Alabama High School Alabama High School Graduation ExamGraduation ExamSocial Studies Social Studies Remediation Remediation Vocabulary Review Vocabulary Review Chapter 4Chapter 4

Tariff of 1816 –Tariff of 1816 –

raised tariffs on raised tariffs on imports by 20 imports by 20 percentpercent

Trail of Tears – Trail of Tears –

the forced removal of five the forced removal of five Native American nations Native American nations (Creeks, Choctaws, (Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Cherokees, and Chickasaws, Cherokees, and Seminoles) and relocation to Seminoles) and relocation to present day Oklahoma. Over present day Oklahoma. Over one quarter of the people died one quarter of the people died on this "Trail of Tears" from on this "Trail of Tears" from disease, starvation, and disease, starvation, and exposure to the bitter cold.exposure to the bitter cold.

Amish – Amish –

established in parts of established in parts of Pennsylvania, Canada, Pennsylvania, Canada, and the Midwest; their and the Midwest; their objective was to keep objective was to keep religious purity by living religious purity by living a life of simplicity and a life of simplicity and hard work.hard work.

Lewis & Clark –Lewis & Clark –

led an expedition to led an expedition to find a water route to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean. the Pacific Ocean. This exploration led This exploration led to the rapid to the rapid migration of settlers migration of settlers to the Pacific to the Pacific Northwest.Northwest.

Suffragettes – Suffragettes –

women who women who supported the right supported the right to voteto vote

Quakers – Quakers –

another community another community whose objective was whose objective was to keep religious to keep religious purity by living a life purity by living a life of simplicity and hard of simplicity and hard workwork

Frederick Douglass – Frederick Douglass –

the most prominent the most prominent African American African American speaker for the speaker for the abolition of slavery.abolition of slavery.

Andrew Jackson – Andrew Jackson –

the first man to rise the first man to rise from poverty to the from poverty to the office of President. office of President. People elected People elected Jackson because they Jackson because they thought he thought he represented the represented the common man.common man.

Robert Fulton – Robert Fulton –

used a steam used a steam powered boat to powered boat to travel up the Hudson travel up the Hudson River from New River from New Jersey; boats are now Jersey; boats are now able to go up the able to go up the river as well as down.river as well as down.

Eli Whitney – Eli Whitney –

invented the cotton invented the cotton gin, a machine that gin, a machine that separated the seeds separated the seeds from the cotton; the from the cotton; the gin made cotton the gin made cotton the most profitable crop most profitable crop in the South.in the South.

James Monroe –James Monroe –

Republican and the Republican and the fifth president of the fifth president of the United States; during United States; during his presidency, the his presidency, the country experienced country experienced political unity.political unity.

Henry Clay – Henry Clay –

proposed (a) a protective proposed (a) a protective tariff (tax on imports) to tariff (tax on imports) to keep American keep American manufacturing growing, manufacturing growing, (b) internal improvements (b) internal improvements (better canals and (better canals and roadways), and (c) a roadways), and (c) a strong national bank.strong national bank.

Sacagawea – Sacagawea –

a very talented a very talented Native American Native American Shoshone woman Shoshone woman who became who became translator and guide translator and guide to Lewis & Clark on to Lewis & Clark on their expedition to their expedition to find a water route to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean.the Pacific Ocean.

Erie Canal (1825) – Erie Canal (1825) –

provided a new shipping provided a new shipping route from Buffalo, NY, to route from Buffalo, NY, to Albany, NY. The canal's Albany, NY. The canal's success contributed to success contributed to establishing New York City establishing New York City as the major commercial as the major commercial center of the United center of the United States.States.

Reservations – Reservations –

tiny parcels of tiny parcels of marginal land where marginal land where Native Americans Native Americans were expelled to were expelled to when white settlers when white settlers wanted their landwanted their land

Utopia – Utopia –

a community that a community that would be harmonious would be harmonious and provide the and provide the world with the best world with the best example of how to example of how to livelive

Alabama in 1819 – Alabama in 1819 –

Alabama was Alabama was admitted as a slave admitted as a slave state in 1819 state in 1819 restoring the balance restoring the balance of slave states and of slave states and free statesfree states

Spoils system – Spoils system –

the policy, openly the policy, openly allowed by Andrew allowed by Andrew Jackson, of allowing Jackson, of allowing friends and supporters friends and supporters to have high positions to have high positions in public officein public office

Monroe Doctrine – Monroe Doctrine –

a nonintervention a nonintervention policy in which the policy in which the U.S. declared it U.S. declared it would not interfere in would not interfere in the internal affairs of the internal affairs of European countries European countries or in independent or in independent countries in the countries in the Americas.Americas.

National Road – National Road –

stretched westward stretched westward from Cumberland, from Cumberland, Maryland, to Maryland, to Wheeling, Virginia. Wheeling, Virginia. Under Henry Clay's Under Henry Clay's initiative, the initiative, the National Road National Road extended further extended further West to Vandalia, West to Vandalia, Illinois. Illinois.

Manifest Destiny – Manifest Destiny –

The belief that it was The belief that it was God's will for the God's will for the United States to United States to expand and expand and eventually possess eventually possess the entire continent.the entire continent.

Indian Removal Act – Indian Removal Act –

an act proposed by an act proposed by Andrew Jackson and Andrew Jackson and passed by Congress passed by Congress forcing the removal of five forcing the removal of five Native American nations Native American nations (Creeks, Choctaws, (Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Cherokees, Chickasaws, Cherokees, and Seminoles) to and Seminoles) to reservations in present reservations in present day Oklahomaday Oklahoma

Doctrine of Doctrine of Nullification Nullification

the doctrine that states the doctrine that states "If Congress passes a bill "If Congress passes a bill that is very harmful to a that is very harmful to a particular state, that state particular state, that state is not obligated to enforce is not obligated to enforce the federal law. In the federal law. In addition, if three fourths addition, if three fourths of the states believe such of the states believe such a law to be a law to be unconstitutional, the law unconstitutional, the law will be null and void."will be null and void."

Underground Underground Railroad – Railroad –

not actually a not actually a railroad, the railroad, the Underground Underground Railroad was a Railroad was a network of people network of people who helped slaves who helped slaves escape to the escape to the northern United northern United States or Canada.States or Canada.

Abolitionist Abolitionist movement – movement –

a movement to put a movement to put an end to slaveryan end to slavery

Temperance Temperance Movement Movement

members of this members of this movement wanted to movement wanted to monitor the use of monitor the use of alcohol; later, they alcohol; later, they advocated total advocated total abstinence from abstinence from alcohol.alcohol.

"Era of Good Feeling" "Era of Good Feeling" ––

the national unity the national unity and optimistic mood and optimistic mood during James during James Monroe's presidencyMonroe's presidency

The End of Chapter 4The End of Chapter 4