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Why do we need food?

To provide energy

To grow

To repair worn-out or damaged

tissues

To maintain general health


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To state the types of nutrition

To explain autotrophic nutrition To explain heterotrophic nutrition

To classify organisms according tothe types of nutrition


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Types

Autotroph Heterotroph

Diet

Balanced In balance

Humans and

Animals

Digestion

Rodents

Ruminant

Humans

Absorption

and

assimilationDefaecation

Plants Technology

Production

Processing

Macronutrient Micronutrient

MechanismFactors

Photosynthesis

Temperature

Photosynthesis

Chemosynthesis

Holozoic

Saprophytism

Parasitism

Hydroponics and

Aeroponics

Selective breeding

Tissue culture

Genetic

engineering

Soil

Management

Biological control

Nutrient

requirement

Light

intensity

Concentration of

Carbon Dioxide

Cooking

Canning

Freezing

Pasteurization

Fermentation

Drying

NUTRITION


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Nutrition :a process by whichorganisms obtain food or nutrients


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AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION

A type of nutrition in which organismssynthesise the organic compounds

(food) they require from inorganic

substances. The organisms autotrophs (auto = self,

troph = nutrition)

The energy required for synthesis offood sunlight (photosynthesis) @

chemical substances (chemosynthesis)


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Photosynthesis

All green plant

Synthesising organiccompounds from CO2& H2O in

the presence of sunlight.


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Chemosynthesis

Synthesising organic compounds byusing energy from the oxidation of

inorganic substances such as CO2,

hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen orammonia.

Chemoautotroph : sulphur bacteria,Nitrosomonas sp., Nitrobacter sp.


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HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION

A type of nutrition in whichorganisms have to depend anautotrophs or other organisms as a

source of energy as they cannotsynthesise their own food

The organisms heterotrophs

3 types : holozoic, saprophytism,parasitism


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HOLOZOI NUTRITION Feeding by ingesting complex

organic matter digested

absorbedAnimals & insectivorous plants


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S PROPHYTISM NUTRITION Feeding by absorbing their

required nutrients from dead

organic matter or theorganicexcretory waste of organisms

Called saprophytes(bacteria, fungimushrooms, yeasts & Mucor sp.)


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Feeding by absorbing their nutrients from livingorganisms

Lives on or in the bodyof a living organism (host)& obtains its nutrients from the host parasites

Fleas, lice & tapeworm

Endoparasites & ectoparasites

P R SITISM NUTRITION


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EXERCISE 6.1

1. Give the difference between

autotrophs and the heterotrophs.

2. List threetypes of heterotrophicnutrition.

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