1)nature and characteristics of research

8/3/2019 1)Nature and Characteristics of Research

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NATURE ANDCHARACTERISTICS

OF RESEARCH

MARIAM M. ESTRABO

Professorial Lecturer

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Meaning of Research

Research is a scientific investigation

of phenomena, which includescollection, presentation, analysis andinterpretation of facts that link man¶s

speculations with reality. (Calmorin)

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Research is the continuousdiscovery and exploration of theunknown, an investigation of newfacts leading to the discovery of new ideas, new methods or improvement.

( Sanches )

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Research is a systematic study

or investigation of something

for the purpose of answering

questions posed by the

researcher. ( Parel )

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Research is searching for a theory,

testing for a theory and for solvinga problem. (Sevilla)

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Research is a systematic,

controlled, empirical and critical

investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed

relation among the natural

phenomena. (Kerlinger )

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Importance of Research

Research is a vehicle for

mobility, a contributiontowards the attainment of

national goals.

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Research explains an

issue or controversy.

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Research advances human

knowledge and satisfiescuriosity.

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Research improves

instruction and studentachievements.

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Research improves quality of life.

Research satisfies man¶sneeds.

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Research reduces the

burden of work

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Research has deep-seated

psychological aspect.



O bjectives of Research

to seek new knowledge and

answer specific question

provide useful information in

the form of verifiable data

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Characteristics of a Researcher Intellectual Curiosity

Prudence

Healthy Criticism

Intellectual Honesty

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Qualities of a Good Researcher

R - esearcher oriented

E- fficient

S- cientific

E- ffective

A- ctive

R - esourceful

C- reative

H- onest

E- conomical

R - eligiousmme/01/15/research



Characteristics of Research

Empirical. Research is based ondirect experience and observation

of the researcher.

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Logical. Scientific

investigation is done in anorderly manner.

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Cyclical. Research starts with a

problem and ends with a problem.

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Analytical. Research utilizes

proven analytical procedures

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Replicable. The research design

can be replicated for validationof results.

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Critical. Research exhibits

careful and precise judgements.

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Types of Research

According to Use

Pure Research

It is also called ³basic research´ or

³fundamental research´ that aims to discover

basic truth and principles intended to add to

the body of scientific knowledge

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Applied Research

It involves seeking newapplications of scientific

knowledge to the solution of a

problem.

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Action Research

It is a decision-oriented research

involving the application of thesteps of scientific method in

response to immediate need to

improve existing practices.

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According to Venue

Library Research

Research done in the library

where answer to specific questions or

problems of the study are available.

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Field Research

Research is conducted in a

natural setting where no

changes are made in the

environment.

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Laboratory Research

Research is conducted in

artificial or controlled conditions byisolating the study in rigorously

specified and operationalized area.

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The purposes are: 1. To testhypothesis derived from a theory,

2. To control variance under

research conditions, 3. To discover

the relations between the

dependent and independentvariables.

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According to Type of Data

Quantitative Research

Research that utilizes numerical

method of measuring or ascertaining the

variable. It uses an objective method of

measuring the variable and data are treated using statistical tools.

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Qualitative Research Research that do not utilize numerical data

but instead data are presented through elaborate word descriptions of what is observed.

Interpretation and analysis relies on the researcher·s personal judgement and critical analysis of the event, condition, or behavior

observed under investigations. This is usually utilized with case studies.

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According to Procedure

and Techniques

H istorical Research

Research which is the accumulation of facts in relation to a particular time sequence

to determine whether or what certain events

in history actually happened.

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D

escriptive Research It includes all studies that purport to

present facts concerning the nature and status of

anything. It is concerned with condition of relationships that exist, practices that prevail,

beliefs and processes that are going-on, felt

influences and developing trends.

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E xperimental Method

It is a problem-solving approach of

research that describes what will be when

certain variables are carefully controlled or manipulated. It is the technique of

discovering information by means of

experimentation.

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E x Post Facto Research

Research which investigates a

problem by studying the variables in

retrospect. The dependent variable is immediately observable and the main

concern is to find out the antecedents that

give rise to this consequence.

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The Research Process

Problem/Objective

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Assumption

Hypothesis

Review of Related Literature

Research Design

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Summary, Conclusion and

Recommendation

Analysis and Interpretation

Data Processing and statistical Treatment

Data Collection



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Thank You

1)nature and characteristics of research

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