aim: why did the compromise of 1820 and the compromise of 1850 increase sectionalism in the u.s? do...
TRANSCRIPT
Aim: Why did the Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850 increase Sectionalism in the U.S?
REVIEW: Slavery had come to America in 1619. It existed through the American Revolution, even after Thomas Jefferson wrote his famous lines in the Declaration of Independence, "All men are created equal. They are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights. That among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Obviously, slaves were not part of this equation.
When it came time to write the Constitution, the word "slavery" was never used. Instead, the framers chose to use the term "other people." These other people were considered property and only counted as 3/5 of a person for the purposes of representation in Congress according to the 3/5 Compromise. This compromise kept slavery in the United States intact. The founders also decided not to do anything about the issue of slavery for twenty years. Someone else would have to deal with it.
As a result of the victory over Mexico, the United States suddenly found itself with a vast amount of territory. The new territory would eventually need to be divided into states. The question was, would those states be slave states or free states.
SO, WHY DO THE STATES CARE SO MUCH ABOUT SLAVERY?
POPULATION: 21.5 MILLION
NUMBER OF FACTORIES: 110,100
MILES OF RAILROAD: 21,700
BANK DEPOSITS: 207 MILLION
COTTON PRODUCTION: 4 THOUSAND BALES
SLAVE POPULATION: LESS THAN 10% OF POP.
POPULATION: 9 MILLION
NUMBER OF FACTORIES: 20,600
MILES OF RAILROAD: 9,000
BANK DEPOSITS: 47 MILLION
COTTON PRODUCTION: 5 MILLION BALES
SLAVE POPULATION: 10 -50% OF POP.
1. Where do the Northern states get their power from?2. Where do the Southern States get their power from?3. Based on the chart, how do the regions match up?4. What would each side have to do to increase their power and
control?
The Missouri Compromise of
1820
ReadTonight’s Match Up
Going head to head: Free States Vs. Slave States
As new states are admitted into the Union, the Nation is changing and the number of Slave States vs. Free States is equal.
However, new land obtained in the west = new states... AND popular sovereignty = new states can decide whether or not they will allow slavery in their state.
This could upset the balance of power in Congress!!!
In 1817, Missouri applied for statehood. There were 2000 slaves in the state, so it was applying to the union as a slave state. The North saw this as a problem because they were upset about the southern control of the presidency as well as a slave counting as three fifths of a person. The South was afraid that the North would get control of the government and a fierce debate in Congress erupted.
11-0 11-0
In order to resolve tensions, Henry Clay came up with the Missouri Compromise of 1820.
Missouri was to be admitted as a slave state at the same time Maine was to be admitted as a free state. Also, slavery was to be outlawed in all of the Louisiana Territory north of the Mason Dixon (36°30' parallel) line and south of Missouri.
The Compromise of 1850
Read the NextMatch Up
Going head to head Again: Free States Vs. Slave States
After the Mexican war, California applied for admission to the Union as a free state but the state was so BIG that the 36°30' parallel line from the Missouri Compromise cut the state in half.
The Southern states did not want California to enter the Union as a free state without another state entering the Union as a slave state..state without another state entering the Union as a slave state.
Once again, the North and South were at it again !!!
California We need a state too!
The crisis was solved only when Senators Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and Stephen Douglas pushed through a compromise package called the Compromise of 1850.
. 1. California was entered as a free state.
2. New Mexico and Utah were each allowed to use popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery.
3. The Republic of Texas gave up lands that it claimed in present day New Mexico and received $10 million to pay its debt to Mexico.
4. The slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia.
5. The Fugitive Slave Act made any federal official who did not arrest a runaway slave liable to pay a fine. This was the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850 and caused many abolitionists to increase their efforts against slavery.
The class will be divided into two teams (the North Vs. the South).
The first team to complete the entire Comparing Compromises worksheet
gets 5 points on their next exam!
RULE: ALL TEAM MEMBERS MUST HAVE ANSWERS FILLED IN TO WIN!
The United States in 1810
1.) How many states existed in 1810?2.) How many territories?3.) Look at what is now Alaska in the bottom left of this map. Why do you think its called “Russian America?”
4.) Examine this map closely. What two states were added in the Compromise of 1820?5.) How many total states are there in 1820?6.) How many states are slaves states? Free states?7.) The Compromise of 1820 established the Missouri Compromise Line (southern border of Missouri). By looking at the Arkansas Territory and the “Unorganized Territory,” make anassumption about what the purpose of the Missouri Compromise Line was.
The Compromise of 1820
The Compromise of 1850
8.) List at least 5 changes that occurred between 1820 and 1850.9.) How has the number of slave and free states changed from 1820 and 1850?10.) What two things happened to the Arkansas Territory? (Look closely at the boundary lines)11.) What new states were added in 1850?12.) How are the Utah and New Mexicoterritories different from the other states and territories?