1. luis barbosa - profesor del departamento de informática de la escuela de ingeniería de la...

LUIS SOARES BARBOSA UNIVERSIDADE DO MINHO & INESC TECUNU-EGOV

BOGOTA, 24 JULY 2015

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION AND

CITIZENSHIP

(NOTES ON THE PORTUGUESE EXPERIENCE)

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EGOV: FORM & FUNCTION

EGOV is for … governance …

E in EGOV as an operational component serving a broader objective: that of providing infrastructure and public services, defining and implementing public policies in an efficient and participative way

A case for the E in EGOV in the iceberg metaphor

… as more than ever, FORM models FUNCTION

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PLAN

1. Technology & Innovation2. The Portuguese Experience3. The Role of EGOV Innovation4. The EGOV Innovation Hub @UMinho

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TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION

DOES IT MATTER?

Nicholas Carr (2003, in the aftermath of the IT bubble):

• Companies should spend less in IT• and take it as defensive investment, rather that an

offensive one

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• But in fact it was not IT that was flawed, but the investor’s projections that were too optimistic …

• The gap between being a winner or a lagging firm in IT-intensive industry is large and growing

(Sorell & Zhu, 2009)

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USING TECHNOLOGY EFFECTIVELY MATTERS MORE NOW THAN EVER BEFORE

• It is worthwhile to study IT’s strategic value business

• taking it not as just another type of capital investment • … but measuring complementary investments, e.g. training, consulting, testing, process engineering …

• … and examining the value of product quality, timeliness, variety, convenience and new products and procedures

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IS THIS DIFFERENT FOR THE PUBLIC SECTOR?

50 years ago companies suffered from the same bloat that government does, but:

• Business has changed shape dramatically since then: slimming, focusing, building networks …

• The State is still stuck in the era of vertical integrations (when Henry Ford thought it made sense to own the sheep whose wool went into the seat covers of his cars …)

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Sustainable articulation between new forms of service delivery Data availability at a huge scale Possibility of continuous assessment and monitorization Change of gravity center for citizenship …

Internet, cloud, mobility, pervasive networking, IT mediated collaboration, … have potential to bring:

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TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

… is beginning to do for services what machines did for agriculture and industry

… removed from the State what was once one of of its great sources of power: the information “monopoly”

… is changing the nature of the relationships with the State:

from a hierarchical structure to a network that can mobilise the energies and abilities of millions of well informed citizens

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NEW TECHNOLOGIES OFFER THE CHANCE TO IMPROVE GOVERNMENT DRAMATICALLY i.e. the chance to modernise an institution --- the state --- which we have overloaded with responsabilities …

• even if doing so implies revisiting an old question: what is the State for?

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THE PORTUGUESE EXPERIENCE

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PUTTING THE USER AT THE CENTER OF THE PUBLIC-SECTOR UNIVERSE

• The Citizen Shop (1999) and the Citizen Desk (2012)

• Service integration• Reorganization of public services backoffices• Coexistence of complementary channels• Partnerships with the private sector

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ADMINISTRATIVE SIMPLIFICATION

• The Simplex program (2006) & friends

• Process dematerialization• Focus on making the management of economy agile

(Licenciamento Zero, Entrepeneur Desk, …) • Multi-level, intersectorial integration• The “Tell only once” principle (2014)• Partnerships with the private sector

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INTEGRATION & INTERCONNECTION

• The Citizen Card (2007) & the Digital Mobile Key (2015)• Main catalyst for the EGOV strategy in Portugal

(digital signature, access integration)• Broader, simplified access

• Multi-level, intersectorial integration (the “I lost my wallet” Desk)• Adoption (although incomplete) of open formats• Semantic & technical interoperability • … also a cultural challenge!

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THE ROLE OF EGOV INNOVATION

RAISING PUBLIC SERVICE AND EFFICIENCY

Low added-value work:A lot of traditional clerkwork tasks can now be made self-service

… and citizens become aware of the true cost of the services they are using (detailed invoicing to citizens services)

High added-value work:• State needs to be a much better and better prepared regulator e.g. mandatory public e-tendering

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RAISING PUBLIC TRANSPARENCY

• Open governmental data

• Open (local, sectorial, …) budget and actions screening

• Combat to fiscal evasion and parallel economy: imbalances translate either to bigger taxes or better tax compliance Digital is key in increasing the level of compliance

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RAISING CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT / PARTICIPATION

• Need to recover citizen engagement and enhance representation from citizen's opinions

--- a key issue to tackle populism • Local Gov experiments are more successful than central Gov ones • The cost of “listening to the People” has been reduced –– which entails the need for preparing for decisions and implementing them

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RAISING THE POTENTIAL FOR MEETING NEW CHALLENGES

Technology: MOBILE TECHNOLOGYFrameworks for interoperable mobile services

Technology: AUTOMATED REASONINGLaw Quality validation and simplification

Technology: SECURITY TECHNIQUESLong-term legal digital-signed document services

Technology: CLOUDSecurity assessment of PaaS solutions

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THE EGOV INNOVATION HUB

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AMA – Governmental Agency responsible for EGOV development in Portugal (2007)

UNU-EGOV - A think-tank on egov for THE United Nations (UN) System and member states of the UN (2014)

UMINHO – A multidisciplinary, research-oriented University (1973)

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To seek synergies between major players – government, academia, private sector, NGOs, society; for EGOV innovations

To be a think-tank for Inter-sectoral and multi-level public administration problems

To offer an innovation lab for designing and testing EGOV solutions

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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

To promote research and innovation in policy, technology and processes

TOPICS: accountability, open government, interoperability, dematerialisation, mobility, open data, mobile architectures, security, trustworthy software infrastructures,

inclusion and participation…

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INTERNATIONALIZATION

identify, develop and package remarkable experience and achievements in Electronic Governance

share and promote this experience internationally

building the eGov Innovation Hub as a joint global brand.

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TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING

To become a trustworthy partner for research, consultancy, executive training and capacity building

… at all levels of public administration, sectorial and inter-sectorial, local, regional, national and international

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1. luis barbosa - profesor del departamento de informática de la escuela de ingeniería de la...

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