ColleCtion RepèRes

Regulations Organisation Market Collection

Electrical and Electronic Equipmentin France

2014Data

Treatment European comparison

Outlook

“Waste electrical and electronic equipment” or “WEEE” refers to electrical or electronic equipment which has been discarded by its end user. “Electrical and electronic equipment” or “EEE” refers to equipment which is dependent on electric currents or electromagnetic fields to function properly, as well as equipment for the generation, transfer and measurement of such currents and fields, designed for use with a voltage rating not exceeding 1,000 Volt for alternating current and 1,500 Volt for direct current. This term includes a high number of devices of various sizes and weights: washing machine, mobile phone, TV, drill, ATMs, electronic thermometer, lamp, etc.

Following the transposition of the European Directive 2002/96/EC (the WEEE Directive) into French law in July 2005, the collection and treatment of WEEE officially began in France on 13 August 2005 for professional waste, and on 15 November 2006 for household waste. Collection and treatment of household WEEE in French overseas departments began one year later, on 15 November 2007.

The law requires all producers of EEE to submit reporting to the French national WEEE Register, managed by ADEME (www.syderep.ademe.fr), stating the quantities put on the French market and the quantities of waste subsequently collected and treated.

A report on WEEE is released by ADEME each year, based on data drawn mainly from the Register. The present summary is based on the report for 2014.

Updated data are posted annually at www.ademe.fr/mediatheque

Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary2

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Regulations

French legislationEuropean legislation

Decree 2005-829 of 20 July 2005(codified in articles R543-172 to

R543-206 of the Environment Code)

Completed by:

Completed or modified by:

Modified by:

Modified by:

Directive 2002/96/EC: WEEE13 August 2005

Decree 2012-617 of 2 May 2012

Decree 2014-928 of 19 August 2014

Directive 2003/108/EC: WEEE(modification)

Decision of 11/03/04Questionnaire for national implementation reports

Decision of 03/05/05Rules applicable to national monitoring procedures

Directive 2008/34/EC: WEEE (modification)

Directive 2012/19/EU: WEEE 13 August 2012 (revision)

2 Orders of 08/10/14: treatment procedures (amending the Order of 23/11/05) and requirements to

implement the distributors’ obligations of WEEE recovery

Art-L541-10-2 of the Environment Code (art. 87 LRF 2005)modified by the law 2014-856 of 31 July 2014 – art. 91

order of 08/10/14 (amending the order of 13/07/06): lamps and photovoltaic panels are household WEEE

Decree 2013-988 of 6 November 2013 (RoHS)(codified in articles R543-171-1 to R543-171-12

of the Environment Code)

Order of 30/06/09, modified by order of 08/10/14: producer register (abrogating the Order of 13/03/06)

order of 08/10/14: authorised representative

5 orders of 31/12/14: approval of the 4 household WEEE Producer Responsibility organisations (PRos) and of the

oCAD3E as coordinating organisationorder of the 05/06/12: approval procedure and specifications

for PRos responsible for professional WEEE (abrogating the order of 23/11/2005)

27/11/14: publication of a notice to producers regarding the scope of application of Decree 2014-928

order of the 02/12/14: approval procedure and specifications for PRos responsible for household WEEE

Order of the 20/08/15: approval procedure and specifications for PRos responsible for professional WEEE

Arrêté du 20 août 2015: procédure d’agrément et cahier des charges des éco-organismes professionnels

Completed or modified by:

Directive 2002/95/EC: RoHS/LdSD1 July 2006

Decisions of 18/08/05, 13/10/05, 21/10/05, 21/04/06 and 12/10/06 on substances

Directive 2011/65/EU: RoHS/LdSD1 January 2013 (revision)

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Directive 2002/96/EC, known as the “WEEE directive” and directive 2002/95/EC, known as the “RoHS directive”, set out the European regulatory framework governing the organisation of the separate collection and treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipment in each member State. The WEEE directive was revised in 2012.

The WEEE Directive specifically requires: ∎ EEE eco-design in order to facilitate

WEEE reuse and treatment ;∎ Separate collection of WEEE ;

∎ Systematic selective treatment of specific components and hazardous substances

∎ Reuse, recycling and recovery of collected WEEE with high recycling and recovery targets.

The RoHS Directive lists substances that are banned or strictly controlled in equipment manufacturing. Most EEE devices are affected by this list.

The French Decree 2014-928, codified in articles R543-172 – R543-206 of the Environment Code, transposes the

directive 2012/19/Eu. it introduces the differentiation between household and professional EEE, the status of Producer (5 categories of producers are defined), the free take back scheme by the retailer (an obligation called “one-for-one” take-back), or the visible fee (the producers and retailers have to inform the purchaser of the cost of household WEEE disposal on the invoice).

All EEE devices, whether household or professional, are classified into one of the categories defined by the Directive.

Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary4

EUROPEAN REgULATiONS

The 11 Categories of Equipment valid from 1 January 2015 until 14 August 2018

11A1B

Large Household equipmentTemperature exchange equipmentother large household equipment

2 Small Household equipment

33A

3B

iT and Telecommunications equipmentScreens, monitors, and equipment containing screens having a surface greater than 100 cm2,other iT and Telecommunications equipment

44A

4B

Consumer equipmentScreens, monitors, and equipment containing screens having a surface greater than 100 cm2

other Consumer equipment

5 Lighting equipment

6 Electrical and electronic tools

7 Toys, leisure and sports equipment

8 Medical devices

9 Monitoring and control instruments

10 Automatic dispensers

11 Photovoltaic panels

The 7 categories valid from 15 August 2018

1 Temperature exchange equipment

2Screens, monitors, and equipment containing screens having a surface greater than 100 cm²

3 Lamps

4 Large equipment

5 Small equipment

6 Small iT and telecommunication equipment

7 Photovoltaic panels

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OrganisationHoUsEHold WEEE ProFEssional WEEE

The Decree offers two options to producers of household equipment. They can either implement an individual collection and treatment scheme subject to approval by public authorities (no individual scheme has been approved to date) or join an approved Producer Responsibility Organisation (PRo) responsible for the collection and treatment of household equipment.

in 2006, the PRos founded OCAD3E, the association responsible for coordinating and managing relationships between PRos and local authorities, who play a major role in household WEEE collection. Photovoltaic panels are included in the scope since the transposition of Directive 2012/19/Eu. The PRo PV Cycle was approved on January 1st, 2015 for their collection and treatment.The collection of Household WEEE is organised in five separate waste streams.

The 5 Waste Streams“gEM F” - Large cooling appliances

“gEM HF”- Large household appliances (except for cooling appliances)

“Écrans” – Screens“PAM” - other small appliances

“Lampes” - Lamps

Household WEEE is collected by:∎ local authorities who have set up a separate collection

scheme and signed a contract with the oCAD3E to receive compensation for collection costs. By the end of 2014, 64 million French citizens had access to such a separate collection scheme for WEEE, notably through 4,700 treatment centres ;

∎ distributors. By the end of 2014, there were more than 24,000 collection points for WEEE, with 15,500 for lamps

∎ not-for-profit and community organisations involved in reuse operations.

∎ new collection channels introduced by PRos (companies, recyclers, etc.) in view of achieving the ambitious collection targets that were set.

Valid accreditation

Valid accreditation (since 1st January 2015)

Accredited until 31/12/2014

All WEEE except Category

5 and 11

Category 11 WEEE

(Photovoltaic panels)

Category 5 WEEE (Lighting

equipment)

All WEEE except

Category 5 and 11

www.ecologic-france.com

WebsiteNameAccreditation PeriodCategories

covered byt the accreditation

www.eco-systemes.fr

www.erp-recycling.fr

www.pvcycle.org

www.recylum.com

owners of professional EEE are responsible for the end-of-life of products placed on the market before 13 August 2005, except when such equipment has been replaced by new devices (taken back by the supplier). The end-of-life of professional EEE put into circulation after 13 August 2005, or of older equipment having been the object of replacement, is the responsibility of the producer, who is given two options since August 2014: ∎ implementing an individual scheme for collection

and treatment (no approval is necessary, unlike for the household sector).

∎ joining an approved Producer Responsibility Organisation accredited for the collection and treatment of certain types of professional WEEE.

The right, provided for in the above decree, to delegate the end-of-life management to the final user of the equipment was abolished by Decree 2014-928 transposing Directive 2012/19/Eu (Art. 5).

As of 1st January 2014, 4 PRos are accredited for the professional WEEE sector.

Eco-systèmes, Ecologic, ERP and Récylum are each accredited to collect and treat certain categories of professional equipment. only Category 6 equipment and Category 7 equipment are not covered by a PRo accreditation in 2015.

PROs Accredited for the Collection and Treatment of Professional Equipment on 1st January 2015

www.ecologic-france.com

www.eco-systemes.fr

www.erp-recycling.fr

www.recylum.com

WEEE from categories 1, 2, 3 and 4

WEEE from categories 1, 2 and 10

WEEE from categories 1, 2 and 10

WEEE from categories 5, 8 and 9

The collection of professional WEEE, compared to the collection of household WEEE, is characterised by highly varying waste flows, which has led to the development of specific offers by service providers and PRos: on-site collection on request, adapted logistics, internet services, etc.

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Electric cards extracted during WEEE treatment Plastic TV shells before shredding Metallic components from WEEE treatment

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Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary6

Five types of WEEE treatment can be identified. They are ranked on the right according to the degree of priority stipulated by the legislation:

in the treatment centre, WEEE undergoes different operational steps. These steps vary depending on the nature of the WEEE streams to be treated and the recovering processes set up by the operator. The treatment process can usually be divided into 6 main steps :∎ Dismantling (separation of the different components) and decontamination (removal of polluting and hazardous materials and substances)∎ Shredding of equipment into small

pieces

∎ Electromagnetic separation of ferrous waste using magnets

∎ optical sorting in order to collect the electronic cards which are treated later in a different way to recover the strategic materials included in this part of WEEE

∎ Separation of the non-ferrous metal material by Eddy Currents (including copper)

∎ Separation of the plastics by optical sorting or floating (in a tank containing liquid, materials are separated based

on their ability to float or absorb water. For instance paper will fall into the tank while plastic will float).

After sorting, the different materials included into WEEE can be directly recovered or can undergo other treatment steps.

TREATMENT

THE MAiN WEEE TREATMENT STEPS:

French designation English designation Type de traitement

“Préparation à la réutilisation”

Reuse Reuse of whole devices

“Réutilisation en pièces” Component reuse Reuse of device components

“Recyclage” Recycling Material recycling

“Valorisation énergétique” Energy recovery Energy recovery

“Élimination” DisposalDisposal without material or energy recovery (landfill, incineration without energy recovery)

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0

300

600

900

1 200

1 500

Year

Tonnage – thousands

2006

1 3361 429

2007

1 465

2008

1 412

2009

1 453

2010

1 373

2012

1 336

2013

1 326

2014

1 446

2011

Market633 million pieces of equipment were placed on the French market in 2014, representing 1,55 million tonnes of EEE.in 2014, data from the WEEE Register showed a slight increase in the number of produced units (+2.1 %) whereas the tonnage of EEE put on the market remained stable (-0.03 %). This can be explained by the increase in the number of small-sized commercialised professional equipment (e.g. sensors). Gfk’s annual study on the market of technical goods (televisions, cameras, telecommunications, audio, computers, connected devices, corresponding mainly to categories 3 and 4)1 showed a 2.5 % decline on the French market compared to 2013 (15,1 billion euros in 2014), whereas the European market returned to equilibrium and the global market sustained growth. While the telephony and electronics sectors are performing well, the photo sector in particular has suffered

from competition from smartphones. The results of the study relating to the first quarter of 2015 confirmed this trend (+20 % increase on the telecommunications market, -13 % for the photo and -1.5 % for the office equipment sectors) and showed a progress on the small electrical household appliance market (+3 %). Despite the mixed global growth, the market is expected to build on the current trend toward continuous rise of connected objects as the industry is positioning itself in this market and the uses of such products have multiplied

(health, home, car, wearables, etc.). The global stagnation observed in 2014 is coherent with the context of weak economic recovery in the same year, which was hardly favourable to large capital investment by companies or to the purchase of new equipment by households.

0100200300400500600700800900

1 000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Categories

Tonnage - thousands

20102011201220132014

Distribution of total tonnage of equipment put on the market, by category and by year

HoUsEHold EEE ProFEssional EEE

558 million pieces of household equipment placed on the market in 2014 (+0.2 % compared to 2013) i.e. around 8.5 appliances per inhabitant.

The tonnages of household EEE put on the market (1,325,620 tonnes in 2014) slightly decreased (-1.1 % compared to 2013), mainly due to lower quantities of commercialised equipment of categories 1, 2 and 3, which represent 80.5 % of household equipment.

74,9 million pieces of professional equipment put on the market in 2014, corresponding to +18 % compared to 2013, average equipment weight: 3.1 kg in 2014, compared with 3.4 kg in 2013.

The 2012 and 2013 accreditations of PRos for professional WEEE have had an impact on the declared tonnages of products put on the market :

∎ The tonnages from individual schemes reported in 2014 dropped by 31 % compared to 2012 (2012 being the first year of accreditation of PRos for the professional sector), while the tonnage declared by PRos increased by 91 % over the same period. Several producers who previously managed individual schemes have since joined PRos as soon as they obtained their accreditation.

∎ Thus PRos have attracted the small-sized equipment sector (the sector that has led to the decrease in the average unit weight) as well as for other categories of equipment that fall outside the legal channels.

∎ The 7 % of producers previously delegating WEEE management to their end user have turned to individual schemes but more significantly to PRos (increased share of tonnage from 46.4 % to 53 %).

The total declared put on the market tonnages (228,682 tonnes in 2014) increased by 7 % compared to 2013, in contrast to the household sector. This increase can be attributed to canvassing actions by PRos, to information campaigns and the dunning notices sent to producers by the Ministry of Environment and ADEME which have contributed to raise the awareness of producers on the need to declare their equipment.

Evolution of total tonnage of household equipment put on the market between 2006 and 2014

Year

Tonnage – thousands

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013 201420110

50

100

150

200

250

201215 210

164184

219239

214229

Evolution of total tonnage of professional equipment put on the market between 2006 and 2014

71http://www.gfk.com/fr/insights/press-release/le-connecte-nouvel-eldorado-des-biens-techniques/

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500

600

700

800

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1 000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Categories

2010

2011

2012

20132014

Tonnage - thousands

HoUsEHold EEE ProFEssional EEE

63.4 % of the total tonnage represents large household appliances (category 1).

Prospection by new accredited PRos of potential adherents for professional equipment continued to have a positive impact on reported quantities.

33 % of the tonnage is made up of iT and telecommunications equipment (category 3), despite a slight decrease in declared tonnages (-1 % compared to 2013). The categories experiencing the highest increase in tonnage are category 1 (+28 % compared to 2013) and category 8 (+25 %), while most other categories have suffered a decline.

Distribution of total tonnage of household equipment put on the market,

by category and by year

When comparing the evolution of products put on the market in terms of number of units and tonnages, we note a steady decline in unit weight in category 3 equipment (a 7.6 % drop between 2013 and 2014, and if compared with 2009, the unit weight has decreased by 30 % in 5 years). This illustrates the efforts of manufacturers to reduce the weight of equipment (e.g. using less metal and more plastic material in appliances) and the growth of the computer and telecommunications sector (laptops, tablets, smartphones). The eco-design of products, which also aims at improving the reparability and recyclability of products and at reducing the use of toxic substances, is taken into account to calculate the eco-contribution rate, which is set according to environmental criteria for 13 categories of equipment instead of the former six categories, since 1 July, 2015.

Récylum: 0.9 %

ERP: 7.7 %

Ecologic: 16.6 %

Eco-systèmes: 74.8 %

The market share of Eco-Systèmes has slightly declined (74.8 % of the declared put on the market tonnages compared to 75.3 % in 2013), to the benefit of Ecologic (slight increase from 16.2 % to 16.6 %).

0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Categories

Tonnage - thousands

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Distribution of total tonnage of professional equipment put on the market,

by category and by year

Distribution of total tonnage of professional equipment put on the market in 2014,

by type of organisation

The proportion of equipment managed by PRos has significantly increased (53 % in 2014 compared to 47 % in 2013). PRos are playing a more significant and prominent role: their market share is now greater than that of individual schemes. This shift has been more rapidly enforced since the user management system was eliminated and producers started implementing the solutions proposed by PRos, as well as thanks to the actions of the latter to increase their presence in the professional sector.

Market share by PRO in 2014

8 Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary

PROs: 53 %

Individual scheme: 47 %

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120

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Tonnage – thousands

2010

2011

2012

20132014

Collection

Distribution of total tonnage of WEEE collected by category and by year

9

After a period of stagnation, the collection of WEEE is starting to pick up again: 526,855 tonnes of WEEE were collected in France in 2014 (+9.8 %) - i.e. 52 times the weight of the Eiffel Tower or over 10 tonnes the weight of the Titanic. More than 3,27 million tonnes of WEEE were collected since 2006.

The collection of WEEE has greatly increased since 2013, driven by various factors such as communication campaigns and the development of new collection channels by the PRos. The categories experiencing the highest increase are category 8 (medical devices), category 10 (automatic dispensers) and category 9 (monitoring and control instruments),

in which both the household and the professional sector are managed by PRos (increase between 29 % and 45 %, from 2013 to 2014). However, these categories only represented just over 8,500 tonnes of WEEE collected in 2014.

Category 1 (large household appliances) represents the highest tonnage with 296,419 tonnes of WEEE collected in 2014, due to the significant unit weight of such equipment and the sharp increase in terms of tonnage (+31,951 tonnes compared to 2013).

RETouRSoMMAiRE

HoUsEHold WEEE ProFEssional WEEE

495,307 tonnes of household WEEE were collected in 2014 by 4 accredited PRos Corresponding to +8.8 % compared to 2013.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

10

159

284

371

417448 453 455

495

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Years

Large cooling appliances Large appliances (other than cooling)

Screens Small appliances (mixed) Lamps

Tonnage - thousands

Evolution of household WEEE collected in 2013, by waste stream between 2006 and 2014

64 million inhabitants are served by the general WEEE sector, 55 million inhabitants by the lamp sector.

NB :

∎ collected flows increased sharply in 2014 (+8.8 %), with the exception of screen flows (-2.5 %).

∎ Lamp collection continued to rise and the collection rate reached 42.3 % in 2014 compared to 38 % in 2013 (taking into account the average put on the market quantities over the past three years) ;

∎ Quantities of large electrical household appliances rose dramatically (+10.4 %), mainly thanks to the development of collection channels by PRos.

∎ Finally, the collection of other small appliances continued to increase (+18.4 % compared to 2013 and +23.7 % compared to 2010) thanks to enhanced awareness raising campaigns and the designation of new collection points.

68 % of collected WEEE originated from waste collection centres (in tonnes)23 % is collected from store collection points or via one-for-one take-backs at delivery.

in 2014, the percentage collection of the four accredited PRos was similar to that in 2013 and very close to their market shares.

02468

101214161820

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Categories

Tonnage – thousands

2010

2011

2012

20132014

Distribution of tonnage of collected professional WEEE, by category and by year

31,548 tonnes of professional WEEE were reported as collected in the 2014 Register corresponding to +28.9 % compared to 2013

NB :

∎ the collected WEEE mainly involved category 3 (iT and telecommunications equipment representing 62.8 % of tonnage). This category has experienced an increase of 18.7 % compared to 2013. The collection percentages for this equipment category have fluctuated by around twenty percent since 2008, thus illustrating the irregular volumes of WEEE to be collected from one year to the next.

∎ the disparities in terms of product lifespan (high lifespan for categories 1 and 6, compared to category 3 for example) explain the high representation of categories relating to equipment that is renewed more often.

∎ the recent accreditation for PRos contributed to the greater volumes collected compared to 2013, particularly for categories 1 (+86.5 %), 8 (+42.1 %), 9 (+73.4 %) and 10 (41.2 %).

10 Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary

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HoUsEHold WEEE ProFEssional WEEE

With 7.5 kg per inhabitant collected in 2014 at the national, the minimum collection target of 4 kg per inhabitant, set by the WEEE directive until 2015, was surpassed at the national level and the collected quantity per capita has been on the increase compared to 2013 (6.9 kg per capita). However, the target set in the accreditation specifications of the PROs of 10 kg per inhabitant in 2014 was not achieved. By way of comparison, the collection rate to be achieved in 2016 will be around 9.2 kg per inhabitant, according to the new targets set by directive 2012/19/Eu for 2016 (45 % of the average household equipment placed on the market in the last three years). With 16 kg/inhabitant, the département of Tarn-et-Garonne achieved the highest collection rate in 2014.

Réunion Guade loupe MayotteMartinique FrenchGuyane

0 10

29 22

56

44

85

49

5335

50 14

61

72

37

8679

1716

33

40

6465

31

0911

66

34 13

30 84

83

0604

05

73

74

38

260748

12

8182

32

4746

23

15 43

63

19

3618

41

45

28

78

9177

89

58

03

42 69

01

71

21

5210

51

0260

95

8076

6259

08

55

54

5767

8868

9070

25

39

94

93

9275

24

87

27

2b

2a

Kg per capita

Household WEEE collected in 2014, per capita by department

53 % of the professional WEEE tonnage collected in 2014 was achieved through individual schemes set up by producers (compared to 97 % in 2012 and 74 % in 2013).

0

20

40

60

80

100

Individual scheme PROs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Categories

In %15 % 98 % 83 % 0 %92 %85 % 88 % 95 % 35 %

Share of the WEEE collected in 2014, by equipment category and organisation scheme

The tonnages of collected waste declared by accredited PRos in 2014 (categories 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 10) increased by 95 % compared to 2013, totalling 12,003 collected tonnes. This sharp increase corresponds to the scalability of professional PRos during the second consecutive year of their accreditation (intensive canvassing of producers, communication campaigns, contracts with new members, and improvement of their collection system). This increase is mainly due to the identification and collection of additional tonnages of professional WEEE by PRos, since the tonnages from individual schemes saw a slower increase between 2013 and 2014 (+11 %) and, to a lesser extent, to the declaration of producers with former management by the user systems.

However, the PRos are confronted with problems specific to the professional sector compared to the collection of household equipment :∎ flows vary greatly and are unpredictable (e.g. when a

producer decides to renew its professional printer pool, collection flows increase considerably) ;

∎ and the needs of professionals require the offering of tailored services.

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The tonnage treated in France shown in this section was underestimated compared to the actual WEEE quantities treated each year. it corresponds to the quantities treated at the request of producers and PROs recorded in the WEEE Register. Treatment centres process greater quantities of WEEE, including professional WEEE which users do not send to PRos or to the individual schemes set up by producers, or historical WEEE (placed on the market before 13 August 2005), not subject to reporting requirements.

78 % (in tonnes) of the WEEE components were recycled. The other treatment processes are disposal (10 %), energy recovery (9 %), preparation for reuse (2 %) or component reuse (1 %).

in 2014, the EU regulatory reuse-recycling and recovery targets (WEEE directive) were achieved by France for all equipment categories (both household and professional WEEE).

Treatment522,118 tonnes of WEEE were reported as treated in 2014 (+9.1 % compared to 2013)This WEEE was 78% recycled.

0

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2011

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20132014

Distribution of treated WEEE, by category and by year

0

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In % Regulatory targets Reuse and recycling share

Reuse and recycling rates achieved compared to the regulatory targets, by equipment category

HoUsEHold WEEE ProFEssional WEEE

491,535 tonnes of household WEEE were reported as treated in 2014 by the 4 accredited PRos (+8.3 %)

The difference between tonnage collected and treated was due to the stock that was not treated during the year.

The distribution of the quantities treated by flow follows that of quantities collected: 54 % of the tonnage involves large electrical household appliances (large cooling appliances and large household appliances).

30,583 tonnes of professional WEEE were reported as treated in 2014 (+22.7 %) by the 4 PRos and 205 producers under individual schemes.

Category 3 represents 62 % of the tonnage.

12 Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary

RETouRSoMMAiRE

Lamps: 1 %

Large cooling appliances : 18 %

Screens: 18 %

Small appliances (mixed): 27 %

Large appliances (other than cooling): 36 %

Distribution of household WEEE treated in 2014, by waste stream

Automatic dispensers: 5 %

Monitoring and controlinstruments: 6 %

Medical devices: 9 %

Electrical and electronic tools: 2 %

Lighting equipment: 9 %

IT and telecommunications equipment: 62 %

Large household appliances: 7 %

Disposal: 7 %

Energy recovery: 5 %

Component reuse: 1 %

Preparation for reuse (whole appliances): 13 %

Recycling: 74 %

Distribution of professional WEEE treated in 2014, by equipment type

Professional equipment, and computer equipment in particular, generates significant amounts of products meant to be reused, both in terms of quality and quantity since the duration of their use is shorter than their life cycle. 59 % of the preparation of whole professional equipment for reuse is performed outside the European union and 27 % in France, whereas the reuse of parts, the recycling, energy recovery and disposal is observed almost exclusively in the European union (over 99 % of the tonnage for each of these three types of treatment).According to the 2012 ADEME inventory involving 196 WEEE treatment centres in France, at least 108,000 tonnes of professional WEEE were treated in 2012, whereas only 17,504 tonnes were reported in the Register. Various initiatives are being considered to ensure that more processed WEEE be included in official figures.

HoUsEHold WEEE ProFEssional WEEE

Disposal: 10 %

Energy recovery: 9 %

Component reuse: 1 %

Preparation for reuse (whole appliances): 1 %

Recycling: 79 %

Distribution of household WEEE treated in 2014, by type of treatment

Distribution of professional WEEE treated in 2014, by treatment type

With regard to equipment reuse, the quantities reported under the heading “preparation for reuse” correspond to the tonnes of equipment which are returned to the market for a second life cycle. Not all appliances that are sent to preparation for reuse facilities are returned to the market because either they cannot be repaired or they are no longer of interest (obsolete technology, high energy consumption, etc.). in 2014, the WEEE quantities prepared for reuse represented one tenth of the quantities sent to preparation for reuse facilities (4,647 tonnes prepared for reuse compared to 47,082 tonnes sent to preparation to reuse facilities). Household appliances are prepared for reuse exclusively in France.

More than 99 % of household WEEE was treated in France in 2014 (<1 % in Belgium), a stable figure compared to 2013. 79 % of household WEEE components was recycled.

80 % of WEEE was treated in France and 12 % in the European Union. Professional WEEE was 74 % recycled and 13 % prepared for reuse (in tonnes). The percentage of recycled WEEE increased due to the sector’s organisation based on the accreditation of PRos.

13

The turnover of technical goods (including TVs, Hi-Fi equipment, computers, tablets, mobile phones and digital cameras) was €15,1 billion in France in 2014 (-2.5 % compared to 2013)2 . Revenues of PRos (contributions from producers) for the collection and treatment of household WEEE in 2014: €160 million (stable figure compared to 2013).Revenues of PRos (contributions from producers) for the collection and treatment of professional WEEE in 2014: € 6,1 million (+0.3 %).

ECONOMiC DATA

2GFK, Press release, February 4th, 2015, “Le connecté, nouvel eldorado des biens techniques »: http://www.gfk.com/fr/insights/press-release/le-connecte-nouvel-eldorado-des-biens-techniques/

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According to data by the WEEE Forum, the tonnages placed on the market in 2013 in different European countries were relatively heterogeneous, ranging from less than 10 kg/capita in Bulgaria, Lithuania and Greece, to over 40 kg/capita in Norway. France was midway, with around twenty kilograms of EEE

placed on the market per capita. These tonnages are relatively stable in most countries compared to 2012, and represent a total of 7,5 million tonnes in the European countries covered by the study (84 % of the Eu of 28 members, and Norway and Switzerland).

The recycling conditions of WEEE in the European Union were assessed as part of the CWiT Project (Countering WEEE illegal Trade)3.

it showed that the official collection and recycling channels covered only 35 % of the WEEE generated in the Eu in 2012, i.e. 3,3 million tonnes. The remaining 65 %, or 6,15 million tonnes, were either recycled in Europe under non-compliant conditions (3,15 million tonnes), exported (1,5 million tonnes), sorted to recover valuable materials (0,75 million tonnes) or discarded (0,75 million tonnes). Moreover, the study highlighted significant disparities in the level of knowledge of the destination of WEEE.

1,3 million tonnes left the Eu without proper documentation and might therefore be considered illegal if not identified as waste or used equipment. As the large part of these equipments are intended for reuse and repair, about 30 % of such equipment are classified as exported WEEE for illegal purposes (between 250 and 700,000 tonnes). Nevertheless, the quantity of “poorly managed” or “illegally commercialised” WEEE within Europe itself, outside legal channels, is about 10 times higher. This study highlights the fact that, contrary to what is commonly believed, only a small proportion of European

WEEE is exported to Asia and Africa: most of this waste remains in Europe. The theft of valuable components (circuit boards, precious metals) represents a loss of between €800 million and €1,7 billion and penalises the official waste treatment systems. The report shows a rise in WEEE illegal recovery in Europe, and Member States currently have limited means of action; the absence of a definition of what is considered to be waste or reusable EEE, and of harmonized procedures (controls, penalties, etc.) among countries makes it difficult to coordinate enforcement actions at the continental level.

The CWiT report offers a series of recommendations to remedy this deficit, namely:∎ harmonised practices,∎ enhanced cooperation among

countries to combat cross-border organized crime,

∎ improved monitoring of the flows and the players involved in the sector,

∎ enforced recycling and reuse standards, and incentives towards official treatment systems.

Reported Waste bin Non-compliant recycling Export for reuse Gap

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100In %

AUT

BEL

BGR

CHE

CYP

CZE

DEU

DN

KES

PES

TFI

NFR

AG

BRG

RCH

RVH

UN IRL

ITA

LTU

LUX

LVA

MLT

NLD

NO

RPO

LPR

TRO

USV

KSV

NSW

E

European comparison

14

2012 EU WEEE amounts documented per Member State (source: Countering WEEE illegal Trade (CWiT) Summary Report)

Electrical and Electronic Equipment in France – 2014 Data - Summary

3 The study was conducted by the CWiT with financial support from the Eu’s 7th Framework Programme, in partnership with interpol, the united Nations inter-Regional Crime and Justice Research institute (uNiCRi), the united Nations university (uNu), the WEEE Forum, the Cross-border Research Association (CBRA) and the firms Compliance & Risks (C&) and Zanasi & Partners. Huisman, J., Botezatu, i., Herreras, L., Liddane, M., Hintsa, J., Luda di Cortemiglia, V., Leroy, P., Vermeersch, E., Mohanty, S., van den Brink, S., Ghenciu, B., Dimitrova, D., Nash, E., Shryane, T., Wieting, M., Kehoe, J., Baldé, C.P., Magalini, F., Zanasi, A., Ruini, F., and Bonzio, A., Countering WEEE illegal Trade (CWiT) Summary Report, Market Assessment, Legal Analysis, Crime Analysis and Recommendations Roadmap, August 30th, 2015, Lyon, France. http://www.cwitproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/CWiT-Final-Summary1.pdf

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Outlook

The quantities of WEEE produced are globally still on the increase...

A united Nations university report published on 19 April4 estimated that the quantities of WEEE disposed of in 2014 reached a new record of 42 million tonnes. The authors predicted that this figure could reach 50 million tonnes in 2018.

These wastes were also managed differently in the different regions; globally, 15.5 % of WEEE were recycled thanks to a regulated national system, and significant differences were observed, for example between Europe (40 %) and Australia (1 %). Asia was the largest producer of WEEE (16 million tonnes in 2014) but Europe topped the per capita production (15.6 kg/capita against 3.7 kg/capita in Asia).

... generated in sectors currently undergoing reform...

The provisions of Directive 2012/19/Eu, transposed into French law in August 2014, have been gradually implemented. one of the major innovation is the new definition of household and professional equipment: all equipment likely to be used by households shall be classified as “household equipment”. This is expected to have a significant impact on the sector in France and Europe. Various equipments previously managed by producers through their individual collection and treatment scheme (e.g. category 3 equipment such as computers) will enter the circuit of household WEEE run by PRos.

The share of professional equipment to be moved to the household WEEE sector is difficult to quantify. However, according to Ecologic estimates, roughly half of category 3 WEEE which are currently declared as professional should remain as such (computer servers, photocopiers, professional telephony, etc.). This new definition became effective as of 1 January, 2015. The first impacts of this amendment will therefore be evident in the 2016 declaration on 2015. Producers as well as PRos will need to reorganise their activities accordingly: producers will be required to differentiate their flows and to become part of a PRos if they were operating an individual scheme, and PRos will face an influx of WEEE from new producers.

... with ambitious collection targets that require the development of new collection channels and new business models

To meet the ambitious collection targets, PRos offer innovative solutions to develop new collection channels and secure the deposits; it bore fruit in 2014 with the increase in collected tonnage, but it will need to continue in the coming years.As for producers, they are considering the introduction of new equipment management solutions, especially applying the principles of circular economy. By developing the sales of services rather than goods, eco-designing products, and using recycled materials, producers have identified the environmental but also economic and social potentials of these new approaches, thus transforming their obligations into development opportunities.

The uNu report provides a reminder of the value of WEEE, estimated at 48 billion euros in 2014, due to the presence of materials such as copper, gold, iron, aluminium, silver, palladium and plastic in such equipment.

Updated data are posted annually at www.ademe.fr/mediatheque

15

4 http://i.unu.edu/media/unu.edu/news/52624/uNu-1stGlobal-E-Waste-Monitor-2014-small.pdf

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