TOPIC: POST MODERNISM&POPULAR CULTURE

PAPER:8 THE CULTURAL STUDIES(2983)

PR EPAR E D BY: AR AT I R .M AH E TAR OLL N O. :3P.G .E N R OLLM E N T N O. :13101019SE M :2E M AIL ID : DAVE AR AT I656@ GM AIL .C O MSU BM IT T ED T O :S M T.S .B .GAR DI

DE PART M E N T OF E N GL ISH

M AH AR A JA K R ISH N AKU M AR S IN H J I

BH AVN AGAR U N IVE R S IT Y, BH AVN AGAR

POST-M

ODERNISM

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INTRODUCTION

The Post-Modernism era came after the end of the Modern era, but it’s impossible to say exactly when.

The Modern era was the time of recovery from World War II, which started globalization.

Time period: From late 1970s to today

It rejects the opposition between 'high 'or elite culture & ‘low 'or mass culture

It interrogates any notion,philosofy or ideal of general universal and overarching nature.

It rejects the claim of any universal or totalizing theory

It celebrates plurality ,heterogeneity, and the small, local, innovative, marginalized and unfinished narratives that respect difference and specificities of culture, individuals and regions

In literature it collapses the distinction between genres and conventions.

The thriller formats becomes part of the ‘serious novel. Comic elements and absurdity mark the author’s attitude to

tragic events like death, suffering.

Jean-Francois LyotardJEAN BAUDRILLARD

E.G.Josef Heller's

Catch 22

The fiction of Kurt Vonnegut

Paul Virilio

Myths ,fairy tales, legends and contemporary realities merge

Donald Barthelme

Salman Rushdie

Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Historical figures jostle with contemporary people

E.g. use of Goethe and Hemingway as character by Milan kundera.

It becomes impossible to distinguished between reality and illusion ,for both the characters and reader.

E.g. Pynchon's ‘’The Crying of lot 49

The distinction between ‘real’ history and ‘mere’ fiction is called into question

E.g. Graham Swift’s ‘’Waterland’’.

WHAT IS POST-MODERNISM?Many way’s to describe it and how it started:

Something with no absolute truth.

Depicts that reality is a social constrict and is subject to change.

Where “Breaking the Rules” is something EVERYBODY is doing and becomes common, or what’s expected (ie. Boring).

Urge to depart from the norm lost its impact when it BECAME the norm.

People give up trying to break traditions.

The era where Modern art is accepted by the public.

Andy

Warh

ol

The Modern era, basically, broke all the rules that

could be broken.

MORE ABOUT THE ERA

What influenced it?

Some say it was World War II that started it. The strength of unification and dying thought of objectivity brought about this era.

Other say the overuse of modern art caused it. Everybody was doing the “unique” (breaking traditional rules), which became the normal.

Where it began/spread?

Began:GermanyWestern America

Spread:Eastern AmericaEuropeIndiaAsia

Barbara Kurger

This is a difficult era to describe only

because we’re still experiencing it.

ARCHITECTURE

These buildings didn’t have any identity, purpose, meaning, or mystery.

During Post-Modern, architects created these buildings on the next slide…

These are MODERN buildings.

The best of Post-Modernism is displayed in architecture.

The utopian, International Style of buildings (refer to the left pictures) was popular back then, even during the Modern era.

Michael Graves

Thorn Mayne

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PAINTING

Pop Art(Before Post-Modern)

Post-Modern artists were known as Neo-expressionisms, whom use vivid color to express objects and human beings.

Post-Modern paintings came right after the end of Pop Art.

You can very easily tell the difference between the two.

Post-Modern Art

Elizabeth Murray

Susan Rothenberg

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More

than

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now

Jazz

Susan Rothenberg was the first few artists in this era.

She combines minimalism with cubism, creating mystery VS material elements in her paintings.

Elizabeth Murray combines personal meaning with innovative form, especially in More than you know.

PHOTOGRAPHY

Modern Photography always had one thing in common:One subject and an objective meaning.

Post-Modern Photography has a subject and many hidden meanings, while avoiding any one objective meaning.

Modern

Trust Absolute Truth

Fact through logic and

observation

Desire for an absolute doctrine

Emphasized logic

proportions

Post-Modern

Reject truth, point out

assumptions

Facts created by assumptions

Diversity of doctrines

Emphasizes story, journey,

discovery

POPULAR CULTURE

There was a time before 1960s when popular culture was not studied by academics-where it was well, just popular culture.

There are 4 types of popular culture analysis

Production

Textual

Audience

Historical

1)Production analysis ask the question like

• Who owns the media?• Who creates texts and why?• How democracratic or elitist is the

production of popular culture?• What about works written only for

money?

This approaches view culture as a narrative or story telling process in which particular texts or cultural artifacts.

E.G. : A hit song or television program

A key here is how texts create subject position or identities for those who use them.

Postmodernism tend to speak more of subject position

2)Textual analysis examines how specific works of popular culture create meanings?

3)Audience analysis asks how different groups of popular culture consumers, or users, make similar or different sense of the same texts?

4)Historical analysis

investigates how these other three dimensions change over times .

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