afaq ahmed p71060

sustainable urban design

prof. Riza atiq

Prepared By:Prepared By: AFAQ AHMED P71060 AFAQ AHMED P71060 DUAA YIHEYA P71078 DUAA YIHEYA P71078

WELCOME IN STOCKHOLM

Stockholm Is the capital of Sweden


Stockholm is located on Sweden's south-central east coast where Lake Malaren meets the Baltic Sea

Over 30% of the city area is made up of waterways and another 30% is made up of parks and green spaces in 2009

Stockholm was awarded title of

(first European Green Capital by the European Commission)

Sustainable Development

Environment Economical Social


Economy

• Stockholm is Sweden's financial center Major Swedish banks, such as Swedbank .The majority of people in Stockholm work in the service industry which accounts for roughly 85% of jobs in Stockholm. The significant number of jobs created in high technology companies large employers include IBM ,Ericsson, and Electrolux


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedbank

Nature conservation is an important piece of sustainability, and should benefit both humans and the environment

-Adapt the urban structure to the geographical constraints—Adapt the urban structure to the geographical constraints—

urban development occurred in natural depressions of the land, with urban development occurred in natural depressions of the land, with aradial metro system running through each neighborhood and aradial metro system running through each neighborhood and

suburban townsuburban town

-This radial development pattern leaves green “wedges” in between the urban areas—which form a system of parks and open spaces that make a region wide system linked by paths and green arterials

-The nodes of urban development along the public transportation system need to be dense, mixed-use, and walk able,

- Open space planning requires cooperation between involved municipalities,

regional entities, and the national government.

Ecological and Social planning development


Planning History

• Planning has a long history in the Swedish society; the first planning laws were drawn up in the 19th century. In Sweden, planning is largely done by local governments, Sweden’s planning system has three main elements:

1. Democratic and decentralized decision-making,

2. Competing interests are balanced,

3. Ecological and social needs and values are taken into account


Timeline of Planning History

• 1930s - Stockholm begins planning for a radial development pattern with green “wedges” in between

• 1945 - 20 year master plan for Stockholm crafted

• 1952 - Metro network begins to be developed, new neighborhoods follow this network

• 1987 - Urban Planning and Building Act revised, now cities are required to create a comprehensive plan (non-binding)

• 1995 - Sweden joins the European Union

• 1999 – City Plan 99 sets forth the “Build the City Inwards” plan for infill development

• 2001 - Stockholm County Council approves its first spatial regional development plan for the greater Stockholm region.


Transportation

• Stockholm has an extensive public transport system. It consists of

• the Stockholm commuter rail

• The Stockholm Metro (Tunnelbana).


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_commuter_rail

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_Metro

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_Metro

Stockholm Tunne lban atrain


Greater Stockholm's commuter train


Stockholm ring road


Planning :is a Cooperative Process

• Even during Stockholm’s most rapid period of growth, the City managed urban development according to their comprehensive plan.

• -This plan was not legally binding, but was followed both within the City of Stockholm and its adjacent suburban towns.

• -The reason that municipalities in the greater Stockholm region follow these non-binding plans is because they are created during a consensus-based process where private organizations, public agencies, and citizens are involved.

• - This approach results in a plan that reflects an integration of these various perspectives.


Plan for Density

• In Stockholm, dense areas that are established as targets for growth in the City Plan are given extra attention,

as planners craft detailed development plans that mandate the type, form, and timing of development in that area.

Then, as long as a development proposal meets the established plan’s criteria, it is automatically approved.


Sector Opportunities:Sustainable Construction

• Large domestic city development project (80,000 new apartments)

• Large infrastructure investments (€ 30 billion by 2030)

• Large number of well established companies in sustainable infrastructure and construction

• High prosperity in exemplary developments with high sustainability performance

• World´s best example of large scale sustainable district (Hammarby Sjöstaden: 25,000 inhabitants, 5,000 foreign experts/year on visits )

• Specialised research in sustainable infrastructure and urban environment (KTH, IVL, Stockholm Institute, Universities in Linköping, Uppsala, Stockholm)


Sector opportunities: New Fuels• New generation of gas vehicles (Volvo, Scania, etc.)• Biogas use in diesel motors (dual fuel)• Growing number of alternatively driven vehicles (including heavy transports)• Development of new infrastructure for bio gas and natural gas (Fortum) • Strong public demand - Stockholm will increase production 10 times in 5 years• Several investments planned in the region (Fortum, Käppala, Scandinavian

Biogas)• All vehicles in the inner city to change to renewable fuels in 2010• Target: decrease CO2 emissions from 4 to 3 tonnes/year and inhabitant 2010• Examples of investors: Scandinavian Biogas (Iceland), Swedish Biofuels,

Chemrec (USA-Sweden)


Sector opportunities: Renewable Energy• Sweden is set to have up to 49% renewable energy by 2020 • Key sources of renewable energy

– Solar cells: only 40 000 households out of 2 million have solar cells today – Wind power: large amount of planned investments– Biogas: change of public and private transport to renewable fuels

• Europe’s first fuel cell for buildings (ABB)• Large energy companies co-owned by municipalities are changing equipment

and fuels, investing in CO2 neutral heat and power generation ( Fortum)• Specialised research: wave power ( Uppsala University, Ångström laboratory),

investments from national and private sources, hydrogen technology research (KTH)

• Examples of investors: Fortum (Finland), EON (Germany), Vesta (Denmark), Chromogenics (USA), Climatewell (Spain)


Sector opportunities: Water Technologies

• High performance of water management systems:

– low costs of production and distribution of tap water

– low use of water

– high quality at low cost (1 SEK/litre)

• Water treatment combined with biogas production

• Experimental water plant in Hammarby Sjöstaden – showroom and test bed for new technologies

• Niche technologies for industrial waste water treatment

• Specialised incubators at Kista Science City and Technikhöjden

• Examples of investors:


Recent investments

• Scandinavian Biogas (Ir) expands with a 50m investment in biogas plan in Stockholm, based on all fractions of organic waste, new highly efficient technology.


afaq ahmed p71060

Technology