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CSP RESEARCH IN FRANCE

AlainFERRIERE

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The solar resource for CSP inFrance: good for research and

demonstration projects

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CSP research institutions andprivate sector actors

CNRS: national center for scientific research

CEA: atomic energy commission

Universities: Perpignan, Montpellier, Pau, Savoie

Mines ParisTech, EMAC Albi-Carmaux

EDF

AREVA

TOTAL

GDF-SUEZ

CNIM

EXOSUN

SOLAR EUROMED

ENERTIME

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Worldwide reference CSP technologies

Parabolic trough + Thermal Oil: 98 % of the market410 MW in US, 900 MW in Spain

Linear Fresnel collectors + Direct Steam Generation

Novatec 1,5 MW (+30 MW in construction)

Tower + Direct Steam GenerationBright Source (Ivanpah 330 MW in construction),

E-Solar (5 MW demo)

Tower + Molten saltsTorresol (Gemasolar 20 MW)

Solar Reserve (projected)

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Objective = cost reduction + lowenvironmental impact

Innovation in components

Innovation in system design and integration

Increase in size of units

Volume production

17.2

6.7

12.7

5.0

0

5

10

15

20

c e n t s / k W h

Seville, Spain2000 kWh/ma

Desert climate2700 kWh/ma

CSP cost reduction

Today2020

0.14

0.17

0.30

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

Relative costreduction

Technical

innovation

Scaling of unitsize beyond 50MW

Volumeproduction

0.61

(50400 MW e)

(+600 MW e /an)

Source: ECOSTAR, 2005

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Solar collectors Reflective materials increased reflectance (>94%)

Protective films increased lifetime (>20 years) Motors and drivers strength, reliability, diagnosis

New optical designs higher optical efficiency

Cost target: < 150 /m 2

Heliostat Sener

PCHA (PSA CIEMAT)

Eurotrough

Ganged heliostats

Multi-towersBrightSource (USA) / Luz II (IL)E-solar (USA)

(Source: BrigthSource)

Heliostat Luz II WIS

Beam-down Sener (E), WIS (IL)

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Solar receivers HT materials: SiC T > 800 C

New concepts: volumetric, plane, channels enhanced heat transfers ( h > 90 %) Selective coatings a sol > 96%, e < 6%

Source: ENEA

Source: DLR

Source: SCHOTT

Pressurized air solar receivers RS-PEGASE SICSOL

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?

Buffer thermal storage0.5 h

X . 10 MWhflux density (250 kW.m -2)

Production thermal storageSeveral hours

X 102 MWhY 104 Tons

MW50

40

30

20

10

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

To storage

Solar electricity

Fossil back-up Fromstorage

Thermal energy storage (1/3)

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Thermal energy storage (2/3) Materials: PCM, glass, ceramics, ionic liquids

Systems: 1 tank (+filler), 2 tanks

Concepts: heat exchanger/storage

Reversible chemical reactions (long term storage)

Cost target: 40 b15 MWh_th

Source: Abengoa Solar

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Materials

Valorization of industrial waste materials

Abestos recoveringCast

GlassPlasma torch@ 1400C

In France250 000Tons/year

8 /ton

Research project (ANR Solstock): utilization of abestos waste (patent 2009)

Cofalit (neutral)

Ceramics

Materials HT

Ceramics

Molten salts Cofalit

r Cp[kJ/(m 3 K)]

3 030 1 300 3 900 2 680

l [W/(m K)] 1.35 0.2 2

Price[/ton]

4500 500-700 8

Thermal energy storage (3/3)

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System design and integrationComponents integration

Thermal energy storageHybridizationCSP + dessalinationCSP + industrial process heat /

heating and cooling

System analysisOptimal designPerformance evaluationDry cooling

Control and operationAssistance for operation

Energy production optimizationEconomical optimization

Environmental and social impactsLife cycle analysis

Power plant & dessalinationplant in Fujeirah (Emirats

Arabes Unis) (MSF RO:378500 m 3/jour)

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The PEGASE project

Increased conversion efficiency: 20 % 25 - 30 %Solar field efficiency 70 %

Solar receiver efficiency 80 %

Power block efficiency (CC) 55 %

Solar-electric conversion efficiency 30 %

Reduced water consumption from 30 % to 60 %according

to capacity

Firm capacity and dispatchable electricity

High potential for cost reduction (< 10 c/kWh in 2020)

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The PEGASE project

107 heliostats

in operation(5800 m 2)

Project status 10/2011

Receiver technologyselected (CNRS/CEA)

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