˘ˇˆ · ˘ˇˆ ˙ ˝ ˛ ˚˝˜ 137 the first excellence conference in science and mathematics...
TRANSCRIPT
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 137
��������������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ����
� !"�# �$% �&� '(��)��
����� ��� �� �� ���� �����
*�����+: ������ ����� ����� ! " #$�% ���� ����& " ��'�� ()$�* " ������ ��+�� ",�-. /,-�� 0�12-) 34� 5�6� 7-� ��'���-8 ,:�;����<� ���* =�> " ?�&�8 ?��@��A /�62) ������ � -�� B���*� ,���'�� ;�CC+�� ����D (6��� ()$��� " ������ E�!��� �F�GH IJ K�L M�� �N�
,��N,� O�� " P�'����)4��'����) �Q��� /� R�'�ST �������� #��U � ��+�� V��W �� 4G� ;�-�'6��� ()$�-�� " �X)�. Y�Z6� ['��� ;������'�� ���� \']�� 4G ^�_ IJ :�. `Q�� ^,��� a& M�� ��+�� b�c&� �d�G ()$��� ;��'6� ��'�� ;��e ['��� ,Y�Z-6� E2-6�� �-&
���� f�,8 " M�� ��+�� ;��� ['��� Y�Z6� Mg�h* ;5i�� ,��$�� K�4T� ^,��� a& ;�)�Q�� ��� [11��* " ��+�-� K-'* ;��e " ()$��� ���+�� `Q�� j1�� ,�k��� lm�6*� ����� ��n 260 o�c& 0�c&� �d�G " PCC+�� �� ()$��� ��'�� �m���-�H l��+�-�� ,�����]�
;�m���� 7�p � �N�;,1!� j@���� /� q6� r���� ()$�-�� " Y�Z-6� ['��-� ;��e ()$��� �d�G b�c&� ��+�� ��$�� l-i'�n1.63 o " 7-�*� M��"��+��� H" � a& r�8 /��d8 l'CU ;�dk� M��s� a&�n ?�m��U� ��+��� o����6�� ��C+2� ;��e ��m�T�� ��-�� �-& j@���� lk2T FTf�,-8 ;L ��H� ��@�CUJ " M�� �+��� b�c&� �d�G ()$��� ;��e ['��� Y�Z6� Mg�* ;5i�� ,(�p ,,���� ;$���� ,���)$��� F��� t ,-1u* K-'*
f�,k� 35i�� ��$�� ,���'�� #vw� " ()$��� �FT� l'��* j@��� IJ ��-�� ;�)�-x V-��* b�c-&� �-d�G ()$�-�� " ��+�-� 04-G ;��e y-'� ]�����1n 3.45 �oN��Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� ��+�� =�> " ����p L���e �GS* ��z� a& ��TS���� `Q�� {�� �
"�����-.��/*� :Y�Z6� ['��� ,��'�� ,������,��'�� ()$�* �
_________________________________________________________________________________
The Use of E- Learning tools for Teaching Science in Saudi Universities Dr. Eman Mohammad Alrwaythi
Imam Mohammad bin Saud Islamic University Abstract: The use of technology in teaching science has become necessary given the unprecedented technological and knowledge
achievements in this century. Science and technology form an effective twosome for the advancement of societies. Such importance has led to the necessity to use technology in teaching to be suitable for the new generation of learners in the electronic age, therefore rise the
importance of the use of e-learning tools in teaching. The goal of this study is to examine the extent of how faculties in the colleges of
sciences use e-learning tools in their teaching, and to discover if there are variations in the use of these tools according to the study’s independent variables. The study will also identify the challenges facing faculties to use e-learning tools. Surveying a sample of 260 faculties
in the field of natural sciences in Saudi universities, findings indicated that the total average of use of e-learning tools by faculties was (1.63)
which represent the “not using” response range. Based on e-tools’ categories, however, the “use sometimes was evidence in the personal and workplace use. Findings also indicated a variation with statistical significance on the correlations between the independent variables (sex,
age and training) and the use of e-learning tools by faculties. Finally, the study showed the existing of challenges facing faculties to use e
learning in teaching with an average of (3.45) hence, the study recommended that faculties should be developed and trained to use e-learning tools in teaching.
Keywords: E- learning, science, technology, science teaching
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 138
���?*� :
V��*'�� ()$�* �� " 4G O�� ;�)�x #5�T ,#,A|�� l<�m$�]�� �& @�} " ��+�� ������ " 7�~ Bm�� #��U /�sm �)��C�NH ��8��X����&F��H� ���� $�1! K�L j@��m �N��� �-��A�� P-� ��-'��
�������Q��� `�U � /�62) ?�&�8 ?��@��A ",���� ;����<� ���* =�> (8���� " �1�)$ �,-1! �-N�; 04-G ~,*� ,������� �1�� ������ ;����<� �� 5X6� " �N���l ()$�-�� �-1�F�G =�-� �-� ���'� 7N� IJ
��N,� O�� " P�'��� �� B���*� ���'�� ;�CC+�� K'* ����D (6�* B������ \@,]� ��'��� /J ^�} ���e �� ()$�* ��'�� �G�z�s� " ��&J B��]� �� �,k� #��Q'� ,����� �i� ,-u��
�& V'�& ��V*��']* " ���s�n 2010Chang & Lee, �o7����� ��-'�� ()$�*� ��& 62� ()$��� ��'��� -�N �-� �F�GH� �)g�� M�� �Q') #5�e ;��s� =� � ��� 62�P��ds-� E-�!�* " P)�-�Z��
������, � ?��C�� [�'�* 5)��� [G� �� /� ��'� $�-��� �-G :�-. lN�� " "�-������ ��-'��" Science and
Technology “ 34� ���) ���J t�&� ����]� t��� P� r��$ ,������ ������ ��+��H ����� ;$�1� ����*� 7-��<� �-G������ �-�8,�� �-)$�1� �-�&F��H� (National Science Education Standards, 2000) �"� -!
;5i��B��]��� r�x ��� �)��C�NH� ������� ��*���'�� , 04-G ,-XT� ;H�C-*H� ;�-��'�� ����* /� �<m ;5i�� ?5AS* �)��� M��� ����* " ;�@�C� �� V� ���� �� : ���N ����T/��g� ,/�-6�� -���� " [�-'��
;�8��X�� ;�d��� ^��� �� [�,��� 7��p =����� �b���� �-��N,� O-& " [�'��� ^�G ���� ��8 K�L a& �-� 5-�6� [-6� 4G �p��� ���']� ;��<�*Z�H� ;$��� R�]� ��� �G ",�� ��C�NH�,;�-��'��
#��k��H��1�� B��]� ����) ��� ������ �� #��U R�'�ST :�. lN�� " � �N� �,�� �� /�T ;5i�� ������ " $�1! �G ['���� [�'��� =�> ['��� Y�Z6�H E-learning �C�)�
V�" [�'��� �� ���� K�L34� \��x " ��m�Z6� r@���� ��+�� a& ����) ^�Ge ���*� ,����'��� � IJ ���'��� M��Q� " �-�m�Z6� r@�-��� K-'* X��* �N� ,��m�6�� ����g� g��Q'� $���& /�� P�'��
;�6�-� =�-� �-� �� ��&��C-� $F-Ne �-� =�����H #g1��� ,R���. X� ,�X)�. ��m�Z6� #g1�e r@�-�� �-� V-*�,8� �-�� ,lmZm " �'X��� B��.M,-��,�-���'��� 7-N�� -X� ,� ;�m��-�, ;�-��6�
��m�Z6�n ,3��k'.2006 � ,95�o �N� ;��� =��� " 7�~ b�Qm� t��� " \��s�� �Qm ��+��['��� Y�Z6� �� �@�C� �� V� g���)
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 139
�)g��,#�)�& ��� ��� 04G =��� �6'�� ���,�� �)���s� ���V<�* �F�G�� 78,� #b�kT �1��um �'����-�
�� =�� �� �$� " �����^�G�� ,[�'��� ���� �1��x ;�1��* ���6. 7��� �]w���D�� ;H�C*��
�������. �N� a-& �-6'��'� #���� ������ �]� " `��X� �<�*Z�H ^�} �m " ��C-�NH �-Qm =�-Q���8,�� 7��>� �8,�� a& [@���"*� $FX��� �m =�� �� �8,�� #$�J� ����, ������ X�e E�!��� a& �T��
B)$���� [�'��� " ����� ;���'��, 7�~ " ���D�� �'���� M��'� ���1�� ��8,�� ;$��� ����* =�� �� 7��<� ;�&�]Nn ,r�]+��� ��C�NH #$��2015�o
['���� ;��e �� 5X6� ����� g���) Y�Z6� V� �]�*,� ������, ��� �6�) /� ��+�s-* �,-�e ['���� [�'���b�� 62� �+� ����1� ��G�e ;L ;H�-<� �-� �)��� IJ E�C* �,-� �-���'���
X� �k'�+� : ;�6�2�,��&F��H ,�)���� ;��� 05-�� �6)�-� (Bang, 2008) � O-�� �,-& q-) F�-8� �),u�� ��k'+'���]�*,Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� ��1k�� ,���k��C*� ,['��-�� [�-'��� ��'�& " �1k@�!�� , IJ
[Ge �,��� Bm��;��']����'�� ()$��� �1�N�&� ���N���� �1U�<m � �-/�@� ��)AB�� Theoratical Background:
;��� ['��� Y�Z6� �6�) �1k),�* ��S�������U j�,� ,� H a& ;��� �,lmZm ��+�s* ;���� �� �+2� ['��'���1�� �� B)$��'� �� ()$��� V*H�> 7�~ " [��C�T Y�Z6�J $,�� (Hart, 2013, 1)� �&�s*�
������ ����'�* �d�� 58�* a& ;��e 04G, �-��� ['��-� $��C-� �� #����� ��m� �� #��k��H L����� ���* ,8 V��]�$�1� [_�� �g�*� ,�4� ['��� �;^�26��H� `Q�� � ;��e ;�k��C-�� �-� ��-& �-�G�
IJ �1k�� �� ��18 ,Y�Z6� ['���P&�m : a& ���� =�C*H \),D �& ��g�� Y�Z6� [�'��� ;���;�)����� �)v��T ��g�� 5� Y�Z6�H [�'��� ;���� ,�6�2� �G5�� n(Yoon, 2005 �
��� K'* �'X�� ;�k��C�� ;$�G E��C* (Hart, 2013) " �-G$�� Bs-U ,Y�Z-6� ['��-� ;��e �& #$��& �G� ,['���� [�'��� ��'�& ���* ��@�N";$�G P�" ��& 4�� � ?)��� �1���<�� 2007 b,�J \),D �& t��� =�U P�'��� P)��Z'� �m���� �& c8� 100['��'� ��m�Z6�J #�� � ��& "�2014 �m����H 7)��* [*
�1�8 $�� ,����X� � £)��s�1038 �� [�'��� " PCC+�� �� 61 Y�-X� " j@���� �m [*� ,t��� =�U ���� v���� �� �&2014 ���� �-��]� �-�$� v-��* lQ�-�� �)��s-� [@�-�� 04-G /� ,T4-��� ,)�p ����-��
a& �,]* ��� ;5�i��['���V*���� ��& �N� ;�� " E��C�� 4G a& �XU��� ��&J #��`Q�� , l8����
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 140
1��J� ��� ;��e ,`Q�� ������ �1D��*$H ��'�� [�'�* ;��ST l�sN� IJ E��C-�� 4-G " ;��e ['���� [�'��� ��'�& " �1�k�!� BsU ;�d8 ���� � F�8� ;�-�$�� �-��� �-����� ;�-dk� 04} �,& q)
()$��� " �1��'&�8 l��A� ��� ����s�� �C/�� D�5� :���� �-$-���7 Educational Tools:6
1. #$�J �1��� ;$,�� �����J Edmodo � ���� /5� �$Blackboard Learn� =���� Moodle � 2. ;�C�� �1��� ;$,�� 5�$�T Coursera �/����)��T� Khan Academy �f�$ � 3. ;��� ����'�* M,��� X��*¦[�'�* ��*TED/TED Ed � ;����]* [�-'��'� ��� Google Apps
for Edu� 4. ;��� ��-'�� [�-'�* �2-*� a-& #�-T�Q�-�'&�k�� ��$�-��T �-���� �-� �PhET Interactive
Simulations� ,���T���� §��T$�� Molecular Workbench� [18 ��'�� Understanding Science� 5. l)HH l)�m (�Late Nite Labs ���'& 360¦ Science 360� ��'�� �-���� General Science –
\��]* #g1�e �)�$�me ���) �'d�� $���� ����� " E'�� ;H�-> ��-'��� B-�T ��-'& �-�m�Z6� Science
eBooks� �N� lk2T ��$� nWieman, et al, 2008 o�& M�� �����8 ���+� j��m,� #�T�Q� �-�'&�k�� PhET "
[�'�* b�)g�k� B�C� �� ���� ;�d)gp �& R�]� [�'�* " V��z�� ,u��� ���&�k* " ¨�W �� IJ ���T,x� �C/�� �-E�(�� :���� )��F� ��)?*�7 Course Development Tools :6
1. [��C-* ;$,-�� ��-�$�� �-1��� l-)H�6�*$� Articulate – ��-�����T Camtasia – f��-� ;J Snagit – ©��� l�k����T Adobe Captivate - �$�T RH Courselab �
2. ;$����H� ;�&�]��H – Quizzes, polls and Survey �1��� "5� �6m�-� Survey Monkey � ªLFm ��� Google Forms�
��G� ��+�� ��z� IJ ;$��� ��� ;��$�� �� ��& Google Forms 7-�� " �)%�-Q� #�&�s� ;�-m��� =��-� 6-� a& �1ukU v& ;��$��� ;���'�� =��$J 1s) 34�� ,R�]� [������ ;��$��
Valentín & Kloos, 2009) �oF-T �-� �-T �-�� n2007Evans & Champion, o �>�-mv� �-kX6� �-�$� "Camtasia� SnagIt ,)�C-�T �G���-�) �-�� ��-w B�s-� ,l-mZm v& ;%�Q� a& ©��J 5AS* F} /�
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 141
,���2�� \�N���� ,�@,�� ��C� �<s��� �C/�� �(��(�� :���� G)��� �-$��?��� �-$H�� I*�J��7 Presentation and Content Tools:6
1. ��,�� �-��)���� �-1�� �-@� -��� Google Slides l8�-��,6)��� l-�)��$�� Microsoft
PowerPoint 3g),� Prezi − �)�� ,)�� SlideShare� 2. ���,� �T,Q��� �)��k�–Animation and Video �1��� R��*�) Youtube �3¬ "�� iMovie� 3. $�C� − Photos X� ,6'8 Flicker ��,���sm Instagram � 4. ;�C�− Audio X� ������� Audacity�
��G� ;��$�� �� ��& l��A� R�]� 0���m a& �8�x ;%�Q� b��A� l�)��$��� ��,& /� a-& gT,*�$�68e ��$�Tn (James, Burke, & Hutchins, 2006, M,-�� F-T nVirtanen, Myllärniemi, & Wallander, 2012 o
��m�Z6� j�v'� R�]� ���<�� =�U ��'�8 " �����' � v��* ����� " ��$�–j��-mvT Prezi [���k�-�� �� ,XT� /� ���� `�U ,V��90 % R�]� ���)��-*� ,�$�-� ;�-��'�� [�-u�* " j��-mv� �-� ���k��
;�uU�� � ��G��G,�� ��$� (Burke & Snyder, 2008) =�-U R�-�*��� ��+�-� YouTube ()$�-* " � M��Q� [&�� #��k� ;���'�� 58�* " �1��'&�8 l��A�� ,B]� ;$,��,��'� 7-��p �-���'��� �d��� b,AJ�
R�]� �FT j��m,� ��'&�8 �& ��$� l),�� Animoto R�-]� [-18 �-� �-)g) V-m� j@���� l'��*� �*���m� ���'�� #�F'�(Tagsold, 2013) �
�C/�� ����)�� :���� 4�H�K� !�������L�M��N*�7 Communication and Collaboration Tools:6 1 � ;,�|� – Conferencing ©��� l6m�T Adobe Connect �B)� (T WebEx� 2 � =�C*H – CommunicationB)�6� Skype �(-*� R¬ WhatsApp – 7-N�� -��� Google
Sites � 3 � ;�m��� – Blogs �$�� (),� WordPress �,N�'� Blogger � /�" #5�T ��z� �} =�C*H ;��� [�'��� �-k8 ['���� �-® ��-N �-�$�) Hashemi & Azizinezhad, 2011o
B��]'� B)�6� =�C*H j��m,� ��z� IJ ��*,L���e� ��+�� �� P��<w P�'���'� ��s* ��,8 �18 vT� ��X� �i'� �v��*� ;�m��� ��m�Z6� �� ;��� ['��� �-�'&�k�� #�-�k� -6� �-� #4*�-�e R�-]��
� " ����� ��$� l'��* �N� ,���'�� ;�CC+�n,,]�2007 o�-dD�w ;$�C-�� ª�-& " �1��'&�8 IJ
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 142
[�G�k�'� ���'�� ;�G�¯H� ���'�� M�� R�]� ���s����� j��mv� (*�� R¬ ��8 �-�m " #Z-k� #5-�e a& M��s� ,t��� ���1s� V��+�� V'��x� a& E*�} ��T4� `�U �-6�) �-� V-��� =�-�$J �-)��� �-�
$�C� ;�G�)��k�� @��,�� ��*�C� ��N� l��A� 5X6� �� ;��$�� V��'&�8 " ��'��� ����'��� �k8 ��$� n2014, (Army l'��* �1�8 IJ ��'&�8 (*�� R¬ " =���* $�68e ;���'��� b,AJ� R�]� #����� �-��'��
�G� 7�) lx $� [�'��� ���� � �C/�� ����@� :���� OP����� 'Q"�RK�7 Social Media Tools 6
1 � ;�6�� ���� �&F��H �1��� Z)�*Twitter ��s)�8 Facebook �-6��� /J LinkedIn� -��� ('�Google+�
2 � ;�ck� ��&F��H –Social Favorites �$�� B'8 �1��� Flipboard� ��2�')� Delicious� �N� ;,1! ;���� ;�6�� ���� ,�&F��H / °�6�T (�@$ ;������ �p Y�X� B)�'� WEB 2.0,
�8�1�s h� ?�)g� �� ���� =������ ����'�� P� R�]� [1�'��� ,XT� �&�k* �T$�2�� " E��S-* M�-�Q� ��'�� V�T$�2�� 7� �),�± FT �&�� Z)�* " �-���* ;$�-1� R�-]� " �-���6� ��-�� -����� 7-�
��1� 7��<�n ,�X)�,�1434 �oq-�k� ��+�-�H �-�z� =�-U ,)$����� ;��$�� �� �)��� ;$��� �N� ;��e ���� �&F��H " ,[�'��� ��8 l��N �-��~n Faculty Focus o�-�$�� =�-U ��+�-� P)�-�Z�
���� " 5*�* " [1�T$�2��2010 �!�Q'� #��)� ;��� �N� , P� �� V��+�� "1372[�-'��� " P��1� ,:��� l'��*� /� IJ ��$��53�2 %PT$�2� �� /���+�s) 5*�* " [�'���n Esteban, 2011 �o
FT g�� N�N ('� VmS� �&��> �� ²��& ;�6�2� ��&F��H ��� ,8�c-�* ?�-�� /�-6�� �C-�� #�-U� �1�6�) �� �}�� =��$J �),� JY�Z6� b,�J� ;���6� �)��8 ��x� $�� �G5��n ,�X)�,� 1434 �oF-T /�
��G �'X�� #�)�& a& ;����� ����k's��T �,8$�G� ���N �-��� �'c-k� �-�&F�� �-��� �-1��']� ,�1�-�$��� `�Q� �6�) 3e L���� �� B��D �& �'ck� ���� #����� �� ������ �� �+2��� Vskm ��� [A �)g³ 7N�� ��1� �1�8 Anderson, 2007)�o
�C/�� ������� :���5� �-S��*�7 Office Tools 6
1 � �gU j�v� ����6� �1��� ��� (T�� Google Docs� l8���,6)�� (�8�� Microsoft Office ����� (�8�� Open Office .
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 143
2 � �)v� Y�Z6�H – email X� ��� �� Gmail �;�� �� Outlook .
3 � ;�T, �,Ne �TZ2-�¦�-��g�� – Shared/Sync drives� -X -��� E-)$� Google Drive �R�$� (T�� Dropbox �/� E)$� One Drive.
�<m� " �d8��e ,XT� ����6� ;��e ; ['��� " ?���+�� Y�Z6�, `�U �� 5X6� j@��m ;$��� ;��$��IJ;�-������ ��']� E�'6�� �'��� ���� Y�Z6�H �)v� /� , =��-�*� ;�-��'��$�� ��-� P-�
��']� � q)���� ,��� ��� ��$� V*�T� �� 4G�n2009o Y,Gg� ��$�� ,n2005 o �-�G /� IJ l'-��* ��� � ��+�� " ��k*$ Y�Z6�H �)v�,�e ()$����
��s����� �����k� ��+�� Google Drive ��8 l),�� ��$� " ����� /Z-�� B-)�T " R�-�� �-��),8� R�]� ª��� �@�)g�k� /�T� ��+�� ��� E)$� ¨�U� H�x " f,D [-'�* ,R�-]� �-)��*� �-N���
[1��� n ,2013 Rowe, Bozalek & Frantz�o
��C/� ������� :���5� �-H�N��7 Personal Tools6
1 � `Q�� ¨�-Q�e� -X� `-Q� -��� Google Search `-U���� -��� �-� �-�'�� Google
Scholar � �)����6)� Wikipedia.
2 � �)��* ;�uU�� – Note Taking X� /� ;�m OneNote � �� ;�m Apple Note� 3 � ;�QkC�� – Browsers ��� ��,T Google Chrome �(T�8,)�8 FireFox� lmZmJ $$�'�s-TJ
Internet Explorer� 4 � ;��� M,--�� – Other Toolsr@,--� --��� Google Maps� �--~Z��--� --���Google
Translate� 04G� �]�*,� K'* ����� ,����'��� ��'��� " #5�T ��z� �} ;��e ��<� ��N� �-� �)��� ;�T�
T K�L ;��$����$� (Eric Hartnett & Regina Kory, 2013) ��� ;$�-�� -��� ;�-���]* �-�z� IJ �-� ��),]� `)�Q��� M��Q� �T$�2� a& #$���� ,���w ��<mJ " ��@�k� �&´�� �1��+�� ���1� �� V� g���*
�'1�� FT /� ��G �)��� �� ;��$�� ��� l��A� �����8 04G ;��e " [�'��� �-�$�Tn 2010Tofan, o" ;�)H�� Q��#� ���� l'��* IJ ��'&�8 ��+�� j��m,� /� ;�m OneNote �-m�,�� ,*����6��-� �U�-'� "
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 144
()$�* R�D b����6� " U,� ,�����p `�U 1s) [�$ ���,� ��@����6� -U� ;H�-�� #��-�� ��-�� R�]� f,]� 1�� �� ()$��� 3��'��� � ��G� ��$� �G,��n 2007, Patterson o=�U ��+�� Google
Earth �'���T ����'�* ()$��� ;�&���� �'C�� ,����]��� ��8 ��� /� V� ?5AS-* a-& b�-�� ;$�-1� 5-6k�� 3���� R�]'� �'Q��� ;$�1�� `Q�� [_���
�S�F��T�UE ������������� :
ª��W µ�<m ['��� a& �&�s* #�& ��&� ;��']�� Y�Z6�H �-���'��� �-�'��� µ�<m � l-),�� �-N� Y,12� �® ��N ��$�n2009 o��-'�� ()$�-* " Y�Z-6� [�-'��� ��+�-� B-��]� �-)�x l8�1���
,:��� [�'��� " �����]������������'��� �d���� ,j1��� ,['���� ,()$��� �d�G �c & � FT$�-�� (-T� Dix )2004( ��G /� IJ #�&²��& ;��>v� ��+�� ��m�6�J ��x ������ ���1s� �-� [-18 7-� \-8��� �-1z�
��+�s�,V*$�N� /����C+�� �� )������ ��s* ������ " �@�C� ,8��* �
�V��� W-SF�� ������������ : [�$�-1U�<m l��A� ��� j@����� ()$��� ��'�& " ;��e 04G ��z� ,/� HJ [�-'��� �-� ��-�� 4-G
;�N��� ��� V��) �k'�+� [�'��� f,D �� 05iT V*����, �-N� ;�$� �-�$�T ;�-�$�� �-� 5-X6� " n ,3,�2�1434 o ��$��n ,YF��2005 o ��$��n ,�s�Q�2000 o ��$��n2000, Henderson o�G�:
�'N [�'��� #$�J " bvw ,8�* Y�Z6�, ������[�'��� R�'�� �� =�Q�� #,68 5i* 3��'��� IJ R�'��['��� ,Y�Z6� ��$������� ,#���Q� E��� ����� ,���Q��� ��-& ,8�-* ;g-�1<�� \-8,��
,��8�6� ��& ���� B)$�*"�T b�c&e �d�G ()$��� :�-����� R�-]'� " ['��-� ;��� ��+�-�� \-��]* Y�Z6��
������������ ������ ������� :
�+�� �������� ['L ��'�� ()$�* " Y�Z6� #5�T ��z� ; O-�� ����D B�s� r�8 (�� 34-� ���'�� ���Z� ^�G� V�� \�x� ,Vs)$�* ��'&�8 �� �)g* #�)�& ����'�* ;��S� g���) F� FmJ� ,V�8 §��m � �-N�
�� �)��� ;�T� ��$�T ;��$�� n,©�-m 2009 o �-�$��(Bang, 2008), �-�$�� (Yoon, 2005) /� a-& G ��'���Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� \��]�� c8e =�<� , ['��-� ;��� j��-� #�-)�& �-)g� ��G /� `�U
��'�� ()$�* 7� Y�Z6� �FT /�8,�� [_�� ��'�� ��'�� ��� �-� ,XT� ������ �-¶ M,-�e jG�-�� �-�'
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 145
[1'��PQ�,� =�> " ������ " @�e �m�6�� [�'���� �-N� ��-�� (Chang & Lee, 2010) /� �-�G ��-& �-� ;�-�']�� -�¯ ['��-� Y�Z-6�$�-�w
�<�*Z�H 34� H )�� ,V�& ��� 04G ;��']��:���. IJ [�'��� �4�. ,,��s� ��� JI [�'��� /,-�
���������. ,0$��C� " IJ ���� µ��kmH� a& ,�),�±V���� :�-. -�p [�-'��� g-T,��� =�-U � ,B��]�['�� ���� a& ���. ��� f��� ['���'� ��'�k� � ;��� ��+��H �)g�� �@�k� �� ��& ��G�
��'�� ()$�* " Y�Z6� ['�����1� Trowbridge, Bybee, & Powell , 2000)o: − 58�* �1����-�� ���1s-� ��-8e� $�C-�� B�6��T ����� ['��� $��C� 7�~ IJ 7)´� =����
B���� 62��� �1�p����� − �]³���p �,�� , ;�-N���� ;�-�'���� �@�C+'� �)��U ,XT� 62� #�T�Q� ;��'�& 58�*�
�6�) ������'�� Pm���� ;�),u�� �� \�Q�'� �1��+��� − #��)�;�62� . [Gg�kx� ,[} ������ ['��� ;��� $���� �� [1��6�� P�'��� �Cx � − ����*�N��� 56k��� b�C���H� `Q�� ;$�1� , -�����T P-�'��� P� �&F��H ���� [�&�*�
`Q�� v&� − ��'* =�� �-d�� 58�-*� ,P-�'��� �� �6¶ ��& vTe ;���'�� �m �6�) ��m�Z6� ;��e K
�m,� ����'�*,R�]'� ��)����� �&���� ;��N���� ;�����UH ����J� � ����� �)��� ;$��� � ['��� ��'&�8 IJ ;��$�� Y�Z-6� ()$�-* ^�-G� �-� �-)��� \-��x "
� X� ,��'�� ��$n3���s., 2006 o#$��� ;��m�Z6�J ()$�* " lmZmH ��+�� �����8 IJ ;$��� ��� �G�Qm [��G�¯� ['��'� R�]� ���8� " ���,16� ��-�$�� (Yang & Heh, 2007) f�-k* a-& ;�-T� �-��
���Z8H ;v�+� ��+���� b�)g�k� ()$�*a&�� v�+� v& ()$��� ;$�-1� ����*� �CQ�� " 3��'�['�� ;��'�& � ��$� l'��* FTn ,,-]�2007 o �-dD�w ;$�C-�� ª�-& " �-�m�Z6�J �-m��� �-�'&�8 IJ
�G�Qm [��G�¯� R�]� M�� ���'�� [�G�k�'� � �-�$� ;$��� FTn ,3$��-��2013 o��+�-� �-�'&�8 IJ )g�k� ()$�* " Y�Z6�H [�'�����@�)g�k� [�G�k�'� R�]� �Cx 78$ " b��
�c�) �-)��� \��x " Y�Z6�H ['��� ;��� ��+�� ��z� a& ;��$�� ��~J \��s� �,�� �� ��'�� ()$�* ^�G� �� :, �CQ���T ,���8��� ,;�G�¯H� ['���� ,�4-� ;$�-1�� ,5-6k�� `-Q���
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 146
b�C���H� ���s) 4G� ?�6��� ?L���� B�� ['��-� ��+�-�H V-'G|* �-�� ;�)�k6�� ;$�1� �� �)��� �� ;��� 7-� -����� �-� V-�6�� ,[1s-kmS� [1�8,-�� b��� a& P�'��� #�&�s�� ,��'�� ()$�* " Y�Z6�H
�'��� ���w �G5+s*� Y�Z6� ['�����)��Z� ��� L��-�e $�� /S� ���) 4G� -! " =�-Q�) �-N [-'�� \@��.� ;�),u�'� ��'� �� Y�Z6�H [�'���,Pm���� ;F's�� , �1U�� r]+� $�� IJ ������]* U�
����'��� EN��'�,V*���� Y�Z6� [�'��� ��+���� ����� ��� #%�Q�'� [�C�� � ���N� XIS�� :
E'�³& ��'�� ()$�* ����D ��� #�,<� ����]� ;L [�G�k� �� ��& ����� K�L� ,M,�e ��� �N���sQ� 5� � ;���� [�G�k� 04G�),��Ps�@$ : P)��Z� ;H�� F1�m�A� ,��'�� ()$�* " ����� F}��
[�G�k� K'* ()$�* a& �&�s* ()$�* B����� �& `Q�� IJ P�'�� �8 K�L Bm�� IJ/�-���H �-U� ,b�C $�-�� F-T K-�L ���)� ��'�� ()$�* " \��]�'� ��8�6� �U�s� �� t ,���'�� ���Z� 5)��� [G�(Anderson,
2007)� ,#�m�s� ['�* ;��� ,8�* ��& IJ $�C��e� ,[)�-���� ()$��� f,D " ��-&� ,#5-�6� -'w " L���e �� ['�� $��� �,1! \']�� 4G �� ()$�-* ;�62-� �-� 5-X6� j��-��� V-*���� Y�Z6� ['���
()$��� ��'&�8 �� �)g)� ,��'��� �)��Z� ��'��� " ������ #g�T$ Vm�T �� ()$��� �d�G �c& V'X�) �� ?,um�, �-��u�� /�-T$� [G� �U��
� �)��� $��6� ��&�� ���� �G� ,�1�8 ,A|�� ����p [�'��� 7-8$� ���CC³ ^��� a& 7��<� " �<�� ?��C� �G��s����*���'�� O& " � 3g-���� ()$�-* �-d�G b�c-&� IJ V-��Q� ;����p�8��-&b�e� ,
����8 ����'�* B����� IJ �1�~,* [1�6�) ����& ����'�* ;$�1�� ;b�kT 3�L� � b,-� �-��. ;�,-� K�4� a& ^�N�'� ��$�M�� ��+�� b�c&� �d�G ()$��� ;��'6� ��'�� ;��e ['��� Y�Z6� " ()$�-��
" ;����p ,�)���s-� ^,-���� a-& ;�)�-Q�� �-�� [11��-* " ��+�-� ;��� ['��-� Y�Z-6� " ,()$��� ��� [A [)��* ;����* ;�UZ��� �&�s* " ��k* ��+�� ;��� ['��� Y�Z-6� " ()$�-��
;��'6� ��'�� " ;����p �)���s�� Y��>�XIS�� :
·�s) IJ `Q�� 4G ^,��� a& M�� ��+�� b�c&� �d�G ()$�-�� ;�-�'6� ��-'�� ;��e ['��-� Y�Z6� " ()$��� " ;����p ,�)���s� E26�� �& �-�m�6�J ��-�� f�,-8 " M�-� ��+�-� ;���
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 147
['��� 6�Y�Z " ()$��� �� �N b�c&� �d�G ()$��� Mg�h* ;5i��n ,(�-p ,,-��� �-�$�� ,�-��'�� #vw " ,()$��� ;$��� ���)$���o, ^,���� a& ;�)�Q�� ��� V��* b�c&� �d�G ()$�-�� " ��+�-�
;��� ['��� Y�Z6�H " ()$��� ���� [-A [)�-�* ;�-UZ�� ;��-��*� -*�&�s a-& B-'i�� a-& K-'* ;����C� ��k*� ��+�� ;��� ['��� Y�Z6� " ()$��� ;��'6� ��'���
��C��XIS�� :
\��Q��� ^�G� `Q�� [* µ,D ;H¸�s�� ������: 1. �� M�� ��+�� b�c&� �d�G ()$��� ;��'6� ��-'�� ;��e ['��-� Y�Z-6� " ()$�-�� "
;����p �?�)���s 2. G ��G f�,-8 ;L �-�H� ��@�C-UJ " M�-� ��+�-� b�c-&� �-d�G ()$�-�� ;��e ['��-�
Y�Z6�H ;��'6� ��'�� " ;����p �)���s� Mg�* ;5i��n ,(�-p ,,-��� �-�$�� ,�-��'�� #v-w " ,()$��� ;$��� ���)$���o? 3. �� ;�)�Q�� ��� V��* b�c&� �d�G ���()$ " ��+�-� ;��� ['��-� Y�Z-6�H " ()$�-�� ;��'6� ��'�� " ;����p ?�)���s�
�-Z� XIS�� :
���s* 04G ��$�� �1��z� �� ;$���&H ������: 1- ��� =����* ?�&���� ?�)��U L ��z� #5�T " O-�� �-�N,� ,:�-. F-T �-�� ���<�-� �-)��'� �-� ;����* ,�|�; ;����� ���1� ,)�]�� [�-'��� ,����-p �-�� ;�-T� a-& �-�z� [£'��-� Y�Z-6� "
,()$��� a&� #$�% b,�J �)g� �� ;��$�� ¨�Q��� " 4G =�<�� 2- ��g* P��ds� " ;�s�|� ����'��� ��@��� ��2* a& ��& �� ;��� ['��� ��m�Z6� �k�C-�
BsQ� e^�G ,����'��� ��� �6�) " �1@�� [)��* b�� b�c&� �d�G ()$��� " =�-> ['��-� ,Y�Z-6� �)�x� [������U ���)$���� 3- [1s) 4G `Q�� " �)�x ��$� ��+�� ;��� ['��� Y�Z6� " ()$�* ��-'�� ;�-���p��
�)���s�� 4- 7N��) /� ��k* j@��m 4G `Q�� P��ds� �& [�'��� ����p " )��* ;��<�*Z�H ;b,��
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 148
����� ��k�� \��]* ;��� ['��� Y�Z6� " [�'��� ����p ���& ;��'T� ��'�� �-��� "� b�-�� j�,-� ���)$�* �CC+�� ,)�-]�� ;$�-1� �-����� M�-� b�c-&� �-d�G ()$�-�� �-]�*,�� ��+�-��� ;��� ['��-�
���m�Z6 " ()$��� ����p � ���. XIS�� :
��Q�* j@��m `Q�� ����]� �-��& ,�-�$�� #O-��� a-& b�c-&� �-d�G ()$�-�� " ;�-�'6� �-��'�� ;����p�� �)���s� �FT ��Q�* j@���� " ;�dk� ����2� ;��e�� ��� l��N �XU��� �1���]���
�I�FH� XIS�� �-[�)R��:
− ���� ������ ������� :�G ;��� j�,�� �����]* ��+�s* " ['��� ,Y�Z6� [�)� ���� ��
�}�� P� L���e ,B��]�� �G� ����* a& B��. :± ,lmZmH� ��*� ��),]� ��u�� 62�� ,q��6*
��+�s*�-�� =�C-*�� �� ���)���� ��,�'� �� ;$,�� ,)�]* �� [�'��'� �� �-&F��H -���'� �� �T$�2�+2� �� ���6� ��+�����
�-U\B� XIS�� �]�^�)R#� :
− _\B� XIS�� :��+�� j1�� �k��� K�L� V��b�� ����]� `Q�� :�.�
− `$�a XIS�� b�B-Q� :/�6*���]� ��'�� " ()$��� �d�G b�c&� �� PCC+�� �� `Q�� 7��> �-� n ,b�--���6�b�--�Ue� ,b�--)g�k�� o �$�--� ��--�'� ��--'�� ()$�--* f,--D� jG�--���1436−2015 y��--�� ,
[G��&n2613 o�)���s� ;����p 7�~ " ��� K�L " �� `Q�� 7��> �,8� 7�~ l'�� ��8 `Q�� ���& ��� ,A� " E�� ��G /�T �N� ,?��N$�� ?��m�Z6�J �m����H 7)��* [*� ,j@���� f�C� ;���<��H, `�U y'� �@���
�1�� ��6��260 ��s�� `Q�� 4G " #����� ��@�1�� ����� X� ,�m���� n10 o%;�c&� b�c&� �� ?��),�* ()$��� �d�Gn`Q�� 7��>�o
F�8� q) E�� ���& `Q�� BsU ;5i�� ��$��:
4��R7 1 6`�c�� ��)d� �B-Q XIS�� �?d� �ef�* �������
ef�*� �C/�� ����� �S�B��
)Mg 104 40%
i(E� 156 60% �B �
j�$U*� 260 100%
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 149
ef�*� �C/�� ����� �S�B��
N� �� 25��� 5 1.92%
25 − 35��� 67 25.77% 36 − 40��� 53 20.38% 41 − 45��� 54 20.77% 46 − 54��� 47 18.08% ,XT� �� 54��� 34 13.08%
)$���
j�$U*� 260 100%
[sNb�)g�8 89 34.23% b����T [sN 62 23.85%
[sNb��U� 69 26.54%
;��'T ���Z� –���'�� ��sNe 11 4.23%
��sN�M,�� 29 11.15%
��?�� `�����b�
k�l�� 260 100%
���� 26 10.00% %� 37 14.23%
L�����&�s� 122 46.92%
L����2� $� 40 15.38% L���� 35 13.46%
�R����
�-$����
k�l�� 260 100%
N� �� 5;��� 53 20.38% 5 − 10;��� 58 22.31%
10 − 20��� 79 30.38% ,XT� �� 20��� 70 26.92%
��Q ��B� mn@� �-�������
k�l�� 260 100%
H�) �� 59 22.69%
1 – 2 94 36.15%
3 – 5 61 23.46% ,XT� �� 5���)$�* ;$�� 46 17.69%
��Q ������ �-S������ � 4�a �-�����
�������
k�l�� 260 100%
=��p �� �c�)n1 o �1��sm� ¨�m �� ����� �,8� ,XT� /�n60o% �-)�d� ��s�� $�T4� [A ,n40o% ,
[G$F&� /�T ����� �,8� [u�� /��n25 −35��� oXT� /�� , ��s�� b�)g�8 [sN /����) ����� �,8� ,n34�23o%, [1�') [A��sNe M,�e=��p " FT � �c�) FTK�4T #4*�-�e �-� �-���� �,-8� ,XT� /� ,�)�&�s-� /��
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 150
��s)$��� [�v� ;��� /�T �¶ [G,XT�n10 −20��� o /�8 Y�Z6� ['��� =�> " ���)$��� ;$��� ��� ,T� a& �'CU �N ����� �,8� ,Xn1 – 2 o���)$�* #$���
m���XIS�� :
7�p`Q�� ^�G� \��x [A ��� ;�m���� , [��C�� �XU��� l��N �m����q) �� b�� " : − ��DH a& ;��$�� ;����e� ����s� " 4G =�<�� − #��k��H �� j@��m ��]��H 3��s� ��� ���* V� P-� �-G;$ (Jane Hart) �s-�|� g-T,� ;�-���*
['��� ,b�e� a& �1�N�� www.c4lpt.co.uk �`�U l�sN j@��m b��k��H � ?�8� ;�k��C�� 1s* a& P��1� ['����� $������ Bsm� ;��e � ?�8� ^�G�� ,����'��� �N� [* 4�� ��8�� ��'�N �� P� #��k���� �� bg-��
����� �� ��]�� 3�,� ��� ���* V� ?�)���� − �8�--��� IJ K--�L l--��N �--XU��� �--)�Q�� [--G� ;��e �--�m�Z6� �--�� ��+�s--* " ()$�--*
;�CC+�� ,���'�� ��]��� 3�$ PC�+� =�U M�� �1��z� " [�'��� ����p� b�������H [��C* [* \�� �� a& :��� �Q�� a& �m� :
− bgp =�e :��c* ;�m���� ����e �& �,8� ���& ��$�� BsU ;5i�� `Q��� − bgp Y�X� :^,��� a& 7-N� ��+�-� ;��� ['��-� Y�Z-6� " ()$�-�� ����-p ;�-�'6���
���'�� ��G� ��s�� IJ ���� ;�d8 �s�@$ ;��e ,['��� �k�C� BsU �!��1�k " ��'��� ,�-���'��� �-G� :;��� ,����'�* ;��� ,)�]* ,;$,�� ;��� ��,& �-��)��* [��C-*� ,M�-� ;��� =�C-* ,�T$�2-�� ;��� ��* ,�&F�� ;��� ,����6� ;��� ��C+� � T� �d8 ��s�@$ l��c* ;�-d8 �-�&,8 l'��-� a-&
��& �� ;��� ['��� Y�Z6� ����)� m�<�B T #�� ª$�� ,)���'� V�8 ¨�A ,;��$� �G� : ?F@� ��+�� 04G #�e " ,º)$�* ?�m��U� ,�1��+��� H �1��+��� " ()$����
− bgp `��X� :;�)�Q�� ��� [11��* " ��+�-� ;��� ['��-� Y�Z-6� " ()$�-�� ����-p ;��'6��� ,���'�� ;�UZ��� �1�1��� �/�6*� ���� �1�'& \-8� ª$�-* ;$�-6�� �F-wn \-8�� ,#�2-�
,\8�� ,�)� 5� ,\8�� 5� \8�� #�2�o.
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 151
o�P m���XIS�� :
l�,& �XU��� �m����H a& �&��> �� bvw " =�> ['��� Y�Z6� ()$�*� ��'�� �-8,�� M�-� a& l'CU ��� #,�k� �F�& [*� ,��$��& ��U�� ��8��n80 o% 4-�e 7� ,=���'� ·m�� ?�U P�6Q� ��
�1c�� ^4U� ['��� ;��� ��� �8��J� ����C� " )��* �� [�6Q�� /�p ;�uU�� $���&H P�� � [* FT �� ��&�]�� ���& a& \��]�� \),D �& �m������ q��� f�C� R�sUn40 o K-�L� ,()$�-* �-d�G �c&
���� R�sQ�j��-m,� ��+�-��� �m���-��� �-�'6� �-�$�� P-�� �d8 6� ��'6� ��$�� P� /��5� »��*$ nSPSSn o=��� 2�o
4��R7 2 6p���� q�S��� !��e� r� �R���� �-���� O�� �Cd r�� �R���� �-���� �E�S��p�7 ! =406
�C/�� O����q�S��K� J���� ��K���
�-[�H.��
�dk� I�e: ;��� ����'�* 0.88 0.00**
�dk� ��m�X� :;��� ,)�]* ;$,�� 0.83 0.00**
�dk� �X��X� :;��� �,�� ���)���� [��C*� M��Q� 0.83 0.00**
�dk� ���,� :;��� =�C*H /������¦�T$�2� 0.80 0.00**
�dk� �s��w :;��� ���� �&F��H 0.70 0.00** �dk� ����s� :;��e ����6� 0.64 0.00**
�dk� ����s� :;��e ��C+2� 0.64 0.00**
$� :;����� ��+�� ;��� ['��� ��m�Z6� " ()$��� ;��'6��� ���'��� 0.38 0.016*
* ��H�� M��s� ���)n0.05o , ** ��H�� M��s� ���)n0.01o�
=��� �� �c�)n2 o �m������ ��'6� ��$���� �m����H $�� �� $� �� �d8 6� ��'6� ��$�� »��*$
��H� M��s� ��& ;�D��*$H 04G [u�� /��n0�01 o �-�H�� M��s�8 ;�)�Q�� $� ��& �&n0�05o �-¶ ,V����� l��� �� ����� �.�� ���� �m����H f�� =��N a& =�)�
�St m��� XIS��:
�� ��&�]�� ���& a& \��]���� �XU��� l��N ,�m����H ;��A R�s.n40 oK-�L� ()$�-* �d�G �c& ½��m�,T �k�� ���� ��+����Cronbach's Alpha " ���� �G FT =���n3:o
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 152
4��R7 3 6 u�SE�)M �/�� O���� �������� �E�S��K� �St v��.7! =406
�dk� ��&;$���� ����A �k�� ;��
½��m�,T �dk� I�e :;��� ����'�* 17 0.93 �dk� ��m�X� :;��� ,)�]* ;$,��� 9 0.90 �dk� �X��X� :;��� �,�� ���)���� [��C*� M��Q� 10 0.83 �dk� ���,� :;��� =�C*H /������¦�T$�2� 10 0.85 �dk� �s��w :;��� ���� F��H�& 6 0.73 �dk� ����s� :;��e ����6� 8 0.85 �dk� ����s� :;��e ��C+2� 10 0.79 $� :;����� ;�UZ��� " ��+�� ;��� ['��� ��m�Z6� " ()$��� ����p ;��'6��� ���'��� 9 0.76
k�l# �E�S��K� 79 0.95
=��p �� �c�)n3 oA ��k*$ M�� -���� O-Qm `-�U �m���-�H $��- � ;�d8 ;$��& [u�� ;��
P� ;��X�n0�73 ,0�93o �m����H :�~ ½��m�,T �k�� ;��A ���� y'� FT ,n0�95 o 7k*,� ;��A ���� �G��m����H ;��A ��k*$ M�� a& =�) �¶�
�^�)R# XIS�� :
��� ��$�C� ��$�� #�� ��&J �� b�1�mH ��@�1��,�� IJ �1')�Q�� �XU��� l��N �m�� ��m�Z6�J Online
Survey, �}��$J� ?��m�Z6�J �-��� ��),D �& ��'�� ;��'6� ()$��� �d�G b�c&e Survey Monkey, [-* F-T )��*�1� ���<��H E�c� K�L� ?��N$� ?��m�Z6�J �$,-6�� ��+�-��� ?��@�C-UJ �-1�p��� [-* \-��]�� ����;
»�-�*$ -����� ,�-)$���� ;�8,QmH� ©�s. r����� ,�)�d� Bs���"/�-�5�" ;�-�A -����� ," �-k��½��m�,T" �$���� t.test 3��Ue �)���� �'x�nANOVA o�$���� V�k�� nScheffeo �)���� f�,k� ��$���
�1s����+�� [* j@���� 5sk* �P���-�� P��'�e :� ��-��� @�-� a-& �-��� M��s-� �-)�Q� @��'� /�� b�]&J [* �m����Hn : ?F@� =3 �?m��U� , =2 �1��+��� H ,=1o IJ ;�-��� K-'* E��C-* [* [A ,
y'�*� ,M�� �)��s�� ;�)��s� ¨�An0�66 �o )�� 6� ������ ;�]���� M�� a& CQ�� : ?F-@�n2�34 –
3o ?�m��U� ,n1�67 – 2�33o �1��+��� H ,n1 – 1�66�o ��8 ;����C� $�Q� ��s����� @��'� /�� b�]&J [*n :#�2� \8�� = 5 , \-8�� =4 , �-)� =3 , 5-�
\8�� = 2 ,#�2� \8�� 5�= 1o �dk� =�D� ,M�� �)��s�� ;�)��s� �s¿ IJ ;���� K' * E��C* [* [A ,
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 153
n0�80 o�]���� M�� a& CQ�� )�� �� E�� 6� ������ ; : #�2� \8��n4�21 – 5o \-8�� ,n3�41 –
4�20o �)� ,n2�61 – 3�40o \8�� 5� ,n1�81– 2�60o #�2� \8�� 5� ,n1 – 1�80�o _[��E XIS�� �\�NV�B�� :
_[��B��wQ +B� xy�� 4�5� 4�3���� �?���*� :"���� �=-��� ������� �C-> ^�zQ� ������� J�� ��=��
�������� ���� � � ������� � ������� ������ ���5"?
�--���À��\��s--� =|s--� a--& ,;$,--6�� R�s--U [--* ,�--)�d� Bs--��� ,����s--. ;�]--����� , �)$���� ;�8,QmH�,-����'� B�*Z�� r ['��-� ;��� ��+�-� 7-N�� 7�s-� ;�-dk� ;$�-��� ©�s-.
��m�Z6� ,���'�� ;��'6��� ()$��� " =��� " FTn4:o
4��R7 4 6 �-���|� �F���*�J�* ������� �B-Q ������� �C/�� ������ ���5 �-�-[)�� �������
�C/�� }���*���|� ~ Y�)IEK�
x��-�*�
�R��
������K� �-����
�dk� I�e -;��� ����'�*� 1.40 0.60 H �+���� 6 �dk� ��m�X�-;��� ,)�]* ;$,�� � 1.32 0.55 H ��+��� 7 �dk� �X��X�-;��� �,�� ���)���� [��C*� M��Q� � 1.56 0.60 H ��+��� 4 �dk� ���,�-;��� =�C*H /������¦�T$�2�� 1.47 0.61 H ��+��� 5 �dk� �s��w -;��� ���� �&F��H� 1.62 0.67 H ��+��� 3 �dk� ����s� −;��e ����6�� 1.94 0.77 ?�m��U� 2 �dk� ����s� -;��e ��C+2�� 2.08 0.73 ?�m��U� 1
�R�� ������K� ���� 1.63 0.65 H ��+���
=��p �� �c�)n4 o'��� ;��e ��'�� ;��'6� ()$��� �d�G b�c&� ��+�� ��$� ;�]���� /� [
()$��� " ��+��� H� ?�m��U� P� lU�,* ,()$��� " Y�Z6� � /�� li'� q6� ��+��H ��$�1�63 ��+��� H M�� " 7�*� � ��C-+2� ;��e l-m�T ?�-m��U� ��+�-� M�-� a-& ��'C-U P�'� P�dk� /� FT
����6�� �,* ����sU ;�]���� a& l'CU ��8 ;�dk� ���� ��� P� �� lU�n1�62−1�32 o M�� " 7�* �G�n��+��� H �o ��+�-� M�� �Ck* q) F�8� ,()$��� " [@� ��+�� M�� �s�@,� ;�dk� �� 3� C* t�
q) FT ,�m����H ;�d8 �� �d8 6� r�*,� Y�Z6� ['��� ;��e ()$��� �d�G b�c&�:
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 154
�C/�� D�5�− ���� �-$-���7 Educational Tools:6
4��R7 5 6 ���� 4�. �B-��� ��)d� ���U��� rS��-$-���
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
11 27 222 1 �����J–Edmodo
% 4.23 10.38 85.38 1.19 0.49 15
62 79 119 2
�� �$�� –BlackBoard
Learn % 23.85 30.38 45.77 1.78 0.81 2
7 53 200 3
#$�J;$,�� Course
Management
=����Moodle % 2.69 20.38 76.92
1.26 0.5 11
r������&,k� �dk'� ���� : ;$,�� #$�JCourse Management 1.41
14 48 198 4 5�$�T – Coursera
% 5.38 18.46 76.15 1.29 0.56 8
8 43 209 5
/�� ��)��T� –Khan
Academy % 3.08 16.54 80.38 1.23 0.49 13
9 36 215 6
;�C��;$,�� Á Course
Platforms
f�$ % 3.46 13.85 82.69
1.21 0.48 14
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : Á ;$,�� ;�C��Course Platforms 1.24
13 44 203 7
��*¦ [�'�* ��*–TED/TED
Ed % 5 16.92 78.08 1.27 0.55 10
55 89 116 8
;��� ����'�* M,�� Other
Educational
Tools
;����]* [�'��'� ��� –
Google Apps for Edu % 21.15 34.23 44.62 1.77 0.78 3
r�����dk'� ©�s. ��&,k� : M,�� ����'�* ;���Other Educational Tools 1.52
12 40 208 9
#�T�Q� ��'&�k�� PhET
Interactive Simulations % 4.62 15.38 80 1.25 0.53 12
7 27 226 10
,���T����§�� $�� –
Molecular Workbench % 2.69 10.38 86.92 1.16 0.43 16
27 55 178 11
[18��'�� –Understanding
Science % 10.38 21.15 68.46 1.42 0.67 6
31 78 151 12
�6����'�� –The Science
Network % 11.92 30 58.08 1.54 0.7 5
15 47 198 13
7N��[�'��'� ���m –NASA
Education % 5.77 18.08 76.15 1.3 0.57 7
8 24 228 14
;�����'�� [�'�* Science
Education
Tools
l)H(�H l)�m –Late Nite
Labs % 3.08 9.23 87.69 1.15 0.44 17
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 155
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
15 43 202 15 ��'& 360–Science
% 5.77 16.54 77.69 1.28 0.56 9
52 60 148 16 ��'&���& –General Science
% 20 23.08 56.92 1.63 0.8 4
110 75 75 17
B�T ��m�Z6� ���'& Science
eBooks % 42.31 28.85 28.85 2.13 0.83 1
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ��'�� [�'�* ;���Science Education Tools 1.43
r�����dk'� ���� 1.40 0.60
n� o���*'��� ;��� ��&� s's� Y�Z6� [,n o��$�� ���& ;���<�� ;$,6*�
�� =��� " j@���� b,��� =�� n5 o �dk� 04} `Q�� ����� ���� ©�s. r���� /� �<m n1.40 o 3�
��$�n�1��+��� H o��& 62� ��c�)� ����'��� ;��e �� ;��� ¨�A ��G /� ?�c)� M,-* �-���� �,-8� �1��+�� ��$��n�?m��U�o, l��m�I�e ¨�X� B*,� , �G� : ���'& B�T,��m�Z6�J �� ,�$�� ;�-���]*�
���[�'��'� � ��� ���) �$�� ��� ��+�� IJ Vm� �� 5XT " B']�� ;����p £'��� #$� [Y�Z6� , ��s�����;����]�����'�� B�6�� [�'��'� ��� , ���1s'8+�� ���-�� V��+�-� 7� ��8��� ���6� �1��
�����'�, 1� �1�'�*� ,� �G #����� ?��8 , ;H�> " ���+�s�� M,�� H�B)$�-* IJ ª�-�x Dix,. 2004) o �a&�z� �� [�,� �� #�T�Q� �,���T���� �1��'&�8� " FT ���'�� ;�CC+�� 7�~ ()$�* ;$��� �-� 5X6�
��$�T ;��$��n(Wieman, et al, 2008 HJ ��� ��$� a& l'CU n H��+��� �o ��� ���) K�L IJ E�� " j�v����)$��� , ��&� �&�� ()$��� �d�G b�c&� �N �� �1��zS���'�� [�'�* " �
�C/�� �-E�(��− ���� )��F� ��)?*�7 Course Development Tools:6
4��R7 6 6�)d� ���U��� rS� ���� 4�. �B-��� �)��F� ��)?*�
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
9 37 214 18 l)H��6�*$� –Articulate
% 3.46 14.23 82.31 1.21 0.49 6
6 26 228 19
[��C*¦ E��S*���$�� ;$,�� Authoring
�������T –Camtasia % 2.31 10 87.69
1.15 0.41 8
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 156
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
8 27 225 20 lN��� –Snagit
% 3.08 10.38 86.54 1.17 0.45 7
16 33 211 21 ©��� l)�k���T –Adobe Captivate
% 6.15 12.69 81.15 1.25 0.56 5
26 81 153 22 R���*�8 –Photoshop
% 10 31.15 58.85 1.51 0.67 2
5 23 232 23 l8�� �2* –Soft Chalk
% 1.92 8.85 89.23 1.13 0.39 9
21 59 180 24 �$�TRH −Course lab
% 8.08 22.69 69.23 1.39 0.63 3
r����©�s. ��&,k� �dk'� :[��C*¦ ���$�� ;$,�� E��S*Authoring 1.26
14 52 194 25 "5� �6m�� –Survey Monkey
% 5.38 20 74.62 1.31 0.57 4
51 101 108 26
���H;$� ;�&�]��H�
Quizzes, polls
and Survey ªLFm ��� − Google forms
% 19.62 38.85 41.54 1.78 0.75 1
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. :�&�]��H� ;$����H ;Quizzes, polls and Survey 1.35
r�����dk'� ���� 1.32 0.55
=��p �� �c�)n6 o �dk� 04} ���� ©�s. r���� /�n1�32 o ��-& M,-* �-���� �,-8� /� �-��) �¶
��$��� ,;$,�� ,)�]* ;��� ��+��n�1��+��� H o��& 62� � 04G " #��U�� ['��� #�� F��� ��� �dk� ��$� a& l'CUn�m��U� ��+��� o 0$�-N r����� ��� ªLFm �Gn1�78oªLF-m /� IJ ��-�) �-N K-�L� ,
B)$�-* �� "�-�J �-1� =4-� /��� L���e �1��+�s) /� �6�) ��� � #�-)�& ;H�-> " �-1��'&�8 l-��A��Valentín, & Kloos ,2009) �o��� a&e ��&,k� ;�dk� M��s� ;��]* ;$,�� ,)�/�8 F��]���� ����s-.
,)���� ���* � ?��~n�1��+��� Ho [�,� a& ,�� /�T ;$,�� E��S* ;��� j�v ©��� Adobe j�v� ,XT� ?$�2�m=�<� 4G " � /� FT��� ;��$�� /� IJ ;$��� j�v-� ��2-����T lN��-�� a-& ©�-�J 5AS-* F-}
& ;%�Q� lmZm vnEvans & Champion , 2007 o a-& l'CU ��� HJ r-����n1�26 o=�-) �-¶ a-& ()$��� " �® �F�GH ��&� ��m�Z6� ;$,�� E��S* =�> " 5�T E���
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 157
�C/���(��(�� − J��I*� �-$H�� �-$��?��� G�)��� ���� 7Presentation and Content Tools:6
4��R7 7 6rS� ���� 4�. �B-��� ��)d� ���U��� G�)���J��I*� �-$H�� �-$��?���
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
41 92 127 27 �@� ��� –Google Slides
% 15.77 35.38 48.85 1.67 0.73 3
191 50 19 28 $�� l�)�� –Power Point
% 73.46 19.23 7.31 2.66 0.61 1
9 50 201 29 3g),� –Prezi
% 3.46 19.23 77.31 1.26 0.51 8
23 67 170 30
��,�����)���� Presentation
�)�� 5� –SlideShare % 8.85 25.77 65.38
1.43 0.65 4
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. :� ���)���� ��,�Presentation 1.76
96 101 63 31 R��*�) –Youtube
% 36.92 38.85 24.23 2.13 0.77 2
14 42 204 32 3¬ "�� –iMovie
% 5.38 16.15 78.46 1.27 0.55 7
10 31 219 33
���,� �T,Q�� �)��k��
Animation and
Video
�*���m� –Animoto % 3.85 11.92 84.23
1.20 0.49 10
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : �)��k�� �T,Q�� ���,�Animation and Video 1.53
8 49 203 34 ,6�'8 –Flickr
% 3.08 18.85 78.08 1.25 0.5 9
24 62 174 35
$�C� Photos
�,���sm –Instagram % 9.23 23.85 66.92
1.42 0.66 5
r�����s. ©��&,k� �dk'� : $�C�Photos 1.40
13 65 182 36 ;�C� Audio ������� –Audacity
% 5 25 70 1.35 0.57 6
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ;�C�Audio 1.35
r�����dk'� ���� 1.56 0.60
��� " j@���� b,��� =�� �� =n7 o �-dk� 04} ���� ©�s. r���� /� �<mn1�56 o �-�$� 3�n H
�1��+��� o��& 62� � ��+�-� ��$� " I�e ��*,� a& CU l�)��$��� /� �<m ���� " �6��n ?F-@� o ©�s. �1]���� y'� `�Un2�66o'&�8 IJ ;$�-�� �-�� ;�-�$�� �-� �-)��� j@��m 7� \k�) 4G� ," V-��
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 158
��$�T ()$���n(James, Burke, & Hutchins, 2006 �FT ����� �,8� [u�� /� �<m M,*P-*�e ��+�-� : ��� �@�� R��*�), �-�$�� ���)���� �,�� ;��� �� n�-?m��U�o, F�-�� ;��� �-� ;��� l-� �-�G
��$� a& l'CU ���)���� �,��n�1��+��� H �oa&�� M��s� e ��&,k� ;�dk;�� �-��)���� �,-�� /�8 ,)���� ���* ����s. ���]���� [u�� n�1��+��� Ho, ��&,k� �dk� �& "��,���-��)���� " ��+�s-�8
��$��n�?m��U� o ©�s-U r-�����n1�76o �-� �-)��� " �,-�� #g-1�� ,8�-*� ,�G��-&J ���1s-� K-�L� ,;����p �� \k�* �<���� 04G� 7��$� j@��mn 3,�2�, 1434 o�-�$� a-& ()$�-�� �d�G b�c&� =�CU "
���)���� ��,�� ��+�� " �]���� �"�-� -���� [�,�� $�C-�� �)�-�k�� �-T,Q�� ��-�,� �-�z� �-� ���'�� ;�CC+�� ()$�* " ;�C��, ��$� a& l'CU ��� HJ n H�1��+��� o �*���m� #�� l'CU `�U
a& ��$� V��J ;$��� �¶ [�,��� Ne B�*Z� (Tagsold, 2013)���'�� #��� [18 " �1��z� �& � �C/�� ����)��−���� 4�H�K� !�������7 Communication and Collaboration Tools:6
4��R7 8 6���U��� ���� 4�. �B-��� ��)d� 4�H�K� !�������
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
15 59 186 37
©��� l6m�T –Adobe
Connect % 5.77 22.69 71.54 1.34 0.59 5
12 33 215 38
;,�|� Conferencing
B)� (T� –WebEx % 4.62 12.69 82.69
1.22 0.51 8
r����&,k� �dk'� ©�s. �� :�|�;, Conferencing 1.28
55 74 131 39 B)�6� –Skype
% 21.15 28.46 50.38 1.71 0.8 3
98 101 61 40
=�C*H Communication
(*� R¬ –Whatsapp % 37.69 38.85 23.46
2.14 0.77 1
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : =�C*HCommunication 1.93
5 38 217 41
/����� ¦ �T$�2� Collaboration
=��� –Doodle % 1.92 14.62 83.46
1.18 0.44 9
r�����s. ©��&,k� �dk'� : /����� ¦�T$�2�Collaboration 1.18
78 99 83 42
7N�� ��� –Google
Sites % 30 38.08 31.92 1.98 0.79 2
21 46 193 43
�6)�� Wikis �6)� gs��� –
WikiSpaces % 8.08 17.69 74.23 1.34 0.62 5
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : �6)��Wikis 1.66
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 159
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
23 58 179 44 �$�� (),� –WordPress
% 8.85 22.31 68.85 1.40 0.65 4
10 41 209 45 ,N�'� –Blogger
% 3.85 15.77 80.38 1.23 0.51 7
8 22 230 46
;�m��� Blogs
,'�� –Tumblr % 3.08 8.46 88.46
1.15 0.43 10
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ;�m���Blogs 1.26
r�����dk'� ���� 1.47 0.61
=��p �� �c�)n8 oH ;��e [1��+�-� �-�$� =�U ����� �,8� ,um ;�1��/��-���� =�C-*¦ �T$�2� � �dk� 04} ���� ©�s. r���� /�T ��8n1�47 o ��$� �G�n�1��+��� H �o�,8� [u�� ����� M,-*
H ;��� �� ;��� ¨�A ��+��=�C* ��$�� �T$�2�� n�?m��U�o'CU `�U ,lI�e ¨�X� B*,� a& , G�� :R¬ (-*�, -��� 7-N��� ,B)�6-�� �-N�;�-���]�� 04-G ���1-� IJ K-�L ��-�) �, " �1�D�s-��
��+��H,� ���6���m�> ,��T4� E*�} a& �1'��x �,<�� ��*� ,[�'��� " �1��'&�8 Bm�� IJ � l-��A� FT ��$� K�LAmry (2014), ��� ;�T� ��'&�8 (*�� R¬ " =��-�* $�-68e ;�-��'��� � /� �-<m -���� "�
u�� ()$��� �d�G b�c&� �� ����� �,8� [M,* �-� ;��� 7�-� ��+�-� ��-& ;���/��-���� =�C-*H ¦ �T$�2�, �& ��&,k� �dk� n=�C*H o �-�$�� ��+�s�8n�-?m��U� �o " ;�m��-� �-�z� �-� [�,��-�� ()$�-��
�-dD�w �-��'�� [�G�k� �� 5X6� �1�p��� " ����� ,����pn,,-]� 2007 oa-& l'C-U �-�� HJ �-�*,� ���,�,�G��&J " ������� �1p IJ ;�m��� 04G ���U IJ ���) �N 4G� , �1��zS� �&�� ��&� " ()$����
�C/�� ����@� :���� OP����� 'Q"�RK�7 Social Media Tools:6
4��R7 9 6 ���� 4�. �B-��� ��)d� ���U���OP����� �RK�'Q"
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K�\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
82 101 77 47 Z)�* –Twitter
% 31.54 38.85 29.62 2.02 0.78 1
67 81 112 48 ��s)�8 –Facebook
% 25.77 31.15 43.08 1.83 0.81 3
28 71 161 49
;�6�� ���� �&F��H Social
Media
Networks
�6��� /� –LinkedIn % 10.77 27.31 61.92
1.49 0.68 4
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 160
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K�\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
101 61 98 50 ��� +−Google+
% 38.85 23.46 37.69 2.01 0.88 2
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : �&F��H ���� ;�6��Social Media Networks 1.84
10 37 213 51 B'8 �$�� –Flipboard
% 3.85 14.23 81.92 1.22 0.5 5
3 25 232 52
ck�;� ��&F��HSocial
Favorites ��2�')� –Delicious
% 1.15 9.62 89.23 1.12 0.36 6
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ��&F��H ;�ck�Social Favorites 1.17
r���� �dk'� ���� 1.62 0.67
=��p �� �c�)n9 o �dk� 04} ���� ©�s. r���� /�n1�62o �-�$�� 3� ,n�1��+�-�� H o 62-�
��& � ����� �,8� [u�� /� �<m ,q�Ck* 62� �6��M,* �&F��H ���� ;��� �� ;��� ¨�A ��+�� ��$��n�?m��U�o, �G� :�k�� ('� ���� 5*�* a& �� (,:��� 04-G� 04-G V-� g-���* �-� �-��]�� �-<����
" �1��+�� " ���� �� ;��e,7��<�[�'��� " �1��+�� " ;����p �� �)��� Z�� �F��� �-<m ����� �,8� [u�� /� ���� "M,* �-�$�� �-&F��H -���� ;��� �-� ;��� ¨�-A ��+�-� ��& n H
��1��+�� o /J �6��� �1���– LinkedIn��1�� ���'��� 7��<� " �1��z� �� [�,��� �a&� ;�-dk� M��s-� ©�sU r����� I�e ��*,� " �&F��H ���� ;�6�� ;b�� ��8 ��&,k�n1�84 o ��$���n�?m��U� �o F���
;b����&F��H ;�ck�sU r����� ��m�X� ��*,� " ©�n1�17 o ��$���n�1��+��� H �o K-'* ��-�* �N� �-�$� j@�-�m V-*�T� �-� 4G� �1��zS� �&�� ��&� ,;��e 04G ��+�� " ����� ;$�1� Y�* IJ j@����
n ,3,�2�1434 ,Y,12� ;2009�o �C/�� �������− ���5� �-S��*�7 Office Tools:6
4��R7 10 6 ��)d� ���U��� 4�. �B-������5� �-S��*�
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
77 84 99 53 ;���s� ��� –Google Docs
% 29.62 32.31 38.08 1.92 0.82 5
204 40 16 54
�gU j�v� ����6�Suites l8���,6)��n �$��¦ sT�¦l�)��$�� o–
Microsoft % 78.46 15.38 6.15 2.72 0.57 1
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 161
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K �\������ }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
50 52 158 55 ���� (�8�� –Open Office
% 19.23 20 60.77 1.58 0.79 7
r����� ©�s. �dk'��&,k� : ����6� j�v� �gUSuites 2.07
123 78 59 56 �� )�� –Gmail
% 47.31 30 22.69 2.25 0.8 2
93 64 103 57
�)v� Y�Z6�Hemail ;�� �� –Outlook
% 35.77 24.62 39.62 1.96 0.87 3
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : Y�Z6�H �)v�email 2.11
81 80 99 58 ��� E)$� –Google Drive
% 31.15 30.77 38.08 1.93 0.83 4
61 75 124 59 R�$� (T�� –Dropbox
% 23.46 28.85 47.69 1.76 0.81 6
24 53 183 60
;�T, �,Ne
�TZ2� ¦���g��
Shared/Sy
nc drives E)$� /� –One Drive
% 9.23 20.38 70.38 1.39 0.65 8
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. :�TZ2� �,Ne ;�T, ¦� ���g� 1.69
r�����dk'� ���� 1.94 0.77
=��� b,��� =�� ��n10 o �-dk� 04-} ���� ©�s. r���� /� �<mn1�94 o �-�$� 3�n ��+�-��
�?m��U� o��& 62� ��� ��&,k� ;�dk� M��s� a&� ����6� ;�� ,)�-��� -���* �- ?��~ ����s. ���]���� /�8n�m��U� �o 62�� /� �<m q�Ck* ��$��� I�e ��*,� a& l'CU l8���,6)�� #��n ?F@�o �N �<���� 04G� ,
����6� ;��e �� ;��� (¿ l'CU F��� ,�1��+�� 7@ ��� =�<� 4G " #�@$ l8���,6)�� /� IJ ���* ��$� a&n�m��U� ��+��� �o��� �d�G b�c&� ,XT� /� IJ ���) K�L ��� `-�U ,�-�m�Z6�J �)���& [_�� ()$
;���'�� =����� ����� ;��']��� �)$�� ;���. �� Y�Z6� �)v� ���� � �-<���� 04-G l�k* �N� q)���� ,��� ��� �� T ��$� �<��m 7�n2009o Y,Gg�� ,n2005 o" ��-k*$ �-�G /� IJ l'-��* �-��
Y�Z6� �)v� ��+��()$��� �,�e ,��']� 7� [@�� ����� � P*�e /� �<m F���n ,(�8�� ����E)$� /� o ��$� a& l'CUn�1��+��� H�o
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 162
�C/�� ������� − ���5� �-H�N��7 Personal Tools:6
4��R7 11 6� ���U����-H�N�� ���5� 4�. �B-��� ��)d
� m��5� �"[�� ��E�-.� K����� �\� }���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
145 89 26 61
��� ��� �� ��'�� `U���� –
Google and Google Scholar % 55.77 34.23 10 2.46 0.67 1
129 93 38 62 �)����6)� –Wikipedia
% 49.62 35.77 14.62 2.35 0.72 3
80 91 89 63
`Q�� ¨�Q�e�Search &
Research
���6� ���N,� �)���s� SDL % 30.77 35 34.23
1.97 0.81 8
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ¨�Q�e� `Q��Search & Research 2.26
31 57 172 64 /� ;�m –One Note
% 11.92 21.92 66.15 1.46 0.7 9
26 64 170 65
�)��* ;�uU��
Note Taking � ;�m –Apple Note % 10 24.62 65.38
1.45 0.67 10
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ;�uU�� �)��*Note Taking 1.46
129 73 58 66 ��,T –Chrome
% 49.62 28.08 22.31 2.27 0.8 5
80 100 80 67 (T�8,)�8 –Fire Fox
% 30.77 38.46 30.77 2 0.79 7
124 100 36 68
;�QkC�� Browsers
lmZm$$�'�sTJ –Internet Explorer % 47.69 38.46 13.85
2.34 0.71 4
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : ;�QkC��Browsers 2.20
103 89 68 69 r@,� ��� –Google Maps
% 39.62 34.23 26.15 2.13 0.8 6
130 107 23 70
;��� M,�� Other Tools
�~Z� ��� �� –Google Translate % 50 41.15 8.85
2.41 0.65 2
r������&,k� �dk'� ©�s. : M,�� ;���Other Tools 2.27
r�����dk'� ���� 2.08 0.73
=��p �� �c�)n11 o���� �,8� ,um ;�1�� /�-T �-�8 ��C+2� ;���� [1��+�� ��$� =�U �
�dk� 04} ���� ©�s. r����n2�08 o ��$�� 3�n�?m��U� ��+��� o��-& 62-� �M,-* �-���� �,-8� [-u��� ��$�� ��C+2� ;��e �� ;��� 7�$� ��+��n ?F@�o,G� �q) FT ?������* ��*,� :n ��'�� `U��� , ���
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 163
, ��� ���~Z�$$�'�s-TJ lmZm ,�)����6)� , ��� �� �o ��-�*� �-1�u�� /� IJ �-���� j@�-��� K-'* ��p ;����]*, ����1��+�� ���1s� ;g�� , �T$�2-� a-& #$�-��� ,�-��w ��-<mJ " �-�@�k� �&´-��
�'1� ��),]� `)�Q��� M��Q�(Eric Hartnett & Regina Kory, 2013) �,* �N� ;��� ��� IJ j@���� K'* 7�()$��� " �1��+�� �� ,XT� ����� �,8e ��1� ,)�]���� �]�*,� ��C+� � a& ;��� 7�$� l'CU ���� "
��$�n�?m��U� o�G� ,��,T r@,� , ��� ,(T�8,)�8 ���N,� �)���s� ���6� SDL 04-G ��z� �� [�,� a& N�� " �G,8�*� ;��e�)���s� ���6� ���� �)���s� ;����p 7 � �-� �-���� �,-8� [u�� /� �<m 5���
()$��� �d�G b�c&�M,* P*�e ��+�� ��& n /�,;�m;�m �¬ o ��$� a& l'CU `�Un�1��+��� H o ��$� ;$��� FT �1��'&�8 �� [�,���n2010 Tofan,�o
− _[��B�� ��(�� 4�3���� �?���*� wQ +B� xy��: " �����=�� J�=� � �-[�H.# ��K� �g o�)d ��B> O>
J1�� �������� ���� � � ������ �-��� �����K� ������ ���5 ������� �C-> ^�zQ��e=f�*7 �B= �,
,�-S������ ������ ,������� � mn@� ,�-$���� �R���� ,)$�����?��'$���� 6?
����À�� 4G a& =|s�[* b,�J $���� test t- P����� ,P�'��s� 7-�,* �-�� f�,-k� a-& ^�-N�'� ,(�p 5i�� ^���HFT 3��U� �)���� $���� b,��� ���N 0�¯H ^��-�H 7-�,* ��� f�,k� a& ^�N�'�
�� T,;5i�� F�8� =��� q) n12 o 04G �,�� ���)j@���� �& f�,k� =�U ;�d8 ;��� ��+�-� 7-N�(�p 5i�� ^���H 7�,* ���� ���'�� ;��'6��� ()$��� " ��m�Z6� ['��� :
4��R7 12 6������B � ef�� Yp��K `R)� '���� �B-��� ��)d� ���U��� �F���� r� o�)/��
�C/�� �B � ����� }���*� Y�)IEK�
x��-�*�
�R��
��)|� �$-V
����J
��K���
,TL 104 25.50 7.44 �C/�� D�5�− �-$-��� ����
·Xm� 156 22.74 5.13 258 3.29 0.00**
,TL 104 12.41 3.87 �C/�� �-E�(��−������)?*� )��F�
·Xm� 156 11.54 2.76 258 1.99 0.48*
,TL 104 16.13 4.24 �C/���(��(�� −����J��I*� �-$H�� �-$��?��� G)���
·Xm� 156 15.31 3.19 258 1.78 0.076
,TL 104 15.33 4.37 �C/�� ����)��−����!������� 4�H�K�
·Xm� 156 14.28 3.18 258 2.24 0.026*
,TL 104 10.16 2.90 �C/�� ����@�−���� 'Q"�RK� OP�����
·Xm� 156 9.37 2.44 258 2.40 0.017*
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 164
�C/�� �B � ����� }���*� Y�)IEK�
x��-�*�
�R��
��)|� �$-V
����J
��K���
,TL 104 16.14 3.85 �C/�� ������� −���5� �-S��*�
·Xm� 156 15.08 3.99 258 2.13 0.034*
,TL 104 20.81 4.58 �C/��������� −���5� �-H�N��
·Xm� 156 20.85 4.44 258 0.08 0.937
* ��H�� M��s� ��& ?��@�CUJ ���n0.05o , ** ��H�� M��s� ��& ?��@�CUJ ���n0.01o�
F�8 \'��) (�p 5i���, =��p �� �c�) n12 o ��H�� �)��s� ��& ��@�CUJ ��H� ;L f�,8 ��G /�
n0�01 ,0�05 o;b�� `�U$�T4� ���C� f�,k� 04G 7�~ ��K�L�-�$� V-��J l'��* �� Andoh, 2012) o��� £/� l�£�� � ()$��� " ;������ ��+�� " ���$ N� ¨�m ?,-um ,$�T4-� [G,@�u�� �m$�� [�$�-1� �-'��
�������� [1�F�G�� −o�)/�� `=R)� '=���� �-$���� �-����� ������� � �-E������ ������ ���� ������� `V�� �Cd 4�.
)$��� ef�� Yp��K,'$���� ��?�� ,�-S������ ������ ,������� � mn@� ,�-$���� �R���� :
4��R7 13 6 x��.5� ���S��� O-�� ��S��� _[��E7ANOVA 6������ ����=�� ���� �����=�� `=V�� �=Cd 4�. �B-��� ��)d� ���U��� r� o�)/���=-E�
������� �ef�* x1�� �������
ef�*� �C/�� ��H����S��� j�$a���)� �R��
��)|�
}����
���)*� �$-VY J������K���
P�;�&��<� 640.9 5 128.17 �dk�I�e : ����'�* ;���
��;�&��<� 9617.0 254 37.86 3.39 0.006**
P�;�&��<� 160.3 5 32.07 �dk���m�X� :;$,�� ,)�]* ;���
��;�&��<� 2609.4 254 10.27 3.12 0.009**
P�;�&��<� 107.4 5 21.49 �dk��X��X� :� �,�� ;��� ���)���
��;�&��<� 3358.3 254 13.22 1.63 0.154
P�;�&��<� 130.0 5 26.00 �dk����,� :/������ =�C*H ;���¦�T$�2�
��;�&��<� 3475.0 254 13.68 1.90 0.095
P�;�&��<� 29.6 5 5.91 �dk� �s��w : �&F��H ���� ;���
��;�&��<� 1798.6 254 7.08 0.84 0.526
P�;�&��<� 86.2 5 17.24 �dk�����s� : ����6� ;��e
��;�&��<� 3972.8 254 15.64 1.10 0.36
P�;�&��<� 169.1 5 33.82
)$���
�dk�����s� : ��C+2� ;��e � �;�&��<� 5042.8 254 19.85
1.70 0.134
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 165
ef�*� �C/�� ��H����S��� j�$a���)� �R��
��)|�
}����
���)*� �$-VY J������K���
P�;�&��<� 108.3 4 27.08 �dk�I�e :����'�* ;���
��;�&��<� 10149.5 255 39.80 0.68 0.606
P�;�&��<� 43.3 4 10.82 �dk���m�X� :;$,�� ,)�]* ;���
��;�&��<� 2726.5 255 10.69 1.01 0.402
P�;�&��<� 52.2 4 13.06 �dk��X��X� : ���)���� �,�� ;���
��;�&��<� 3413.5 255 13.39 0.98 0.421
P�;�&��<� 47.1 4 11.77 �dk����,� :/������ =�C*H ;���¦�T$�2�
��;�&��<� 3557.9 255 13.95 0.84 0.499
P�;�&��<� 15.1 4 3.79 �dk��s��w :F��H ���� ;����&
��;�&��<� 1813.0 255 7.11 0.53 0.712
P�;�&��<� 104.8 4 26.19 �dk�����s� :����6� ;��e
��;�&��<� 3954.2 255 15.51 1.69 0.153
�P;�&��<� 27.5 4 6.88
�R�����-$����
�dk�����s� :��C+2� ;��e ��;�&��<� 5184.4 255 20.33
0.34 0.852
P�;�&��<� 179.3 3 59.77 �dk�I�e :����'�* ;���
��;�&��<� 10078.5 256 39.37 1.52 0.21
P�;�&��<� 24.7 3 8.23 �dk���m�X� :�� ,)�]* ;���;$,
��;�&��<� 2745.1 256 10.72 0.77 0.513
P�;�&��<� 43.4 3 14.48 �dk��X��X� : ���)���� �,�� ;���
��;�&��<� 3422.3 256 13.37 1.08 0.357
P�;�&��<� 28.2 3 9.41 �dk����,� :/������ =�C*H ;���¦�T$�2�
��;�&��<� 3576.8 256 13.97 0.67 0.569
P�;�&��<� 28.5 3 9.51 �dk��s��w :�&F��H ���� ;���
��;�&��<� 1799.6 256 7.03 1.35 0.258
P�;�&��<� 83.6 3 27.88 �dk�����s� :����6� ;��e
��;�&��<� 3975.3 256 15.53 1.80 0.148
P�;�&��<� 25.8 3 8.59
mn@�
��������-
�dk�����s� :��C+2� ;��e ��;�&��<� 5186.1 256 20.26
0.42 0.736
P�;�&��<� 332.1 3 110.71 �dk�I�e :����'�* ;���
��� ;�&��< 9925.7 256 38.77 2.86 0.038*
P�;�&��<� 103.5 3 34.49 �dk���m�X� :;$,�� ,)�]* ;���
��;�&��<� 2666.3 256 10.42 3.31 0.021*
P�;�&��<� 170.0 3 56.66
������
�-S������
�dk��X��X� :���� �,�� ;������)
��;�&��<� 3295.8 256 12.87 4.40 0.005**
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 166
ef�*� �C/�� ��H����S��� j�$a���)� �R��
��)|�
}����
���)*� �$-VY J������K���
P�;�&��<� 136.5 3 45.49 �dk����,� :������ =�C*H ;���/¦�T$�2�
��;�&��<� 3468.5 256 13.55 3.36 0.019*
P�;�&��<� 101.7 3 33.90 �dk��s��w :�&F��H ���� ;���
��;�&��<� 1726.5 256 6.74 5.03 0.002**
P�;�&��<� 251.0 3 83.65 �dk�����s� :����6� ;��e
��;�&��<� 3808.0 256 14.88 5.62 0.001**
P�;�&��<� 209.4 3 69.80 �dk�����s� :��C+2� ;��e
��;�&��<� 5002.5 256 19.54 3.57 0.015*
P�;�&��<� 671.2 4 167.79 �dk�I�e :����'�* ;���
��;�&��<� 9586.7 255 37.60 4.46 0.002**
P�;�&��<� 103.2 4 25.79 �dk���m�X� :;$,�� ,)�]* ;���
��;�&��<� 2666.6 255 10.46 2.47 0.045*
P�;�&��<� 176.4 4 44.09 �dk��X��X� : ���)���� �,�� ;���
��;�&��<� 3289.4 255 12.90 3.42 0.01**
P�;�&��<� 172.9 4 43.24 �dk����,� :/������ =�C*H ;���¦�T$�2�
��;�&��<� 3432.0 255 13.46 3.21 0.013*
P�;�&��<� 89.0 4 22.26 �dk��s��w :�&F��H ���� ;���
��;�&��<� 1739.1 255 6.82 3.26 0.012*
P�;�&��<� 297.0 4 74.26 �dk�����s� :����6� ;��e
��;�&��<� 3762.0 255 14.75 5.03 0.001**
P�;�&��<� 123.6 4 30.91
��?��
'$����
�dk�����s� :��C+2� ;��e ��;�&��<� 5088.2 255 19.95
1.55 0.188
* ��H�� M��s� ���)n0.05o , ** ��H�� M��s� ���)n0.01o
=��� b,��� =�� ��n13 o�-d�G b�c-&� ��+�-� M�� " ��@�CUJ ��H� ;L f�,8 ��G /� �<m ()$��� ;��e ['��� Y�Z6� Mg�* ;5i�� ,,��� ;$���� ,���)$��� F��� t ,1u* K'* f�,k� 35i��
��$�� ,���'�� #vw� " $���() ���$��� K'* ;�m$���['��-� ;��� ;�-d8 =�U f�,k� /���� � £)���� , ��� ,��$�� ;5i�� ^���H 7�,* ����+�� V�k�� $���� nScheffeo FT j@���� lm�T� ,q):
��H� M��s� ��& ��@�CUJ ��H� ;L f�,8 ���*n0�01 o �-dk� �-� T =�U ����� �,8� ;���<��Hn��;$,�� ,)�]* ;���� ,����'�* ;� o [G$F&� �)4��8 ,,��� 5i�� ^���H 7�,*�n �-� -N�25��-� o
vT� [G$F&� lm�T �¶ P�dk� P*�G a& ��8�� ,XT� �m�T � ��$� �G´k* �<���� 04G�Afshari, et.al. 2009) o
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 167
��� IJ l'��* /� [G �s� " $�iC�� $�T4� #4*��e ������ ��+�� " ���$ ,XTe � ?�c-)� V-*�T� �� 4G�Osika., Johnson., & Buteau, 2009) o ��-& IJ j@�-��� 52-�8 ()$��� " #vw� ���'�� ��$ �� 35i�� ���
��@�CUJ ��H� ;L f�,8 ���� � ���-� �-�$� 7-� �-<���� 04-G l-�k*�n2007o Y,-Gg�� ,n2005o , 3,�2��n1434 o,�-����� ��+�-� " #v-w ;��s� Mg�* �?�@�CUJ ��� f�,8 ���� ��& IJ ;$��� ���
�6���1 lk'�� ��$� �& Afshari, et.al. 2009) o��� IJ l'��* V-m� #L��-�e #v-� ;��-� l-'N F-'T " $��� " [�v� l�k*$ �� 7� �m$��� B��. ��+�� " [1���$ ;�� ,()$���()�
M��s-� �-�& ��@�C-UJ �-�H� ;L f�,8 ���* Vm� =��p �� �c�) ,���)$��� ;$����� \'��) �� "� ��H�n0�01 o /� `-�U ,���)$��� ;$��� 5i�� ^���H 7�,*� ,;�dk� 7�~ =�U ����� �,8� ;���<��H
a& �'CU �¶ ����� �,8� �&��> �� Tn3 – 5 o �� ;$��n,XT� �� 5�-��)$�* ;$�� o a-& �-�8�� ,-XT� �-����� ;�dk�n ;��e ,�-&F��H -���� ;��� ,�-��)���� ��,-�� ;��� ,;$,-�� ,)�-]* ;���
��C+2� ;��e ,����6� o a& �'CU �¶ ����� �,8� �&��> ��n1 – 2 o���)$�* #$�� � j@�-��� 04G \k�*� 3,�2� ��$� 7�n1434 o� ����n2007o ��$�� Osika., Johnson., & Buteau, 2009) o" /� #4*�-�e
��+��H �)gG�� ,XTe [G B)$��� 3�L;��� " Y�Z6� ['��� ��'�������'��� � =��-� �-� ?�c-)� �c�)�n13 o �-�H� M��s-� �-�& ��@�C-UJ �-�H� ;L f�,-8 �-��* V-m�n0�01o
�,8� ;���<��H��m�Z6� ['��� ;��� ;�d8 [u�� =�U �����, 5i�� ^���H 7�,*� [s�� �& ��'�� ����s� �dk� : ,��C+2� ;��e3��s�� P� �1��+�� " �)¸,�� ;���. ,��sNe �<m FT £/� �,8� �-����
I�e �dk� a& ��8�� ,XT� �m�T b�)g�k� [sN �� ���,�� ���s��� �� M,-�� ��s-N� �� ����� �,8� �&��> ��'�� ��'T �� �FT ����� �,8� /� ���-X��X� �-dk� a-& �-�8�� ,-XT� �m�T b��Ue [sN� b�)g�k� [sN : ;���
M,�e ;��'6� �� ����� �,8� �� ���)���� �,�� � Äf,* t F����-�m�X� �-dk� =�-U f�,-k� : ,)�-]* ;���$,�� ;�&��> P� ;��sNe��@�CUJ ��H� ;L M��s� IJ ��6�)� /� ���) a& ;����p �F�& ���� K�L
62� �1'��k*� ��m�Z6� ;$,��,���$ ��� b�-)g�k� [sN ���C� ��sNe P� f�,k'� ��s���� �-N ��-�) IJ ����D ;L ��@�)g�k� ��'�� ;H�<� �&���� ª��x ���� ,�1s)$�* ��k�� Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� �� �)���
����. ��$� 7� �<���� 04G \k�*�n2005o YF��� ,n2005 o 3,�2��n1434 o��-�� IJ ;$�-�� �-�� ��'�� [s��� ��'6� ���� Mg�* ��@�CUJ ��� f�,8�
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 168
_[��B��w=Q +B� xy�� X��(�� 4�3���� �?���*� :" �=�=��� ���=I��� � ����=��� �=C-> ^�z=Q� b=R��� '
�-��� ������� � �����K� ������ ���� ��������������� ���� � � ������ "?
����À��;$,6�� R�sU [* \��s� =|s� a& ,�)�d� Bs��� ,����s. ;�]����� , ;�8,QmH� �)$����, ;$���� ©�s. r����'� B�*Z�� ,$�Q�q) F�8 ���� �G FT :
4��R714 6 �B-��� ��)d� ���U������S�� ��% :�����-E������ ������ ���� ������� � �.�?��
�R�� ��R� x�I���
� m��S��� Wd���
m�N� Wd��� ���% e�Wd��� e�m�N� Wd���
}���*�
~��|�
Y�)IEK�
x��-�*� �-��
��
53 108 55 36 8 1
E����s� ����p �� ���� [&�� M��m�Z6� ['��� ;��� ��+��H� % 20.38 41.54 21.15 13.85 3.08
3.62 1.05 4
74 106 42 32 6 2
�'N� ;$��� ���)$�� ��+���� �]�*,� ��m�Z6� ['��� ;���� % 28.46 40.77 16.15 12.31 2.31
3.81 1.06 2
90 102 43 24 1 3
#��)� �d�G �c�� 3$�� º)$��� bB�� ()$���� % 34.62 39.23 16.54 9.23 0.38
3.98 0.96 1
66 117 42 31 4 4
�'N #g1�e ���� �& #,8��� ;���'�� ()$��'� ������ j�v��� % 25.38 45 16.15 11.92 1.54
3.81 1 2
51 89 54 54 12 5
�E�+��H R�]� ���8� �� ;��� ����p ()$��� " ��m�Z6� ['���� % 19.62 34.23 20.77 20.77 4.62
3.43 1.16 6
47 103 64 44 2 6 �8�XT���$�� ;$,�� �
% 18.08 39.62 24.62 16.92 0.77 3.57 1 5
58 73 52 70 7 7 #,XT��� " R�]� ��&� ���$�� ;�&�
% 22.31 28.08 20 26.92 2.69 3.4 1.18 7
38 77 66 72 7 8 ON lN� #%�Q��
% 14.62 29.62 25.38 27.69 2.69 3.26 1.1 8
8 26 46 109 71 9
��& ['��� ;��� ��+�� M��<� ����NH ����p ()$��� " Y�Z6�� % 3.08 10 17.69 41.92 27.31
2.2 1.05 9
}���*������ 3.45 1.06
$�Q� 4G a& ��8�� ��$�� ���� ©�s. r���� /� \��s� =��p �� �c�)n3�45 o r-���� �G� ��$�� 7�)n\8�� o��& 62� �F�-�� ,;$�-�& l-� a-& \-8�* ����� �,8� [u�� /�8 ;$���� M��s� a&�
P*$���� a& \8�* ����� �,8� [u��n7 ,8 o ��$��n�)� �o#$���� a& /��8�) H ����� �,8� /� �<m ?5���
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 169
n9 o#5�e ��*,� " ;b�� `�U� 3,�2� ��$� 7� j@���� 04G \k�*�n1434o [&�-� M��s-� E�-� �-G ;�)�-Q�� 04G [G� /� " ,
����p " ��k� �� \k�*� YF�-� �-�$� 7� ?�c)n2005o ,)�-]*� ��-&J " E�-� ��-�� IJ ;$�-�� �-�� , Y�Z6� ['��� =�> " ()$��� �d�G b�c&� ;$�1� � �s-�Q� �-�$� ;$�-�� FTn2000 o ;�-&�N /� IJ
()$��� �-���� ;��e� ��m�Z6�H #g1�e ��� ,8�* " ��m �1�8 ,[�-'��'� \-k�)� K�4-T 7-� �-�$� James, Burke & Hutchins, 2006) o34� v��) /� ���m B)$��� =��k� �� [G� ;�N��� ��'��� j�� �-�����
" ()$��� �FT $��� Hendersonn 2000o, IJ /� ��G ��& �A�A 7�� �$�� ��'�� �� ��+�� ������ " ;%�Q� �G :��& ,8�* ,#g1�e ��k+m� �� )�� ,:�� ���m� �-)¸,� �-�<1��� �F-T M,-* �-XU��� /�
^,��� a& ;�N��� �����e �G�)�x� ��) #�]w I�e =���'� IJ U ,B���� �8���� IJ �-�z� =g-& ;�N��� ;L 5AS�� ,vTe g�TZ�� a& �1'U ?H�� �N ��$� ;�N��� Ne ?5AS*�
��� .�?*�� wQ ��f��� wQ �Q��� '��� J)�5� ���I���� ����H�� �� �B-��� ��)d� )AE �\R� ��
��� �� ������� �C-> ^�zQ�: − ���NJa& ()$��� �d�G b�c&e ���)$�* ;$�� [�'��� " ;��e ��+�� ��k�T ,Y�Z6�H �,8�
��g�J 62� �1c��� − µZN b�c&e ��)��T� ��,� ���� ()$��� �d�G,[s-N T " R�]��� #��� , V-��� �-� [1�-6�)
� �)�� �G �� T �8,��[G�&�s) a& \��]*[�'��� " Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� � − �F�GH [&���� ��k� ,*����6� #g1�e ��)����� ����� ;�&��� " � − ���DJ ��� ,#%�Q�$�� �&��� " R�]� ��& �� �'���� ���� − �m @���� 04G ��+�� �8��A �G,A�� ['��� a& �g�J��® b�c&e �
�-P���� :
" b�� j@��m ��$�� ����. /�8 �XU���Å�* F� q): • �m �&�� ��zS� ['��� ;��� E�!�* Y�Z6� �� =�� @�-�� ��-&;�-��� ����-p
�)��Z� ���J��'�& ���� �]�� #�� T \��`�Q� /�6* ��&��;$,�� ��� �� �'X�S� .
• ��TS�� �GS* a& L���ep ���� ",Y�Z6� ['��� =�> � �)�x� ��@�N ;�)�k6 ['��� Y�Z6�
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 170
()$��'� �����"��'�� ��'6� ���'�� ;�CC+�� , �1������ ������� �-��� b�-�Ue� b�-���6� ��s-N� " sN��M,�e ��'�� ���
• [��C* �'s'�� �� j�v ���)$������'�� ;��'6� " , ��@�N a& #����� /�6* `�Q� ;��� ['��� �)�x " :�. `Q�� j@��m �� #��k��H� ,��$�� " �UZ��� ����'��� ^�Ge BsQ� �k�C� ��m�Z6�
���)$��� ;�����UHb�c&e$��� �d�G ���'�� ;��'6��� () � • ��&J ��)��T� ��,� ���*��'6��� ��'& [sN T " ()$��� �d�G b�c&e ,� #��k��� V�� "B)$�*
V@��� " \��]*Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� ,()$��� " �1'��k*� ,[��C*� ;%� ��m�Z6�J 7-� �1�T$�2-�� b�c&e �N��.
• E�k³ bB�� �$��b�c&� a& ,()$��� �d�G 58�*� �c& 6� �&�s� �� �� �)�c& b�c-&e ['��� ;��� \��]�� ��'��� ��1� ��� " �m����'�Y�Z6��
• b��� 62� ������ Y�Z6� [�'��� ;��� ��� \��]* " ,��),¯� ,)�]*��& ��� ;$,�� �� ,�?�m�Z6�J � ?��C� �]�*,��� ������ ªL�-��T ;v�+ b�c&e ()$��� �d�G ��'6���� • 58�* ����� ,���Q�� " X��*� ��&J-� ����� ���$�� ;�&��� #g1�e�H� ;�-��� ,l-mZmL 3
P����� �)g+��� �&´�,()$��� " Y�Z6� ['��� ;��� ��+�� ��k�� � • 58�* [&�� ��k� B���� b�c&e �d�G ()$�-�� R�-]���-1��� 3� =�-]&� �-��8" ;g-�1¯
=�Ck� ��m�Z6�.
* * *
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 171
� ���H*� �$[�V`R�)*�
�K�� :�-�)��� `R�)*�:
��� ,,��� �����s� ��&� � q)���n 2009 :o`V�� b=�VpQ� �=�3� �=���R � �-=����� � v���I�� ������� �C-> ^�zQ� �������
�ef�*� ��S� �> �)��Z� ��'�� �',��sk��� 10n3o ,218−242 � ,3���s. \8�� n2006 :o,A� R���.� lmZmH �� T ��+�� "$��� ;��m�Z6�J ()$�* # ���,16� "�'� ��']� ���8� ['�
[��G�¯��G�Qm �f,�� : �1������� " ,�)²��� [�'��� �d�G ������ ,����. fv� ��Æn2005 :o`V�� �����$�� �-*���� ��SN�� ������� 7�=E�EK� 6 �=-�M vp=�� ����=��� �=C-> ^�z=Q� J�=�
��)�*� ��$� r$��*�,#$�2�� 5� 5�s��� ����$ � ��'T,���Z���,6� �6� ,M,�� � ����� � ,3��k'. ���� n2006 :o;�A�Q�s� �-����� �-R���B�� � �Q �����*�, ,/F&,6k� $� �
, ���� &�2� ��&)g�� gn2007 :o������ ^��=��K� �-����� �IE ���� ��*� ����U� �-���� �-��� ������� �C-> ��zQ ���
�-����� �'��� � � 5� 5�s��� ����$#$�2�� � ��'T,���Z� K'� ����� ,���� ��),�� ,�X)�,� �� /F)J n1434 :o������� ����� �-B?� 2.0 '��� � �-����� � 7 �-d���−����−�E��*�− OR�R�=��6, �'s-'�
,����p ()$��� " P&���'� ����� ·��'� " ����� ����p ['���� [�'��� ;����T22 – 24¦ 3 ¦ 1434--G �-����� , ��� ����<��� ��),� ,���� �� .
,Y,Gg� �Æ �� n2005:o `V�� �=����*� �=-R���B��� !��=�*�� 4��=S�� �=\d �=�*� ����R � ������� �C-> ^�zQ� �������
� K�H�K��������� ����$�#$�2�� 5� 5�s��� � ��'T,���Z� ����p ��m�$e ,/�$e� ,Y,12� ²�m n2009 :o [�'��� ��+�� B��]�Y�Z6� "�* ()$��]� ��'�� [�'����� ���:��� ,-um �1�� �� PC-�+� �
5� 0$��T� ����$,#$�2�� �� ����� ,M,�� �6� ,��,6� ���,�� �6'�� �)���s�� ,3,�2� �)�& �k�]� n1434 :o��+�� 7N� b�c&� �d�G �� �� ��� ����� " ()$��� ��������� [�'��'� Y�Z-6�H
¯� ()$��� " [��G�,0�Qm 5� 5�s��� ����$ ,#$�2�� ����� ,���e��),� � ,3$���� �Æ� /F�'� n2013 :o ?�m�Z6�J b�)g�k� ()$�* ��'&�8��-�>,� ��+�-��� l-mZmH v& �-�$�-� � " [�G�-k� �C-x
b�)g�k� [sN ��'D M�� ��@�)g�k�"����p , ��a ������ �������, 25n 1o, 179− 201��),� � ,,]� �&F�J �� n2007 :o " ��m�Z6�J �m��� �����8ª�& �-��'�� [�G�-k�'� S-]w ;$�C�� M�-� 7-���� EC-� R�-D
����� ����p �Qm [��G�¯� ���e–#g� � ,�s�Q� [�G,�Jn 2000 :o`V��� ���� �� �-���� �-�M � v���|� ������� �V���� �������� ��-�� ,�)��Z� �'<�n57o ,
31−68� ,©�m �G�m n2009 :o�����8 $,-�� L�-³ #$�-1�� ",-�� /�-6� ����* " Y�Z6�H ['��� a& [@�N b�)g�k� ['�� ��&J " j��m,�
0�¯H��QmP�'�� R�]� M�� Y�Z6�H ['��� ��'> ,���'�� ���Z� �'> 12, 2009�
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 172
#$�� r�]+��� ��C�NH n2015 :o #���� ��s�w �]wn2015−2019 �o
,YF��b��G n �2005 �o�-����� �=-B?� �=Q �=S�F�� ^�=0 � x����=�� k�=��� �-=����� bR��� '��� ���I��� �\R��* �����K�
�����*� � 5� 0$��T� ����$#$�2�� ��'T� �� ����� ,���Z� M,����,6� �6� � ��-E�t :�-SBR5� `R�)*�:
Afshari, M., Kamariah Abu Bakar, Wong Su Luan, Bahaman Abu Samah & Foo Say Fooi (2009). Factors affecting teachers’
use of information and communication technology. International Journal of Instruction, 2(1), 80-80.
Amry, A. (2014) The Impact of WhatsApp Mobile Social Learning on The Achievement and Attitudes of Female Students
Compared with Face to Face Learning in the Classroom. European Scientific Journal August 2014 edition vol.10,
No.22 ISSN: 1857 – 7881.
Anderson, P. (2007). What is Web 2.0? Ideas, technologies and implications for Education. jisc Technology & Standards
Watch.
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=What+is+Web+2.0%3F+Ideas,&hl=ar&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart
Accessed on the 5th of January, 2015 at11:00P.
Andoh Buabeng-, C. (2012) (n.d.). Factors influencing teachers’ adoption and integration of information and communication
technology into teaching: A review of the literature. International Journal of Education and Development Using
Information and Communication Technology, 8(1), 136-155.
Burke, S., & Snyder, S. (2008). YouTube: An Innovative Learning Resource for College Health Education Courses.
International Electronic Journal of Health Education, 11, 39-46. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from ERIC.
Chang Chun-Yen and G. LEE (2010) A Major E-Learning Project To Renovate Science Leaning Environment In Taiwan.
TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology – January 2010, volume 9 Issue 1(7-12)
Dix, A. (2004). Human-computer Interaction (3rd ed.). Harlow, England: Pearson/Prentice-Hall.
Eric Hartnett & Regina Kory (2013) using Google Apps Through the electronic Resource life cycle collection management ,
37: 1, 47- 54, DOI:
Evans, R., & Champion, I. (2007). Enhancing Online Delivery beyond PowerPoint. Community College Enterprise, 13(2),
75-84. Retrieved March 2, 2015, from ERIC. Hart, J. (2014) 2014 Top 100 Tools for Learning. Accessed on March 2,
2015 at http://c4lpt.co.uk/top100tools/
Hart Jane (2013) a practical guide to the top 100 tools for learning. Centre for Learning & Performance Technologies.
Henderson, K. (2000) the effect of first and second order barriers on the ideal and actual integration of computer technology
into the high science classroom, Dissertation Abstracts International
Hashemi, M., & Azizinezhad, M. (2011). The Capabilities of Oovoo and Skype for Language Education. World Conference
on Educational Technology Researches, 28, 50-53. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from Science Direct.
James, K., Burke, L., & Hutchins, H. (2006). Powerful or Pointless? Faculty Versus Student Perceptions of PowerPoint Use
in Business Education. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly, 69(4), 374-396. Retrieved March 1,
2015, from Sage Journals.
National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) (2000). NSTA Position Statement: The Nature of Science.
Osika, E., Johnson, R., & Buteau, R. (2009). Factors Influencing Faculty Use of Technology in Online Instruction: A Case
Study. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, XII(1)
Patterson, T. (2007). Google Earth as a (Not Just) Geography Education Tool. Journal of Geography, 106(4), 145-152.
Retrieved January 1, 2015, from Taylor & Francis Online
Rowe, M., Bozalek, V., & Frantz, J. (2013). 5. Using Google Drive to facilitate a blended approach to authentic learning.
British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(4), 594–606-594–606. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from Wiley Online
Library.
Tagsold, J. (2013). Dual-Coding Theory and Empathy: How Animoto can Animate English Language Arts Classrooms to the
Core. Meridian: A K-16 School Computer Technologies Journal, 16(1). Retrieved March 1, 2015, from Meridian.
Tofan, D. (2010). Using a Tablet PC and OneNote 2007 To teach Chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 87(1), 47–48-
47–48. Retrieved January 1, 2015, from ACS Publications.
Trowbridge, L., Bybee, R. and Powell, J. (2000) Teaching Secondary School Science: Strategies for Developing Scientific
Literacy, 7th edition, New Jersey.
Valentín, L., Pardo, A., & Kloos, C. (2009). Using Third Party Services to Adapt Learning Material: A Case Study with
Google Forms. In Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines (4th ed., pp. 744-750). Berlin, Germany: Springer
Berlin Heidelberg.
Virtanen, P., Myllärniemi, J., & Wallander, H. (2012). DIVERSIFYING HIGHER EDUCATION: INNOVATIVE TOOLS
TO FACILITATE DIFFERENT WAYS OF LEARNING. ICICTE 2012 Proceedings, 105-105. Retrieved March 1,
2015, from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/85747927/diversifying-higher-education-innovative-tools-
facilitate-different-ways-learning. Accessed on the 20th of Februry, 2015 at 12:00P.
Wieman, C. et al (2008). PhET: Simulations that Enhance Learning. www.sciencemag.org , pp. 682-683. Accessed on the
28th of Februry, 2015 at 3:00P.
�������� ���� �� ������ ����� � ������� ������ ���� ����������
The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015 173
Yoon S. Anne (2005) Exploring the Application of an Evolutionary Educational Complex Systems Framework to Teaching
and Learning about Issues in the Science and Technology Classroom. PHD Dissertation, Department of Curriculum,
Teaching and Learning Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto
Yang, Kun-Yuan. & Heh, Jia-Sheng. (2007). The Impact of Internet Virtual Physics LaboratoryInstruction on the
Achievement in Physics, Science Process Skills and Computer Attitudes of 10th-Grade Students. Journal of Science
Education and Technology, 16(5), 451-461.
* * *
'(��)�� �&� �$% !"�#
�-0��)��� ������ �-��� � 1-$��� )23�4�5� :6STEM7 − 1436=> 174