in return for the dissemination of data about the fundamental specialized arrangement. People in general, free

accessibility of patent reports in national and worldwide patent workplaces ought to encourage the dispersal of

specialized data that would then be able to be utilized by different entertainers to grow further novel arrangements,

making extra gains for society.

Statement of the Problem

The patent could be essential contribution to encourage consecutive developments, the restrictive rights given by

patent at last may hinder innovative procedure by representing a hindrance to upgrades (Bessen & Maskin, 2009;

Merges & Nelson, 1990). The revelation estimation of patents, the reception of key recording practices by candidates

and complex case development principles could seriously restrict the viability of exposures for protected innovations

(Guellec & Pottelsberghe de la Potterie, 2007). The company's filing patent for progression of variables, identified

with the idea of development, the attributes of the firm, the degree of rivalry inside the business, and the more




extensive institutional setting in which organizations work. So there is a need to investigate the entire applications on

patent all over the world.

Objective of the study

The main objective of this study is to understand patent applications around the world over the last five year.

Methodology

Patent applications and publication data available in WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) was reviewed

to understand the recent trends in terms of growth and implication of international treaties such as TRIPS and related

changes in national laws to be compliant with TRIPS. The trends were examined from the data for last five years

(2013-2017). Worldwide patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO as considered for

this study. The total patent applications include applications filed directly with national & regional patent offices and

applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty national phase). The World Bank assigns the world's

economies into four income groups — high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low. The researcher bases this

assignment on GNI per capita calculated using the Atlas method. The units for this measure and for the thresholds are

current US Dollars. As per this statistics, the total 154 countries or economies include 58 of higher income category,

43 of Upper middle-income category, 37 of Lower-middle income category and 16 of Low-income category of

countries. Finally, analyses the trends observed in patent filing in various countries across the world and the different -

areas in pharmaceutical industry.

Data Analysis:

Worldwide Statistics of Patent Application

It is the first time that the patent application reached above 3 million i.e. 3168900 patent applications were filled at the

world level, up 1.41 per cent in 2016 (Table 1.1) Such a remarkable growth was reported due to the inflow of filings

from the Republic of China, from where 1381594 patent applications were received, which was 43091 applications

more than what was filed during the previous year (Table 1.1, Table 1.8 and Table 1.9).

Table 1.1

Worldwide Statistics of Patent Application

Patents 2016 2017 Growth rate (%) Share of World Total (%)

Application Worldwide 3125100 3168900 1.41 100

China 1338503 1381594 3.22 43.6

USA 605571 606956 0.23 19.2

Japan 318381 318479 0.03 10.1

Note: Worldwide patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO. The total patent application includes

applications filed directly with national & regional patent offices and applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty

national phase).

Source: WIPO Database, August 2019.


https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/77933-what-is-the-world-bank-atlas-method



The next largest contributor was the United State of America, with 606956 applications in the year 2017, up 0.23 per

cent from the year 2016. Similarly, Japan contributed 10.1 per cent for the total number of patent in the world (Table

1.1, Table 1.8 and Table 1.9). China’s office received a record total of 1.38 million patent applications in 2017, more

than double the number received by that of the US (Table 1.7).

Patent Application Status of Top 10 Offices in the World

Table 1.2

Patent Application Status of Top 10 Offices

Patent Office 2017 Proportion (%) Share of World Total (%)

China 1381594

91.5

43.6

USA 606956 19.2

Japan 318479 10.1

Republic of Korea 204775 6.5

EPO 166585 5.3

Germany 67712 2.1

India 46585 1.5

Russian Federation 36883 1.2

Canada 35022 1.1

Australia 28906 0.9

Others 275403 8.5 8.5

Application Worldwide 3168900 100 100

Note: Worldwide patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO. The total patent application includes applications

filed directly with national & regional patent offices and applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty national phase).


China has revised their method of compiling patent applications statistics in 2017. Prior to 2017, it used to include all

applications received; but, starting in 2017, China’s application count data include only those applications for which

the office has received the mandatory application fees. At the same time, applying the new counting method

retroactively, the IP office of China was able to report a growth rate of 3.22 per cent in the number of patent

applications filed in 2017. In 2017, China’s IP office received 1.38 million patent applications (Table 1.2, Table 1.8

and Table .9). It was followed by the offices of the U.S., Japan, the Republic of Korea and the European Union. The

top 10 offices accounted for 91.5 per cent of the world total in 2017, and the rest of the 144 patent offices contributed

only 8.5 per cent of the patents (Table 1.10).




Region wise status of Patent Application

Table 1.3

Region wise status of Patent Application

Region Total Number of Patent Application

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Africa 14800 15200 14900 15000 16000

Asia 1497700 1607500 1785300 2020000 2062500

Europe 346000 346300 360200 354900 355700

Latin America and the

Caribbean 63000 63600 64700 60100 57600

North America 606400 614300 626400 640300 642000

Oceania 36600 33800 35200 34800 35100

World 2564500 2680700 2886700 3125100 3168900

Notes:

1. Worldwide patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO. The total patent applications include

applications filed directly with the national & regional patent offices and applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation

Treaty national phase).

2. The region wise division consists of 29 patent offices in Africa, 43 in Asia, 45 in Europe, 30 in Latin America and the

Caribbean, 2 in North America and 5 in Oceania region.


The above table 1.3 reveals that total number of patent applications in 2013 was 2.56 million, which increased to 3.16

million in 2017. Asian based patent offices received more than 2 million applications from 2016 onwards. Similarly,

its share of patent applications filed worldwide, which increased from 58.4 per cent in 2013 to 65 percent in 2017,

supported by strong growth in China and Republic of Korea, accounted for two-thirds of all applications filed in the

Asian region. Excluding China and Korea, the share of the rest of Asian region’s contributions actually decreased from

38.2 per cent to 22.4 per cent. It was mainly due to decrease in patent applications filed in Japan. North American

patent offices and European offices accounted for one – fifth and one-tenth of the world total respectively. The entire

share of Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and Oceania was only 4.46 per cent in 2013, which further decreased

to 3.43 per cent in 2017. The share of Africa, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, North America and Oceania

declined over the past 5 years due to the accelerated growth in the application status of China.




Region wise status of Resident and Non-Resident’s Patent Application

Table 1.4

Region wise status of Resident and Non-Resident’s Patent Application

Region Status of Applications Total Number of Resident/Non Resident Patent Applications

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Africa Resident 2442 2778 2770 2957 2819

Non-Resident 12358 12422 12130 12043 13181

Asia Resident 1182598 1281157 1445696 1683106 1725446

Non-Resident 315102 326343 339604 336894 337054

Europe Resident 219155 215201 220567 217355 213001

Non-Resident 126845 131099 139633 137545 142699

Latin America and the Caribbean Resident 7745 7470 7620 8696 8711

Non-Resident 55255 56130 57080 51404 48889

North America Resident 292421 289302 292624 299398 297967

Non-Resident 313979 324998 333776 340902 344033

Oceania Resident 4677 3620 3481 3694 3517

Non-Resident 31923 30180 31719 31106 31583

World Resident 1709000 1799500 1972800 2215200 2251500

Non-Resident 855500 881200 913900 909900 917400

Notes:

1. Worldwide patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO. The total patent applications include

applications filed directly with national & regional patent offices and applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation

Treaty national phase).

2. The region wise division consists of 29 patent offices in Africa, 43 offices in Asia, 45 offices in Europe, 30 offices in Latin

America and the Caribbean, 2 offices in North America and 5 offices in Oceania region.

Source: WIPO Statistics Database, August 2019.

The total number of residents’ patent applications in 2013 was 1.70 million, which increased to 2.25 million in 2017.

And, the number of non-residents’ application was 0.85 million in 2013, which increased to 0.91 million in 2017

(Table 1.4). Asian based patent-offices reported the highest rate of growth in residents’ patent application, which

increased from 1.18 million to 1.72 million in 2017 (Table 1.4). The Asian and North American regions accounted for

two-thirds of non-residents patent applications filed at the world level. The remaining one-third of non-residents’

patent applications was contributed by African, European, Latin American & Caribbean and Oceania regions.

Income wise status of Patent Application

Table 1.5

Income wise status of Patent Application

Income wise arrangement of

Countries

Total Number of Patent Application

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

High-income 1509200 1523200 1543800 1552800 1555600

Lower middle-income 72500 73100 77100 76900 78900

Low-income 10100 10300 10200 10100 10000

Upper middle-income 972700 1074100 1255600 1485300 1524400

World 2564500 2680700 2886700 3125100 3168900




Notes:

1. Worldwide patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO. The total patent application includes

applications filed directly with national and regional patent offices and applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty

national phase).

2. The World Bank assigns the world's economies into four income groups-high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low. The

researcher bases this assignment on GNI per capita calculated using the Atlas method. The units for this measure and for the

thresholds are current US Dollars.

3. The countries or economies include 58 of higher income category, 43 of Upper middle-income category, 37 of Lower-middle

income category and 16 of Low-income category.

4. Most of the European countries comes under the higher income category, therefore, the European patent office is categorized into

higher income group. Similarly, the African Intellectual property organization comes under the lower-income group and the

Eurasian Patent organization comes under the lower-middle income group.


Out of the total applications filed, the higher income countries contributed 49.08 per cent in 2017. It was 9 per cent

lower than their applications filed in 2013 (filed applications was 58.84 percent). The share for patent offices of upper-

middle income economies increased from 37.92 per cent in 2013 to 48.10 per cent in 2017 (Table 1.5). This

tremendous growth in patent applications was on account of the strong growth in filings by China. Patent applications

in China increased from 0.56 million in 2013 to 1.38 million in 2017 (Table 1.5). Chinese patent applications reached

91 per cent of the upper-middle-income countries contribution and the remaining countries were responsible for only 9

per cent in 2017. The total of low and lower-middle income groups was 3.22 per cent in 2013, which decreased to 2.80

percent in 2017 due to the strong filings in China.

Income wise status of Resident/Non-Resident’s Patent Application

Table 1.6

Income wise status of Resident/Non-Resident’s Patent Application

Income wise arrangement of

Countries Status of Applications

Total Number of Resident/Non Resident Patent Applications

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

High-income Resident 917087 913495 913591 918377 911785

Non-Resident 592113 609705 630209 634423 643815

Lower middle-income Resident 17696 18967 19376 20392 23640

Non-Resident 54804 54133 57724 56508 55260

Low-income Resident 8736 8756 8763 8745 8314

Non-Resident 1364 1544 1437 1355 1686

Upper middle-income Resident 765505 858260 1031060 1267667 1307754

Non-Resident 207195 215840 224540 217633 216646

World Resident 1709000 1799500 1972800 2215200 2251500

Non-Resident 855500 881200 913900 909900 917400

Notes:

1. Worldwide, patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO. The total patent application includes

applications filed directly with national & regional patent offices and applications through the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty

national phase).

2. The World Bank assigns the world's economies into four income groups — high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low. The

researcher base this assignment on GNI per capita calculated using the Atlas method. The units for this measure and for the

thresholds are current US Dollars.

3. The countries or economies include 58 of higher income category, 43 of Upper middle-income category, 37 of Lower-middle

income category and 16 of Low income category of countries.

4. Most of the European countries come under higher income category; therefore, European patent office is categorized as higher

income group. Similarly, the African Intellectual property organization comes under lower-income group, while the Eurasian

Patent organization comes under lower-middle income group.







Applications received by offices from resident applicants and non-resident applicants are referred to as office data,

whereas, applications filed by applicants at a national office or at the foreign office as origin. The residence status of

the application in high-income countries was 53.66 per cent of the world total in 2013 and it declined to 40.49 per cent

in 2017. Similarly, the non-residence status of the applications was 69.21 per cent of the world total in 2013 and it

increased to 70.17 per cent in 2017 (Table 1.6). The residents of upper-middle-income countries file a large portion of

applications at the national or regional office. It should be noted that 78.69 per cent applicants filed their applications

at the regional office in 2013 and it reached 85.78 per cent in 2017 (Table 1.6). China claims the first position among

the countries with patent applicants. It received more than 1 lakh applications since 2006. It surpassed Japan from

2012 onwards. However, it should be noted that around 95 percent of applications from China are filed within the

country itself and only 5 per cent are filed abroad. The total share of the low and lower-middle income groups of

resident and the non-resident application was 1.54 percent and 6.56 per cent respectively in 2013, which decreased to

1.41 per cent and 6.20 per cent respectively in 2017 (Table 1.6).

Conclusion

The residential status of application is one of the important parts of patent application. Where an application for a

patent is accompanied by a provisional specification, a complete specification shall be filed within twelve months

from the date of filling of the application, and if the complete specification is not so filed the application shall be

deemed to be abandoned. The complete specification may be filed at any time after twelve months but within fifteen

months from the date aforesaid, if a request to that effect is made to the controller and the prescribed fee is paid on or

before the date on which the complete specification is filed. In the current scenario, Asian region has been leading in

the status of patent application and the share of Africa, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, North America and

Oceania declined over the past 5 years due to the accelerated growth in the application status of China.

Annexures

Table 1.7

Total Patent Applications

Office Office (Code) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

China CN 825136 928177 1101864 1338503 1381594

Japan JP 328436 325989 318721 318381 318481

United States of America US 571612 578802 589410 605571 606956

Notes: Total patent applications includes direct and PCT national phase entries

Source: WIPO Database, August 2019




Table 1.8

Direct Patent Applications


China CN 752269 848565 1019998 1257448 1301293

Japan JP 274279 267652 258290 258488 255951



Table 1.9

PCT National phase entries


China CN 72867 79612 81866 81055 80301

Japan JP 54157 58337 60431 59893 62530



Table 1.10

Worldwide, patent applications based on 154 patent offices were registered at WIPO

No. Office Office

(Code) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

1 African Intellectual Property

Organization OA 552 578 529 506 519

2 African Regional Intellectual

Property Organization AP 692 835 780 697 747

3 Albania AL 4 13 19 25 24

4 Algeria DZ 840 813 805 672 743

5 Antigua and Barbuda AG 7 15 10 12 8

6 Argentina AR 4772 4682 4125 3809 3443

7 Armenia AM 131 123 115 126 110

8 Australia AU 29717 25956 28605 28394 28906

9 Austria AT 2406 2363 2441 2315 2305

10 Azerbaijan AZ 156 168 184 163 226

11 Bahamas BS 76 114 70 37 52

12 Bahrain BH 170 205 193 177 245

13 Bangladesh BD 303 293 340 344 302

14 Barbados BB 42 39 45 41

15 Belarus BY 1634 757 691 521 524

16 Belgium BE 876 1026 1097 1173 1217

17 Belize BZ 32 36 26 37

18 Bhutan BT 7

8 5 3

19 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) BO

303

253 336

20 Bosnia and Herzegovina BA 29 43

66 99

21 Botswana BW 9 9 8 7 7

22 Brazil BR 30884 30342 30219 28010 25658

23 Brunei Darussalam BN 35 117

89 107

24 Bulgaria BG 297 234 291 241 225

25 Cabo Verde CV

3 2

26 Cambodia KH 75 67 65 80 55




No. Office Office

(Code) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

27 Canada CA 34741 35481 36964 34745 35022

28 Chile CL 3072 3105 3274 2907 2894

29 China CN 825136 928177 1101864 1338503 1381594

30 China, Hong Kong SAR HK 13916 12542 12212 14092 13299

31 China, Macao SAR MO 60 106 65 51 68

32 Colombia CO 2032 2158 2242 2203 2372

33 Costa Rica CR 603 568 601 505 523

34 Croatia HR 253 200 186 188 159

35 Cuba CU 170 150

195 174

36 Cyprus CY 3 4 7 4 12

37 Czech Republic CZ 1081 972 952 839 860

38 Denmark DK 1534 1583 1732 1850 1772

39 Djibouti DJ 3 4

40 Dominica DM

4 3

41 Dominican Republic DO 268 260 252 270 271

42 Ecuador EC 482 382 495 374 417

43 Egypt EG 2057 2136 2055 2178 2279

44 El Salvador SV 183 187 203 175 182

45 Estonia EE 42 50 36 30 41

46 Eswatini SZ

2 2

47 Ethiopia ET 25 24 50 36 53

48 Eurasian Patent Organization EA 3435 3573 3491 3380 3302

49 European Patent Office EP 147987 152662 160028 159358 166585

50 Finland FI 1737 1545 1416 1368 1529

51 France FR 16886 16533 16300 16218 16247

52 Gambia GM

2 2 4

53 Georgia GE 333 297 271 274 232

54 Germany DE 63167 65965 66893 67899 67712

55 Ghana GH

31 26

56 Greece GR 717 670 573 646 589

57 Grenada GD 33 17 9 17

58 Guatemala GT 323 298 348 269 278

59 Guyana GY 16 20 13 18 23

60 Haiti HT 11 21

61 Honduras HN 217 220 228 195 193

62 Hungary HU 708 619 633 665 532

63 Iceland IS 46 64 46 38 44

64 India IN 43031 42854 45658 45057 46582

65 Indonesia ID 7450 8023 9153 9639 9303

66 Iran (Islamic Republic of) IR 11643 13802 14279 15632 16259

67 Iraq IQ

437

714

68 Ireland IE 135 118 203 149 137

69 Israel IL 6185 6273 6908 6419 6813

70 Italy IT 9212 9382 9687 9821 9674

71 Jamaica JM 119 155 70 78 68

72 Japan JP 328436 325989 318721 318381 318481




No. Office Office

(Code) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

73 Jordan JO 392 379 335 278 200

74 Kazakhstan KZ 2202 2013 1503 1224 1228

75 Kenya KE 241 207 193 203 178

76 Kuwait KW

228 50

77 Kyrgyzstan KG 114 139 126 89 146

78 Lao People's Democratic

Republic LA 70 44 62 63 100

79 Latvia LV 233 107 137 113 97

80 Lebanon LB 355 341 304

81 Lithuania LT 137 165 119 153 127

82 Luxembourg LU 169 218 247 444 668

83 Madagascar MG 51 34 19 36 51

84 Malawi MW 4 5 6 4

85 Malaysia MY 7205 7620 7727 7236 7072

86 Malta MT 17 13 11 4

87 Mauritius MU 20 21 21 38 19

88 Mexico MX 15444 16135 18071 17413 17184

89 Monaco MC 5 10 6 14 35

90 Mongolia MN 265 265 237 219 228

91 Montenegro ME 23 13 23 10 10

92 Morocco MA 1144 1097 1021 1303 2224

93 Mozambique MZ 43 60 54 40 50

94 Namibia NA

24 32 25

95 Nepal NP 30 46 82 37 63

96 Netherlands NL 2764 2582 2494 2604 2606

97 New Zealand NZ 6781 7728 6501 6386 6160

98 Nicaragua NI 127 146

99 Nigeria NG 919

235 280

100 Norway NO 1749 1563 1805 2060 2060

101 Oman OM

346 369 391

102 Pakistan PK 934 922 886 840 698

103 Panama PA 87 287 403 417 409

104 Papua New Guinea PG 79

47

105 Paraguay PY 10468 11494 11117 10946 9363

106

Patent Office of the

Cooperation Council for the

Arab States of the Gulf

GC 2991 2543 1982 1949 1846

107 Peru PE 1266 1287 1249 1163 1219

108 Philippines PH 3285 3589 3734 3419 3395

109 Poland PL 4411 4096 4815 4396 4041

110 Portugal PT 669 740 945 751 680

111 Qatar QA 332 482

564 593

112 Republic of Korea KR 204589 210292 213694 208830 204775

113 Republic of Moldova MD 96 139 124 155 110

114 Romania RO 1046 1036 1053 1063 1178

115 Russian Federation RU 44914 40308 45517 41587 36883

116 Rwanda RW

12 6 6 6




No. Office Office

(Code) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

117 Saint Kitts and Nevis KN

4 5 9

118 Saint Lucia LC

5 3

119 Saint Vincent and the

Grenadines VC 8 8 7

3

120 Samoa WS

100 4

121 San Marino SM 166 195 303 479 618

122 Sao Tome and Principe ST 8 3

238 379

123 Saudi Arabia SA 931 787 2406 3266 3191

124 Serbia RS 221 212 191 213 184

125 Seychelles SC

14 46

126 Singapore SG 9722 10312 10814 10980 10930

127 Slovakia SK 210 234 256 235 206

128 Slovenia SI

129 South Africa ZA 7295 7552 7497 7210 7544

130 Spain ES 3244 3178 3020 2922 2343

131 Sri Lanka LK 516

481 573 543

132 Sudan SD 269 8 268 285 293

133 Sweden SE 2495 2425 2428 2384 2297

134 Switzerland CH 2156 2048 1923 1771 1628

135 Syrian Arab Republic SY

198 112 136

136 Tajikistan TJ 4

1

137 Thailand TH 8000 7930 8167 7820 7865

138 Tonga TO

1 1

139 Trinidad and Tobago TT 174 188 168 136 171

140 Tunisia TN 549 542 589 583 555

141 Turkey TR 4661 5097 5841 6848 8555

142 Uganda UG 14 8 9 16

143 Ukraine UA 5412 4813 4497 4095 4047

144 United Arab Emirates AE 1426 1472 1753 1574 1800

145 United Kingdom GB 22938 23040 22801 22059 22072

146 United Republic of Tanzania TZ 3 4 2

147 United States of America US 571612 578802 589410 605571 606956

148 Uruguay UY

676 558

523

149 Uzbekistan UZ 557 568 507 555 553

150 Venezuela (Bolivarian

Republic of) VE 1463 1432 975 595 434

151 Viet Nam VN 3995 4447 5033 5228 5382

152 Yemen YE 80 53 30 32 28

153 Zambia ZM 39 39 32 33 22

154 Zimbabwe ZW 23 27 28 13

Total Patent Applications 2565096 2680700 2886700 3125100 3168900

Note: The total patent application includes applications filed directly with national & regional patent offices and applications through the

PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty national phase).





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