advanced nacelle anemometry and scada-data, analysis ... · advanced nacelle anemometry and...

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Advanced nacelle anemometry and SCADA-data, analysis techniques and limitations

Frank Ormel

Chief Specialist in Product Integration

Vestas

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Outline

EWEA presentation July 2012 Lyon 2

• Introduction

• State of the art

• Advanced methods

• Nacelle Power Curve standard

• Conclusion

Contributors:

Irene Lauret Ducosson, Martin de Mare, Rolf Erik Keck,

Carsten Krogh Nielsen







The purpose: performance monitoring and park optimisation






The problem: correlation to free stream wind







Apparent AEP & real AEP


The apparent effect of a nacelle

anemometer measurement error

The real effect of the same

nacelle anemometer

measurement error

Original power curve

It seems like the power

performance has ben

reduced by 10% whereas

in reality it has been

reduced by 0.5%







The problem: seasonal variation







State of the art: detection of icing

161412108642

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Wind speed (Normalized)

Av

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ow

er

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2010-12-25

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2010-12-28

Day

Scatterplot of AvgPower vs Wind speed (Normalized)

161412108642

1800

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Wind speed (Normalized)

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2010-12-27

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2010-12-29

2010-12-30

2010-12-31

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2010-12-20

2010-12-21

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Scatterplot of AvgPower vs Wind speed (Normalized)






State of the art: incorrect pitching







State of the art: overview


In general, we can confidently detect the following field

performance issues:

• Icing

• Yaw error

• Pitch problems

• De-rating problem

• Curtailment

• Incorrect control parameters influencing performance

• Incorrect nacelle transfer function

• Directional influence






Standardisation: IEC 61400-12-2 standard


The project team has submitted the FDIS to the IEC June

2012. When approved by the national committees the

standard can be expected around summer 2013

The standard is not easier than -12-1; a lot of focus has

been put in to reduce variance. Still, total uncertainty of the

test is higher than -12-1 standard (power curve test with

met-mast)

Useability will largely depend on OEMs to be compliant with

this standard through their software – in which case costs

are significantly lower than for a -12-1 test

Main challenge is to separate terrain influence on wind

speed from rotor infuence






Advanced techniques: NTF calculated by CFD


WS Correlation graph of Free WS vs Anemometer Sensor WS (CFD & Field)

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

18.00

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Freestream WindSpeed (m/s)

An

em

om

ete

r S

en

so

r W

ind

Sp

ee

d (

m/s

)

Anemometer_Right-CFD

Anemometer_Left-CFD

Anemometer_Right-Field

Anemometer_Left-Field

Wind speeds Actuator disc Actuator line Field data

4 0.998 0.982 1.010

6 1.024 - 1.105

8 1.018 1.025 1.036

10 1.021 1.037 1.025

12 1.024 1.032 1.052

14 1.015 - -

16 1.009 1.008 -

Some encouraging

results but high

variability from site to

site and operator to

operator. Not ready for

field testing or

standardisation






Advanced techniques: Spinner anemometry


• Site calibration done

• Turbine running with spinner anemometer for half a

year

• Availability 51% (100% of the data) per 10-min data

set, 97% available (99% of the data per 10-min data

set)

• Correlation to free stream wind has R2 of 0.89, which

is less than standard anemometer (R2 = 0.97)

• Correlation to free stream turbulence is equally bad

between standard anemometer and spinner

anemometer

• More data requirement for spinner anemometery to

establish itself as a valuable option






Limitations and Conclusions


In order to get value out of nacelle anemometry data we

have to overcome these limitations:

• Data quality currently lowers the capability of the analysis

– we are looking with ‘foggy glasses’ and results are not

clear

• Main challenge of understanding the physics through the

available data – data must be used to verify hypotheses,

not only to postulate problems

• Data must be used together with other sources (other

turbines, met-masts, other signals, logbooks

While addressing these challenges, we can identify and solve

a number of problems with park operation and add value by

optimising park performance

Title slide/end slide image dimensions:

Title slide images must always fit this size:

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Thank you for your attention

advanced nacelle anemometry and scada-data, analysis ... · advanced nacelle anemometry and...

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