2 sacred scriptures

8/4/2019 2 Sacred Scriptures

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Prepared by:

Richard G. Pazcoguin

Ignorance of the Scriptures isignorance of Christ.

St. Jerome


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"The Church has always"The Church has alwaysvenerated the divinevenerated the divine

Scriptures just as sheScriptures just as shevenerates the body of the Lord,venerates the body of the Lord,since from the table of both thesince from the table of both theword of God and of the bodyword of God and of the body

of Christ she unceasinglyof Christ she unceasinglyreceives and offers to thereceives and offers to thefaithful the bread of life..."faithful the bread of life..."

(Constitution on Divine Revelation, #21).(Constitution on Divine Revelation, #21).


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ACTUAL

EVENTS

ORAL

TRADITION

WRITTEN

SCRIPTURES

This refers to the actual experiences of

Gods people which they interpreted as

Gods intervention in their history.

So that the people will forever remember

these important events, they are handed

on to succeeding generations through

storytelling.

These stories were sorted, edited, and

eventually put into to serve as norms

against which other stories and

traditions will be verified; and to more

effectively preserve tradition.
http://www.johnpratt.com/items/docs/lds/easter/meal.jpg


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The Bible is a Book ofThe Bible is a Book of

RemembranceRemembranceThe Bible is a Faith-RecordThe Bible is a Faith-Record

The Bible contains aThe Bible contains a

Religious Interpretation ofReligious Interpretation of

HistoryHistory


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When we read the Bible we alsoWhen we read the Bible we alsorealize that there are different formsrealize that there are different formsof expressing truth. The Biblicalof expressing truth. The Biblical

authors were not so concerned aboutauthors were not so concerned abouthistory itself, but "salvation history,"history itself, but "salvation history,"how the events of the past could behow the events of the past could beunderstood in relation to their faith.understood in relation to their faith.Salvation history deals with God'sSalvation history deals with God'slove for us, first shown to the Chosenlove for us, first shown to the ChosenPeople, and then fulfilled in the deathPeople, and then fulfilled in the deathand resurrection of Jesus Christ.and resurrection of Jesus Christ.


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Gk. ta bibliathe books -refers the whole sacred volume

Lt. biblia The Book -designates the eminence of the Bible

The Bible is a collection of sacred writings

which the Church solemnly recognized as the:


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God is the author of Sacred Scripture

because he inspired its human authors; he

acts in them and by means of them. He thus

gives assurance that their writings teach

without error his saving truth

Dei Verbum 11

To say that the Bible is the Word

of God is to acknowledge its

Divine Authorship.


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THE BIBLE IS THE WORDTHE BIBLE IS THE WORD OFOF GOD.GOD.

The word The word OFOF tells us three things tells us three things

about the BIBLE:about the BIBLE:

1.1. It isIt is WORD ABOUT GODWORD ABOUT GOD We Welearn about God through the Biblelearn about God through the Bible

2.2. It is theIt is the SPOKEN WORD OF GODSPOKEN WORD OF GOD

Sacred Scripture contains GodsSacred Scripture contains Gods

revelation of Himselfrevelation of Himself

3.3. It isIt is WORD THAT BELONGS TOWORD THAT BELONGS TO

GODGOD God is the Bibles author, God is the Bibles author,

custodian, interpreter, and teacher.custodian, interpreter, and teacher.


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The Bible did not fall from heaven. When Godgave us his word, he inspired some men to put in

into writing. The Bible was written by persons

who lived in a particular context, using the

means available to them as they went through

the natural process of data gathering, selection,and finally writing down scriptures.

Because the Bible was written by men, then through the Bible God is able to

speak to us in human language- something we can understand and relate to.

"All scripture, inspired of God, is profitable to teach, to reprove, to correct

to instruct in justice" 2 Timothy 3:16


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Lt. in spirare to breathe into

INSPIRATION IS NOT:

DICTATION God did not dictate the words to the human authors. As stated earlier, the human

authors had to go through all the processes involved in coming up with a written work.POSSESSION The human authors were not coerced by God to write. They did not lose their free will

when they put Gods Word into writing. On their end, they had to cooperate with inspiration.

By supernatural power God so moved and impelled the human

authors to write - he so assisted them when writing - that the

things he ordered and those only they first rightly understood,then willed faithfully to write down, and finally expressed in

apt words and with infallible truth.

Providentissimus

Deus, Pope Leo XIII

INSPIRATION IS THE SPECIAL INFLUENCE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT

ON THE HUMAN AUTHORS, SUCH THAT THEY WERE ABLE TOWRITE DOWN WHAT GOD WANTED THEM TO WRITE.


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CHRISTIANS AND JEWS AGREE THATCHRISTIANS AND JEWS AGREE THATINSPIRATION MEANS THAT:INSPIRATION MEANS THAT:

1.1. The impulse to write came from GodThe impulse to write came from God

2.2. The Bible contains things God wills manThe Bible contains things God wills man

to know about himto know about him3.3. The mind and the will of the humanThe mind and the will of the human

author were somehow influenced byauthor were somehow influenced byGod to write what was written withoutGod to write what was written withouttaking away the authors own will ortaking away the authors own will orability to write or power to expressability to write or power to expressthings in his own way for the people forthings in his own way for the people forwhom he was writingwhom he was writing

4.4. God guided his people in their choice ofGod guided his people in their choice ofwhat writing was to be included in thewhat writing was to be included in thefinal version of the Bible.final version of the Bible.
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Inerrancy means freedom from error. The inerrancy of Scripture is

a consequence of its inspiration. Because God is the principal author

of the Bible, then it cannot but contain the truth.

BUT THE BIBLE CONTAINS ERRORErrors in Science : This is because the Bible was not written to be a science

textbook. The authors had primitive knowledge of science.(e.g. the sun moves

around the earth: Joshua 10:14)

Errors in History : The Bible was a product of oral tradition. This tradition

preserves the essential content, not the trivial details, so it is possible to find

chronological errors, contradictory details, and inaccurate quotations once in a

while. (e.g. The animals Noahs Ark: Genesis 6:19 and Genesis 7:2)

Errors in Moral Understanding : The people of the Old Testament did not learn

of Gods will instantly. It took time before they understood Gods precepts, hence

there were instances when they label something good as bad and vice versa. (e.g.

total extermination of enemies is Gods will: Joshua 11:13-14)

These errors do not in anyway affect the essential message of Sacred Scriptures.

THE BIBLE CONTAINS ERROR BUT TEACHES NO ERROR.


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"The books of scripture must"The books of scripture must

be acknowledged as teachingbe acknowledged as teaching

firmly, faithfully and withoutfirmly, faithfully and withouterror that truth which Goderror that truth which God

wanted to put into the sacredwanted to put into the sacred

writings for the sake of ourwritings for the sake of our

salvation"salvation"(Constitution on Divine(Constitution on Divine

Revelation, #11).Revelation, #11).


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Gk. kanona stick; measuring rod

-the word implies norms or standards

CANONICITY IS THE CHURCHS OFFICIALDECLARATION THAT A BOOK IS INSPIRED, AND IS

THEREFORE A WORTHY BASIS OF FAITH AND

MORALS.

FOR A BOOK TO BE DECLARED CANONICAL, IT HAS

TO PASS CERTAIN STANDARDS. AS IT PASSES THESTANDARDS, IT BECOMES A STANDARD ITSELF.

N.B. Canonicity does not make a book inspired, neither does it

add to inspiration. It is simply a formal recognition of the

inspiration which the book has always possessed.


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FOR THE OLD TESTAMENT:

The scripture must not contradict the

TORAH (five books of Moses). For the

Jews, Moses was undoubtedly a man of

God and his books measure everything.The scripture must be constantly used in

liturgy.In some cases, language became a factor.

Some Jews rejected non-Hebrew writings.Recognized Sacred Scriptures are stored in

the temple chests, available for public

reading. Putting a book in the temple chest

is tantamount to canonization.

FOR THE NEW TESTAMENT:

Apostolic Origin - either the bookswere written by the apostles themselves,

or they were used as sources.Coherence with the essential Gospel

Message- the content of the book must

be consistent with the message of Christ.Constant use in the liturgy- the books

were used by the Early ChristianCommunities in their celebration of the

breaking of the bread and other

liturgical functions.


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DID NOT PASS THE CRITERIADID NOT PASS THE CRITERIAFOR CANONICITYFOR CANONICITY

MAY HAVE BEEN USEDMAY HAVE BEEN USEDSPORADICALLY BY SCATTEREDSPORADICALLY BY SCATTEREDGROUPSGROUPS

DID NOT HAVE APOSTOLICDID NOT HAVE APOSTOLICGUARANTEEGUARANTEE

CONTENTS ARE EITHERCONTENTS ARE EITHERHERETICAL OR IRRELEVANTHERETICAL OR IRRELEVANT


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THOSE THAT

RESEMBLE THE

CANONICALSCRIPTURES

Gospel of Peter

THOSE THAT NARRATEPIOUS STORIES ABOUT

JESUS AND THE VIRGIN

MARY

Infancy Gospel of James

Pseudo Matthew

Infancy Gospel

The Nativity of Mary

Pseudo Gospel of Thomas

Pseudo Meliton

THOSE THAT

CONTAIN

HERETICALDOCTRINES

Gospel of Philip

Gospel of Mary

Gospel of JudasGenerallyin agreement

with Church

teachingWritten to meet

the demands

of popularpiety


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APOCRYPHAL = SECRETAPOCRYPHAL = SECRET

WRITTEN FOR SPECIAL GROUPSWRITTEN FOR SPECIAL GROUPS WRITTEN BY RECIPIENTS OF SECRETWRITTEN BY RECIPIENTS OF SECRET

REVELATIONSREVELATIONS NOT KNOWN TO ALLNOT KNOWN TO ALL

SINCE THESE BOOKS ARE OFSINCE THESE BOOKS ARE OFDOUBTFUL AUTHORITYDOUBTFUL AUTHORITY, THEY, THEYARE NOT CONSIDERED BY THEARE NOT CONSIDERED BY THECHURCH AS RELIABLE BASES OFCHURCH AS RELIABLE BASES OFFAITH AND MORALSFAITH AND MORALS


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When a book fails to meet the standards, it is labeled as

APOCRYPHAL i.e. of doubtful authority

When a book has passed the standards, it becomes part of the CANON OF SCRIPTURES.

The CANON OF SCRIPTURES refers to the official list of inspired books.

ROMAN CATHOLIC BIBLE PROTESTANT BIBLE

73 (72) BOOKS46 Books in the Old Testament(45 if Jeremiah and Lamentations

are

counted as one)

27 Books in the New Testament

66 BOOKS39 Books in the OldTestament

27 Books in the New

Testament


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The word Deuterocanonical literally means: second

canon. These refers to the second set of canonical books.

During the Council of Trent, before the Catholic Churchfinally closed the Canon (which means from then on, no other

books will be added to the bible), the Church also declared as

canonical some Old Testament books which were recognized

ever since as inspired but were not formally declared as part

of the canon of scriptures.

Unfortunately, the Protestants have already deviated from the

Catholic Church when this happened so they do not have the

Deuterocanonicals in their Bible. If ever they include it, they

simply label the books as Apocryphals. One thing is for sure,

the Protestant Canon was still a product of the prudent

judgment of the Catholic Church before the split took place.


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COVENANT BETWEEN

GOD AND ISRAEL

MEDIATED BY MOSES

COVENANT BETWEEN

GOD AND HUMANITY

MEDIATED BY JESUSThe Old Testament

finds light in the

New Testament.

The New

Testament finds

foundation in theOld Testament.

The Church

teaches that both

divisions are

equally inspired.

Central Event: Central Event:

THE EXODUS THE RESURRECTION

Language:

Predominantly Hebrew

Language:

Predominantly Greek


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The Bible did not always have its chapter and verses. Hence, when one

would look for particular passages, one has scan through the entire book.

The division of the bible into chapterswas done in 1226 by His Grace, Most

Rev. Stephen Langton, Archbishop of

Canterbury

Some time later, in the year 1551, the bible was

divided into verses by Robert Estienne, a French

printer.
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Above all, God has spoken to us inAbove all, God has spoken to us inJesus. The Bible is His Word in aJesus. The Bible is His Word in a

secondary sense. Jesus Himself issecondary sense. Jesus Himself is

Gods message to mankind, but theGods message to mankind, but the

Bible brings that message to us.Bible brings that message to us.


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RELIGION WORD BY WHICH GODHAS SPOKEN

MESSENGER

JUDAISM THE TORAH MOSES

ISLAM THE QURAN MUHAMMAD

CHRISTIANITY JESUS CHRIST THE BIBLE
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CATECHISM OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH

nos.101-141

Francis E. Gigot

SACRED SCRIPTURES, THE BIBLE

www.pax-et-veritas.org

Ian Knox C.S.Sp.

THEOLOGY FOR TEACHERS

Ottawa: Novalis Press, 1994

Margaret Baxter

JESUS CHRIST: HIS LIFE AND HIS

CHURCH

Quezon City: New Day Publishers 1989

INSPIRATION AND INERRANCY
http://www.pax-et-veritas.org/http://www.pax-et-veritas.org/

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