15 prototype testing nasa
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National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype Testing
developed bydeveloped by
John K. GershensonJohn K. Gershenson, Ph.D., Ph.D.ro essor o ec an ca ng neer ngro essor o ec an ca ng neer ng
MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYMICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYandand
thebenshimagroupw ww .nasa.govw ww .nasa.gov
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National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 22
Phase C: Optimized Parameter Design
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The process of building a working model of thes stem in order to test various as ects of desi nillustrate concepts and elicit feedback.
Critical Design Review The purpose of this review is to demonstrate that
the maturity of the design is appropriate to support
, ,integration, and test, and that the technical effort ison track to meet performance requirements within
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 33
t e ent e cost an sc e u e constra nts.
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experimental model upon which copies
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 44
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performance relative to technical design
Prototypes confirm the best concept coming
out of the Pu h evaluation rocess
Prototypes are used to discover the reliabilityand failure modes and to uide desi n teams
in making improvements
Prototypes must replicate the behavior of the
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 55
products in practice in the operating range
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Where does Prototyping fit in theWhere does Prototyping fit in the
Product Development Process?Product Development Process?
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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(Lumsdaine et al., 2006)
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works as required and how well it actually meetscustomer needs
Can improve communication within product
development team, to key customers and partners
Physical prototyping can detect unanticipatedphenomena from the environment of use, man-
machine interfaces, and interaction of technologies Prototyping can (and should) be a design tool, not
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 77
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efficient producibility even when building only a singlesystem
Prototypes are built early in the life cycle and they are
made as close to the product item in form, fit, and
The prototype is used to wring out the designsolution so that the experience gained from the
prototype can be fed into design changes that willimprove the manufacture, integration, andmaintainabilit
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 88
(NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, SP 2007)
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Provides a physical or computer simulated, ,
subsystem, or component
model which allows early and rapidcom arison of alternatives as measured bprimarily by key performance attributes andsecondarily by look and feel
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 99
( Ullrich, 1995 )
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Represent production intent but do not
article
are used, the alpha prototype is notfabricated in the actual rocesses to beused in production
These are desi n discover and risk
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 1010
reduction tools( Ullrich, 1995 )
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Built with parts supplied by the proposed,
performance and reliability of the actual
Extensive use testing and assessment iserformed both b customers and the
development team
It is both a ualit assurance and
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 1111
commercial risk reduction tool( Ullrich, 1995 )
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Form of test marketing that proves that a
market needs before full introduction
consumable items and services needed tosu ort the roduct
Conducted in customers actualenvironment of use
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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( Ullrich, 1995 )
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Prototyping Dimensions, Scope, andPrototyping Dimensions, Scope, and
pproacpproac
Phys
ical
Gamma Test
Alpha Test
Beta Test
Proof of
Conceptalytical
Focused Comprehensive
A
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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( Ullrich, 1995 )
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concept Prepare detailed engineering drawings to explain the
details of your invention and how it works
To protect your concept, you need patent drawings -. .Trademarks Office
It is nearly impossible to find a licensee unless you
have a working prototype!
The biggest deal killer in business is to have a
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 1414
product
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This is a brief report detailing thepurpose, objectives, procedure, test
specimen, and expected results fortests o pro uct components,prototypes, and production models
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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The product prototype model, productionnumber or other identifier of test ob ect
Any desired certification or sanction which
is desired from successful tests Specific limitations on the scope of the
tests (e.g., overall concept only, packaging
u y y, u y vsurges only, etc.)
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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validate?
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What needs to be measured during the
Specify the particular equipment required
by model number. Include specificationsfor all specialized data collectionequipment.
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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Heat pump output and electrical power
0.1kilowatts) as a function of outdoor
temperature ranging from -20
C to 60
Cn ncrements o 5 or ess, measure
to within 0.2C)
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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S ecif the Test Procedure
Specify step-by step instructions for carrying outthe tests or refer to a standard testing protocol
IEEE, ASME, ASCE, ASTM, or ASHRAE
Which variables need control or monitoring? Specify the exact sequence in which the test will
be run or how tests will be ordered (random, ,
other methods) Any required environmental conditions should be noted
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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What outcomes are you expecting from thetests?
This projection is necessary to plan data
collection equipment ranges, set up datasheets or computer data bases, andanticipate safety needs (particularly for
If you do not know roughly what willh n ll i n n n l i m
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
John Gershenson, Ph.D.John Gershenson, Ph.D. 2020
be in jeopardy
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Specify whether handwritten data sheets,com uter s readsheets com utergenerated plots, or other prescribed
formats will be required
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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of the final report but should be in it somewhere nomatter how large), the analysis should be included
Method of analysis must be described in test planwith pass/fail criteria
analyzed data in the body of the report
The pass/fail criteria should be applied and a brief
conclusion made If the conclusion is fail what will be done?
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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The final review before resources arecommitted to fabrication
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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(NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, SP 2007)
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Held near the completion of an engineering
development stage
Conducted to demonstrate that the detailed
coding, fabrication, assembly, and integrationefforts
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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(NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, SP 2007)
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The build-to baseline, production and
Authorizes coding of deliverable software,
integration
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15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype TestingNASANASA ESMDESMD Capstone DesignCapstone Design
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(NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, SP 2007)
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National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
15. Prototype Testing15. Prototype Testing
developed bydeveloped by
John K. GershensonJohn K. Gershenson, Ph.D., Ph.D.
ro essor o ec an ca ng neer ngro essor o ec an ca ng neer ngMICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYMICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYandand
thebenshimagroupw ww .nasa.govw ww .nasa.gov
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