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A Study of Stress and Burnout in Nursing Students in Hong Kong:

A Questionnaire Survey

Presenter: Fei-Yu ChangAdvisor: Dr. Yu-Tsu Lin

Instructor: Dr. Pi-Ying HsuDate: November 4, 2013

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Watson, R., Deary, I., Thompson, D., & Li, G. (2008). A Study of Stress and Burnout in Nursing Students in Hong Kong: A Questionnaire Survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 20, 1534-1542.

Citation

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Introduction

Literature Review

Methodology

Result & Conclusion

My future study

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Content

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Introduction

＊ Background of the Study ＊ Purpose of the Study ＊ Research Question ＊ Research Gap

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Introduction

• Background of the Study

＊ Stress in nursing students may be related to attrition form nursing programs and lead to a shortage of nurses entering clinical careers. ＊ Stress leads to psychological morbidity which may have profound adverse consequences for individual nursing students.

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Introduction

• Purpose of the Study

The aim was to study the relationship between personality, stress, burnout and psychological morbidity in nursing students in Hong Kong.

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Introduction

• Research Question

Is there a relationship between individual traits and a range of psychological outcomes in nursing students?

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Literature Review

Stress is intrinsic to nursing and a highly demanding job with poor support, rapidly changing circumstances, shortage of resources and staff, and dealing with death and dying all contribute.

( Chang et al., 2005)

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Literature Review

(Cox et al., 1993)

Burnout , a phenomenon that is probably unique to people working in human caring services, leads to emotional exhaustion.

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Literature Review

Wu (2007) demonstrated that burnout amongst nursing staff was related, amongst other things, to increased level of occupational stress.

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Research Gap

Psychological morbidity in nursing students in Hong Kong is largely explained by individual personality traits.

Stress in nursing students in Hong Kong is largely explained by individual coping strategies.

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Methodology

Total 158 Male 37 Female 121

Hong Kong

Nurse students

Age 18-26

Participants

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MethodologyInstrument

NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEOFFI) 60-items (Costa & McRae, 1992)General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ12) 12-items

(Goldberg & Williams, 1988)

Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) 22-items (Maslach & Jackson, 1986)

The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) (Cosway et al., 2002) 48-items

Stress in Nursing Students (SINS) (Deary et al., 2003) 43-items

Neuroticism- a greater tendency towards feelings of worryExtraversion- a tendency towards sociabilityOpenness- being open to new experienceAgreeableness- a tendency to be pleasantConscientiousness- being careful and reliable

Psychological morbidity- minor(not very serious) non-psychotic psychiatric disorder

Emotion oriented- becoming emotionally upset in the face of stressTask oriented- addressing the causes of stressAvoidance oriented- doing something to avoid facing stress ＊ distraction oriented & social diversion oriented

Emotional exhaustion- feeling unable to carry onDepersonalization- treating people as objectsPersonal accomplishment- gaining satisfaction from the job

Clinical work, Confidence, Education, Finance

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Methodology

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3Procedure

After 7 months

Questionnaires were distributed in one university department of nursing.

Questionnaires were distributed same people in university department of nursing.

Collect and Analyze the Data

Cross-sectional

Wave 1: NEOFFI, CISS, GHQ12, MBI, SINS

Wave 2: GHQ12, MBI, SINS

•T-testing•Pearson’s correlation•Partial correlation•Stepwise multiple regression•Cronbach’s alpha

Result

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Is there a relationship between individual traits and a range of psychological outcomes in nursing students?

FFI N- Five Factor Inventory (Neuroticism)Higher neuroticism is correlated with higher scores in all dimensions of SINS with MBI EE(emotional exhaustion) and GHQ(Health)＊ Except MBI PA(personal accomplishment)

FFI N- Five Factor Inventory (Conscientiousness)Show a similar pattern of correlations to neuroticism,

though they are in the negative direction.

CISS E- The coping inventory for stressful situationsHigher scores in the emotion-oriented coping dimension of CISS are correlated with higher scores in all dimension of SINS and MBI＊ Except MBI PA(personal accomplishment)

CISS T- The coping inventory for stressful situationsTask-oriented coping correlates significantly and positively with MBI PA(Personal accomplishment)

FFI E- Five Factor Inventory (Extraversion)It correlates negatively with SINS-E(education),

MBI-EE(emotional exhaustion) and GHQ(health).FFI O- Five Factor Inventory (Openness)

The openness correlates negatively with MBI-DP and PA(depersonalization & personal accomplishment)

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Table2 Wave 1 Wave 2 p-Value for wave 2-wave

Stability coefficient

n

GHQ – Total score 11.7(3.9)

13.1(5.3) .01 .41 99

SINS – clinical 3.0(5.3) 27.7(4.8) <.001 .33 98

SINS – confidence 27.9(5.3)

27.9(5.3) .214 .32 99

SINS – education 28.0(5.0)

29.4(4.5) .001 .65 101

SINS – finances 13.1(3.6)

13.8(4.4) .102 .39 103

MBI – emotional exhaustion

22.6(7.7)

24.5(9.2) .045 .40 100

MBI – depersonalization

10.4(4.3)

11.5(4.1) .027 .26 101

MBI – personal accomplishment

29.1(6.2)

27.0(6.1) .004 .32 100

ResultMean and stability data for psychological morbidity, dimensions of stress and burnout in nursing students at wave 1 and wave2

GHQ–Total scoreSINS–educationMBI–emotional exhaustion& depersonalizationIncreased between wave 1 and wave 2

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SINS

Result

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Conclusion

The relationship among personality, coping strategies and psychological morbidity decide subsequent psychological when standard measurements are made at entry to the program and later in the first year of study.

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My Future StudyVariables Job stress, job burnout, generation

Participants 800-1000 participants (police officer)

Research Cite Taichung, Chunghua, Nantou

Time Delivery and collect questionnairesin 1 month

Instrument Five- Likert questionnaireItems from Wang, 2010

Data Analysis SPSS

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Questionnaire

The reaction of stressWork stress

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Questionnaire

Personal information

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