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STRATEGJIA KOMBËTARE PËR MIGRACIONIN
DHE PLANI I VEPRIMIT 2019 - 2022
THE NATIONAL STRATEGY ON MIGRATION AND ACTION PLAN
2019 - 2022
THE NATIONAL STRATEGY
ON MIGRATION
AND ACTION PLAN
2019 - 2022
The opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the document do not imply expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries.
IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society.
As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in the meeting of operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants.
______________________
Translation and printing of this document was made possible through the support provided by IOM Albania under the project “Supporting the Development of a Migration Policy in Albania” funded by the IOM Development Fund (IDF).
Publisher: International Organization for Migration – Mission in Albania Rruga Brigada VIII, P. LID Kati III, Ap. 303 Tirana, Albania Tel.: +355 42257836-7 Fax: +355 4225 7835 Email: infotirana@iom.int Website: http://www.albania.iom.int
This publication has been issued without formal editing by IOM.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF ACRONYMS 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 6
PART I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT 7
Introduction and purpose of the strategy 7
Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework, Achievements, Challenges and Lessons Learned
12
PART II. VISION, POLICY GOALS AND SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGY 34
PART III SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGY AND MAJOR PRODUCTS 35
Part IV FINANCIAL RESOURCES 39
Part V ACCOUNTABILITY AND MONITORING 42
ACTION PLAN ON THE NATIONAL STRATEGY ON MIGRATION 2019 – 2022 43
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
ADISA Agency for Delivery of Integrated Services AlbaniaAIDA Albanian Investment Development AgencyASPA Albanian School of Public AdministrationAVRR Assisted Voluntary Return and ReintegrationBoA Bank of AlbaniaDBM Department of Border and MigrationDPA Department of Public AdministrationDTM Displacement Tracking MatrixERF Electronic Register of ForeignersIBM Integrated Border ManagementINSTAT Institute of StatisticsIOM International Organization for MigrationIPMG Integrated Policy Management Group IWG Inter-Institutional Working Group MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentMC Migration CounterMEFA Ministry for Europe and Foreign AffairsMiGoF Migration Governance FrameworkMoESY Ministry of Education, Sports and YouthMoFE Ministry of Finance and EconomyMoHSP Ministry of Health and Social ProtectionMoI Ministry of InteriorMoJ Ministry of JusticeMoTE Ministry of Tourism and EnvironmentNDA National Diaspora AgencyNES National Employment ServiceNSDI National Strategy for Development and IntegrationRCC Regional Cooperation CouncilSDGs Sustainable Development GoalsSII Social Insurance InstituteSMD State Minister for DiasporaSOPs Standard Operating ProceduresTCN Third Country NationalUAM Unaccompanied minorUNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for RefugeesVET Vocational Education and Training VoT Victim of Trafficking
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Dear friends, colleagues and collaborators
The National Strategy on Migration and its Action Plan 2019-2022 represents an important step towards the accomplishment of the national and international commitments of the Government of Albania in the field of migration. The need to have such document came as a result of the need for a cross-sectorial approach towards migration governance, to address the challenges and to maximize as much as possible the impact of migration to the development of the country. Its development also addresses the European Commission’s recommendation in 2018, which required Albania to consider migration as a core issue and to develop a cross-sectorial migration strategy.
The National Strategy on Migration, inspired by global migration processes as much as Albania’s EU integration process, aims to provide, until 2022, a complete and comprehensive response to the challenges and opportunities of migration in Albania’s context. It aims to provide a unifying framework of shared principles, commitments and understanding between state and non-state actors on all aspects of migration, including humanitarian, development and human rights dimensions as well as improve institutional co-operation and coordination on migration.
Albania is one of the countries that has set the Agenda 2030 as part of its national priorities and has welcomed the Global Compact on Migration and its objectives. This Strategy contributes to the successful achievement of nine Sustainable Development Goals.
This document comes after a long and intensive process, supported by the International Organization for Migration (IOM), during which it went through an extensive process of consultations.
The document is fully harmonized with a variety of strategic documents, which touch upon some aspects of migration governance, such as: Strategy on Integrated Border Management (2016 – 2020), National Strategy for Social Protection and Social Inclusion (2015 – 2020), National Strategy for Development and Integration (NSDI) 2016 – 2020 and National Strategy for Diaspora (2018 – 2024).
The National Strategy on Migration is the roadmap for the activity and context in the field of migration for the next four years, it presents the vision, specific goals and objectives, key products, financial resources and institutional coordination and monitoring mechanisms. Now we all have the obligation to implement the activities so that this document can be applied and implemented accurately.
In the capacity of the Chair of the Inter-Institutional Working Group set up by the Prime Minister’s order, I would like to thank the Minister of Interior, Mr. Sandër Lleshaj, for the support in drafting this document, and all our partners of state and non-state agencies, national and international organizations, civil society, academics, business representatives, for their valuable contribution to the drafting of the Strategy, but also for the joint work and efforts to raise the issue of migration governance to a higher level.
Sincerely,Rovena Voda
Deputy Minister of Interior
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This document presents the National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019-2022 of the Republic of Albania, approved by the Council of Ministers by Decision no. 400, dated 19.6.2019 “On the adoption of the National Strategy on Migration and the Action Plan 2019-2022”.*
The process for the development of the Strategy was led by the Ministry of Interior, with the support of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) within the framework of the project “Support for the Development of a Migration Policy in Albania” funded by the IOM Development Fund (IDF).
For the drafting of this strategy and action plan, an Inter-Institutional Working Group was set up, led by the Deputy Minister of the Interior, Rovena Voda, and composed of representatives of the Ministry of Finance and Economy, the Ministry of Health and Social Protection, the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth and the General Directorate of State Police. The group was later expanded to include representatives from all government entities dealing with migration related aspects.
To support the work of the Inter-Institutional working group for the development of the Strategy and Action Plan, IOM engaged a team of international and local experts as below:
• Piotr Kazmierkiewicz, International expert for the development of the Strategy; • Teuta Grazhdani, PhD, Local expert for the development of the Strategy;• Prof. Dr. Raimonda Duka, Local expert for the costing of the Action Plan;• Asc. Prof. Dr. Luljeta Ikonomi, Local Legal Expert.
Several consultative meetings were held during the Strategy development process with civil society, business representatives, academia and researchers as well as representatives of international institutions and embassies in Albania.
* Published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Albania year 2019 - No. 92.
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Introduction and purpose of the strategy1
Emigration from Albania
Albania remains predominantly a country of emigration. In 2017, Albania had about 1.5 million citizens outside its territory, or about half of the country’s population.2 The majority of migrant communities are present in neighbouring countries, like Italy (448,407) and Greece (356,848)3, although there is a growing trend of Albanians residing in other European Union Member States as well as in North America and Canada. On the other hand, population projections indicate a long-term trend toward achieving a neutral migration balance.4
Emigration from Albania is primarily driven by economic reasons (caused by unemployment and the search for a better life) although other considerations have been prominent, too.5 Two categories of persons – youth and women -- have found the situation on the local labour market particularly difficult. In 2017, young people aged 15-29 who were unemployed and were not attending school or vocational training made up 29.7% of total youth. Only 50.3% of women (compared to 64.3% men) were employed. 6
Emigration of Albanian citizens, in particular toward European Union (EU) countries continues despite the constant improvement of living conditions in the country, a net stable growth of the Albanian economy and constant improvement of public safety.7 According to INSTAT8, five factors are estimated to currently influence emigration toward the EU, including; the work opportunities abroad (84%), family reunification (4.6%), unemployment rates in Albania (4.2%), study opportunities abroad (3.5%) and other factors (3.6%). Additional pull factors are also higher quality of training and educational opportunities abroad. In turn, shortcomings of public services have served as push factors, adversely affecting migrants’ efforts and chances to return and settle in Albania.
Another category of Albanian citizens abroad includes persons whose asylum claims were rejected or who otherwise resided irregularly in EU countries. A recent trend was noticed with significant returns of migrants falling within these categories. While it is difficult to record unassisted voluntary returns to Albania due to their nature, statistics with respect to involuntary return demonstrate a decrease of returns from EU countries9. The majority of involuntary returns from EU countries and neighbouring countries have been made with repatriation operations (from land and air).10 In 2017, there is a significant
1 For further analysis of migration trends to, from and through Albania, please check the 2017 Albania Migration Profile published by the Ministry of Interior.
2 According to INSTAT, the average population in 2017 was 2,873,457 inhabitants. The difference between the data registered in the National Civil Status Register and the average population in 2017 can be estimated indirectly as an indicator of the number of Albanian citizens living abroad.
3 According to UN DESA, the number of Albanian citizens residing in Greece and Italy by 2017 was 429,428 and 455,468 respectively.
4 By 2021, the number of emigrants should exceed between 5,000 and 16,000 the number of immigrants. This should be followed by a faster decline in the number of emigrants, leading to an almost neutral migration balance by 2030. http://www.instat.gov.al/media/3075/projeksionet_e_popullsis__2011-2031.pdf
5 Apart from labour migrants, the main categories of emigrants from Albania include family members of migrants, people migrating for family reunification purposes, students, and asylum-seekers and refugees.
6 Data extracted from INSTAT’s 2017 Labour Force Survey, INSTAT – Labour market 2017, pg. 2. http://www.instat.gov.al/al/temat/tregu-i-pun%C3%ABs-dhe-arsimi/pun%C3%ABsimi-dhe-papun%C3%ABsia/publikimet/2018/njoftim-p%C3%ABr-media-tregu-i-
pun%C3%ABs-2017/
7 According to the 2017 Albania Migration Profile published by the Ministry of Interior, the official unemployment rate for the population aged 15 years and above was 13.7%, which marked a decrease of 1.5 percentage points when compared to 2016.
8 Data extracted from INSTAT’s 2017 Labour Force Survey.
9 2017 Albania Migration Profile, Ministry of Interior.
10 In 2017, a total of 2,243 operations were conducted, through which 13,497 Albanian citizens were returned, whereas in 2016, the numbers of Albanian citizens returned was 16,601 through 2,253 operations.
PART I: STRATEGIC CONTEXT
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increase in the return of unaccompanied minors. A total of 452 children have been readmitted by the border authorities in cooperation with the State Social Services (SSS).
Table 1 Albanian citizens returned by age group (2016-2017)
YEAR TOTALMale Female
above 18 yrs under 18 yrs above 18 yrs under 18 yrs
2016 21,681 18,443 978 2,259 222
2017 20,632 18,596 382 1,620 34
Source: 2017 Migration Profile, Ministry of Interior, Republic of Albania.
The impact of the migratory movements of the Albanian population on the country’s social and economic development have been significant. For many years, remittances helped overcome the poverty that ensued in the aftermath of the communist regime. As such, they continue to make an important contribution to the economy of the country. Although Albania continues to be heavily dependent on remittances, the inflows gradually declined during the economic crisis in Southern Europe from the peak of EUR 952 million in 2007 to EUR 547 million in 2013. Since then, they have recovered and reached EUR 637 million in 2017 and are expected to rise further with growth returning in host countries, therefore, providing migrant households and local economies with an extraordinary and irreplaceable source of finance.
Figure 1 Dynamics of remittances (2013-2017)
710.8
774.2 802.1
937.2 951.7
833.3782.3
696.5 669.6 680.2
546.8594.7 599.8 616.2 637.3
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Source: 2017 Migration Profile, Ministry of Interior, Republic of Albania.
Immigration and transit through Albania
Albania is also increasingly becoming a country of destination for a range of categories of foreigners (including migrants in search of employment, students, asylum seekers and refugees), although the numbers are relatively small.11 In 2017, the General Directorate of the National Employment Service issued a total of 1,705 work permits for foreigners. The largest number of work permits (651) was issued by the Tirana Regional Employment Directorate. The top countries of origin of work permit recipients in 2017 included Turkey (582 or 34% of the total work permits issued) followed by China (208 work permits or 12% of the total) and Colombia (85 work permits or 6% of the total).12 Out of 1,705 work permits issued in 2017, 245 or 14 percent were granted to women, and 1,142 were first-time applications.
Like other Western Balkan countries, Albania has also been affected by mixed population flows, the reasons for which are not only socioeconomic conditions but also various conflicts taking place around the world. The categories of foreigners arriving in the country include, inter alia, refugees and asylum seekers, migrants, victims of trafficking, unaccompanied and separated
11 National Strategy on Migration and its Action Plan (2019-2022) is primarily concerned with regular and irregular migrants. At the same time, it considers, where applicable, the position of asylum seekers and refugees.
12 Turkish citizens are mainly employed in the construction sector, the education and health sector, Chinese citizens in the extractive industry (mining and quarrying), while Colombian citizens in the construction sector in the professions (welder, mechanic, electrical and steering heavy machinery for the construction of gas pipelines.
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minors, and stateless persons. Some of them fall under more than one of the above-mentioned categories. They comprise diverse nationalities, the majority being Syrian and Afghan who often enter the country irregularly. In most cases, there is at least some degree of vulnerability involved, whether it is as a result of the situation in the countries from which they fled in the first place or due to the harsh conditions or exploitation and abuse suffered along the routes.13 These individuals primarily seek transit in Albania before moving on and entering EU countries.
Figure 2 Irregular migrants apprehended in Albania (2009–2017)
29
417 421
1126
1918
2622
2047
915 1049
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Source: 2017 Migration Profile, Ministry of Interior, Republic of Albania.
A quick assessment14 carried out by the UN Country Team (UNCT) in Albania in 2018 indicates a steep increase in the number of persons intercepted at the border areas. Therefore, 3,088 persons were intercepted in the first half of 2018, compared to 1,049 in all of 2017. This was matched by an increase in the number of asylum requests 1,901 in the first half of 2018, up considerably from 309 in 2017.15 These figures are actually higher than those recorded in 2015, during the peak of the Europe-wide migrant inflow. Based on data collected by IOM for the period of December 2015 – February 2018, 297 persons have tried to cross the Albanian border more than once (repeat offenders). The increase in asylum applications is likely to continue. The most optimistic scenario put together by the UNCT on the basis of an analysis of the increased number of entries and diversified roots indicate that the number of asylum applications will reach 3,000 in 2019 out of a total of 6,000 entries; while the pessimistic scenario estimates a total of 7,500 asylum applications in 2019 out of a total of 13,000 entries.
As to the countries of origin, in January – November 2018, 45.3% of those apprehended stated they were from the Syrian Arab Republic (2456; of which 2037 asylum applications) followed by other countries such as Pakistan (824, of which 623 were asylum applications), Iraq (533, of which 407 were asylum applications), Palestinian Territories (329, of which 275 were asylum applications), Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Afghanistan, Yemen and the Islamic Republic of Iran in fewer numbers. These figures indicate that the flow of persons irregularly arriving in Albania consists fundamentally of persons coming from countries that can be considered refugee- and asylum seeker producing countries.
Children are a particularly vulnerable group. 322 children were apprehended in the first half of 2018.16 While women and children account for the minority of cases, an increase in this category was observed particularly from March to May 2018 (Fig. 3). The majority of women and children were nationals of the Syrian Arab Republic who applied for asylum.
13 Programme of Cooperation for Sustainable Development 2017-2021.
14 Joint Assessment Asylum and Mixed Migration, Situation in Albania 2018; Initial Rapid Assessment, July 2018.
15 UNHCR data on asylum in mixed migration/Dashboard January –June 2018.
16 Of which 272 children were referred to asylum.
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Figure 3 Share of women and children among asylum applicants
6%11%
11%
28%30%
13%
15%21% 19%
35% 31%
12%
0%5%
10%15%20%25%30%35%40%
Axi
s Ti
tle
Percentage of women and children 2018
ARRIVALS ASYLUM
1 2 3 4 5 6
There is a geographical element about first-time interceptions. From January to April 2018, 74% of first-time interceptions17 (hereafter interceptions) were reported at the southern border of the country, and more specifically, at the Kakavija border crossing point. In addition, 305 persons were apprehended exiting the country (towards Montenegro, in the Shkoder area) between March and May 2018.18 This may be related to the new smuggling route that has been established from Greece via Albania, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina to Croatia and onto Western Europe.19 However, interceptions have increased inside the territory of the country, too, in 2018. Nonetheless, the stakeholders providing assistance, services and protection will have to re-evaluate the needs, priorities and existing procedures. Changes will have implications on the budgetary provisions of government institutions, UN agencies and NGOs involved in this work.
The need for a cross-cutting strategy on migration
Maximising the benefits of migration for migrants and societies requires a cross-cutting approach to migration governance so as to address challenges related to mixed movements (irregular migration, asylum seekers and refugees, UAM’s, etc.) while enhancing the development impact of migration (investment, human development, innovation, etc). The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognizes migration as an important global priority which, if governed appropriately, can bring positive benefits to migrants and their families, receiving and sending societies, and countries at large. Furthermore, the formulation of a Global Compact for Migration in July 2018 was a clear demonstration of the comprehensive approach and joint efforts at the global level to govern migration in a better manner.20 Global Compact for Migration is expected to provide a unifying framework of common principles, commitments and understandings amongst Member States on all aspects of international migration, including the humanitarian, development and human rights, while also improving international cooperation on migration. Albania is one of the countries that has set the 2030 Agenda as part of its own national priorities and has also welcomed Global Compact for Migration and its objectives. The decision of the Albanian Government to renew the cross-cutting strategy on migration represents a key step in realising Albania’s international commitments in the field of migration. The strategy contributes to the successful realisation of nine Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).21
Furthermore, another incentive toward adopting an integrated approach to managing migration is the process of integration into the European Union. To conclude successfully negotiations on Chapter 24 (Justice, Freedom and Security) of the EU acquis, which defines migration governance as a core issue, Albania needs to formulate a cross-cutting migration strategy, as was already highlighted by the European Commission Albania 2018 Country Report.22
17 Numbers relate to first-time interceptions. As such, persons who have been stopped in a particular location in Albania and have also been stopped elsewhere, for the purposes of this report are counted only once.
18 IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix, Compilation of Available Data and Information May 2018.
19 http://bih.iom.int/pbn/bosnian-police-prevent-hundreds-migrants-entering-croatia-reuters
20 Albania adopted the Global Compact on Migration during the Intergovernmental Conference held in Marrakech, Morocco, on 10 and 11 December 2018.
21 These goals include: Goal 1: No Poverty, considering that a number of measures will contribute to reducing poverty in the areas of origin for migrants; Goal 3: Good Health and Well Being, considering that the strategy addresses the health and wellbeing of migrants as a precondition for social and economic development; Goal 4: Quality Education, considering that the strategy encourages education for migrants’ children as a measure to foster their socioeconomic integration and improve their livelihoods as adults; Goal 5: Gender Equality, considering that the strategy considers migration as a source of migrants ‘empowerment, (including women and girls’ empowerment), but also looks at the issues of vulnerability to violence and exploitation; Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, considering that the strategy promotes decent job and secure work environment for migrants; Goal 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, considering that the strategy promotes the transfer of migrants knowledge and skills to support innovation and economic growth in the country; Goal 10: Reduced Inequalities, considering that the key objective of the strategy is to govern migration in order to ensure, safe and orderly migration; Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, considering that the strategy promotes migrants access to justice to promote and protect their rights; Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals, considering that the strategy places special importance on collection, analysis and sharing of reliable data on migration that help policymakers develop evidence policies and plans to address the migration aspects of the SDGs.
22 Legal and Illegal Migration Section, pg. 37.
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The Albanian Government already acknowledges the benefits of developing a coherent migration governance policy that would guide all programmatic actions in the area of migration. Several strategic policy documents on migration have been adopted since 2004. The first of these was the adoption of the first National Strategy on Migration and its Action Plan (2015-2010), followed by the Action Plans on Remittances (2007-2010)23, the Strategy on the Return and Reintegration of Albanian Citizens (2010-2015) and the National Strategy on the Fight against Trafficking in Human Beings and Children (2014-2017). The more recent strategic documents include the Strategy on Employment and Skills (2014-2020), the Strategy on Integrated Border Management (2016-2020), the National Strategy on Social Protection and Social Inclusion (2015-2020), the Strategy on Agriculture and Rural Development (2014-2020), the Strategy on Business and Investments (2014-2020) and the Strategy on the Fight Against Trafficking in Human Beings (2014-2017)and, more recently, the Diaspora Strategy (2018-2024). A major step toward achieving a comprehensive migration governance policy was the approval of the National Strategy for Development and Integration (NSDI) 2016-2020. In line with the strategic vision of the NSDI “to establish an effective migration governance system in Albania”, the Prime Minister’s Office established an Interagency Working Group.24 This body, in turn, formulated the new National Strategy on Migration for Albania, presented in this strategic document and its accompanying action plan.
The formulation of the strategy was supported by the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The strategy and action plan are guided by the Migration Governance Framework (MiGoF) which was introduced and welcomed by all IOM Member States, including Albania, in November 2015. The document sets out the essential elements to support planned and well-managed migration. As such, it is the first and only internationally agreed document outlining how migration is best governed in a coherent and comprehensive manner. More importantly, MiGOF acts as the reference point for governments in developing and assessing “well-managed migration policies” under the global Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator (10.7.2). To facilitate the process of formulating a new migration strategy in the country, the Government of Albania in early 2018 took part in the roll out of the Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) process, elaborated by IOM in conjunction with the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), which offered insights on policy levers that Albania can action to strengthen migration governance.25 The strategy does not cover comprehensively the issues of refugees, victims of trafficking, integrated border management, etc., given that those areas are covered by other policy documents, hence avoiding overlapping with these documents.
The Strategy and the Action Plan were shared with and extensively discussed by various actors dealing with migration issues in Albania, including representatives of the civil society organisations, the private sector, academia and international development partners.
Both documents rely on the legally binding definitions found in the Albanian legislation (such as in the Law on Aliens, Law on Emigration for Employment Purposes, Law on Asylum, Law on Protection of Children, etc.) and other existing policy documents.
The strategy document is organised in five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the context and purpose of the strategy, along with the policy, legal and institutional framework on migration and lessons learned. Chapter 2 introduces the vision, policy goals and specific strategic objectives of the strategy while Chapter 3 presents the major products for each specific strategic objective. Chapter 4 provides information on the financial sources made available for the implementation of the measures of the action plan as well as additional funding that is required. The document concludes with Chapter 5, which gives an overview of the institutional coordination and monitoring mechanisms for the implementation of both the Strategy and its Action Plan.
23 In 2017, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the National Bank of Albania and the State Minister of Diaspora allowing for institutional cooperation and coordination in the area of remittances and their productive use.
24 Order No. 54, dated 19.03.2018.
25 Since its launch, 29 countries have used the MGI to assess their migration governance structures and to inform the design and development of their migration policies. Furthermore, the aim of the MGI is to help advance the dialogue on migration governance at country, regional and global levels by outlining the features of “well governed migration” in the context of the implementation of SDG target 10.7. Albania positively responded to the request by becoming part of the MGI assessment process by taking up its commitments to achieve the migration-related targets of the 2030 Agenda.
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Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework, Achievements,
Challenges and Lessons Learned
Four domains have been identified by Albanian institutions as components of a comprehensive MiGoF-based migration governance policy:
• Strategic governance of migration by Albanian institutions• Safe and orderly migration from, through and to Albania• Effective labour migration policy and impact of migration on local development• Migrant’s integration and protection of migrants’ rights
DOMAIN 1. Strategic Governance of Migration by Albanian institutions
The following areas are key to ensuring the strategic governance of migration:
Comprehensive legal and institutional framework for
migration governance
E�ective migration data collection and
analysis
Strong partnerships on migration governance
A comprehensive legal and institutional framework on migration governance
Alignment of the national legal framework with EU and international standards
The process of EU integration and the parallel adoption of international norms gave an additional impetus to the continued improvement of the policy framework in the last decade. Legal approximation and implementation monitoring have acted as effective mechanisms in producing greater levels of cohesion to the national legal and institutional framework in the field of migration. Major legislative changes represent milestones in this regard: the adoption of Law No. 9668/2006 on the Emigration of Albanian Citizens for Employment Purposes including two Orders of the former Minister of Labour, Social Welfare and Equal Opportunities, Order No. 1772/2007 on the format, content and procedure of obtaining the Emigrant Status, and Order No. 2086/2007 on the format and content of the Registry of Emigrants and registration procedures, Instruction No. 44, date 21.08.2013 on determining the criteria and procedures for the recognition of pre-university certificates and diplomas of Albanian students returning to the country, changed by Instruction No. 14, dated 10.05.2017, Instruction 11/2010 of the Minister of Education on the criteria for the recognition of high schools and registration in the high school state examination in 2010, adoption of Law No. 108/2013 ‘on Aliens (amended), Law No. 121/2014 on Asylum in the Republic of Albania, Instruction No. 293/2015 of the Minister of Interior on the procedures for the treatment of foreigners with irregular stay in Albania, Order No. 1146/2014 of the Minister of Interior on some additions and amendments to Order No. 851/2009 on the Approval of Standard Operational Procedures for the Border and Migration,; adoption of Law No. 18/2017 on the rights of children and their protection the scope of which includes Albanian children, those of non-Albanian citizenship and stateless children who reside in the territory of Albania, Law No. 14/2016 on the identification and registration of addresses of Albanian citizens living outside the Republic of Albania, and Law No. 16/2018 on the Albanian Diaspora. These legal acts provide a solid legal framework that ensures the protection of Albanian citizens abroad as well immigrants in Albania. A lesson learned in the process of advancing the legal framework is that it is very important to carry out regular reviews of the impact of the main legal acts on migration governance. Often, they demonstrate the need to implement legal changes that would increase the effectiveness of legal measures. Furthermore, an analysis of interstate agreements needs to be carried out to ensure that no return of unaccompanied minors and victims or potential victims of trafficking takes place in the framework of these agreements.
Albania continues to align its migration legislation with the EU acquis and the international conventions it has adhered to While Albania has a very high level of ratification of international conventions26 in the field of migration, continued attention needs
26 This was one of the findings of the Migration Governance Indicators assessment that Albania undertook in spring 2018. Albania has ratified the following Conventions in the field of migration: International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW)- 2007; Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, 1992; Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), 1992; ILO Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97), 2005; ILO Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143), 2006; Conventions on Statelessness, 2003; European Convention on the Legal Status of Migrant Workers, 2007; European Convention on the Participation of Foreigners in Public Life at Local Level, 2005.
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to be paid to the level of their implementation and their impact on migrants’ access to rights. Furthermore, inconsistency of migration terminology has been noticed in the Albanian legislation and its policy documents.
Strong institutional capacities and institutional coordination for migration governance
The strategic documents on migration governance adopted so far have recognized strengthening institutional capacities as essential to effective migration management. Some of the most substantial achievements in this aspect include institutional reorganisation, including the complete reform of the border and migration police, and the establishment of Migration Counters at the regional and local employment offices that provide services to three categories of migrants (prospective migrants, returnees and immigrants). Another set of developments includes the elaboration of sets of agreements and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), such as Procedures for the treatment of irregular migrants (both at the border and inside territory of the country) and the Cooperation Agreement for the Functioning of the National Referral Mechanism for Victims of Trafficking and Potential Victims of Trafficking (2012), the Standard Operating Procedures for the Protection of Victims of Trafficking and Potential Victims of Trafficking (2018) and the formulation of a Council of Ministers decision on the Rules and Procedures for the Return and Repatriation of Unaccompanied Minors, implementing Law No. 18/2017 on the Rights of the Child and Protection, which is expected to be adopted in the near future.
The lessons learned from past efforts indicate the need for further strengthen institutional ownership on migration governance through continuous learning, sharing of best practices, active involvement in the design and implementation of migration policies and programmatic actions, the advancement of legislative framework in the field of migration, regular participation in international fora in the field of migration and constant monitoring and evaluation of the achieved progress.
A key factor conducive to ensuring institutional ownership is clarity in terms of roles and responsibilities of and in institutions under migration governance both at the central and the local level. Progress in this area has been achieved, in particular, at the national level, where there is a clear division of competencies among Ministries tasked with the managements various aspects of migration governance, such as the Ministry of Interior, State Minister for Diaspora, Ministry of Finance and Economy and subordinate institutions.27 Nevertheless, there is a need to clarify the way in which migration-related policies and measures are going to be implemented in the wake of the institutional changes that took place in September 2017, which resulted in the merger of some ministries and extension of the portfolio of the new ministries.28 For instance, it is necessary to clarify roles, responsibilities and expectations among central and local government institutions on the assistance that is to be given to UAM’s. Furthermore, there is a need to formalise the migration-related tasks of various government agencies under specific ministries, such as Migration Counters at the National Employment Service, as well as to strengthen institutional capacities to be able to complete these tasks (address staff turnover, lack of funding, need for knowledge and on-the-job training).
Another key factor for enhancing institutional ownership is the good institutional coordination at the central and local level for the implementation of migration-related policies. As part of the implementation of the first Migration Strategy, an Inter-ministerial Committee on Migration, chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister, was established as an advisory body to the Council of Ministers.29 However, this body convened only once. Another body, facilitating inter-ministerial coordination, the Technical Committee on Migration, was established in 2007.30 Chaired by the former Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, the Committee was in charge of coordinating and monitoring the implementation of the National Strategy on Migration and its corresponding Action Plan (2004-2008) composed of representatives from all ministries and institutions involved in the implementation of the National Action Plan on Migration. The Committee was assisted by the Migration Directorate within the former Ministry of Labour that acted as a secretariat. The records of the Committee show that the establishment of a coordination body expedited the implementation of the policy documents and reporting.
27 The Ministry of Interior is the main authority overseeing national border control, the management of immigration, integration of foreigners as well as for coordinating efforts against trafficking in human beings at the national and local level along with other stakeholders. It does so through the Ant trafficking and Migration Directorate, the State Police (Border and Migration Department), Directorate for Asylum, etc. The State Minister for Diaspora is responsible for designing and monitoring the implementation of the Diaspora policy in coordination with other line ministries. The Ministry of Finance and Economy is the responsible ministry for governing labour migration in the country in cooperation with other ministries (setting up and implementing labour migration schemes, along negotiating and implementing bilateral and multilateral labour agreements). It also monitors the functioning of recruitment agencies to ensure the ethical recruitment of migrant workers and oversees the work of the National Employment Service including Migration Counters. The Ministry of Health and Social Protection supervises the work of the State Social Service which provides crucial services to vulnerable categories, including migrants such as Victims of Trafficking and unaccompanied minors (UAM’s). The Institute of Statistics is responsible for the collection, the processing and sharing administrative data as well as providing statistics on migration.
28 European Commission 2018 Albania Country Report.
29 Prime Minister’s Order No. 115, dated 11 May 2006.
30 Decision of the Council of Ministers No. 425, dated 11.7.2007.
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The absence of a high-level coordination mechanism on migration governance has limited the Albanian Government’s capacity to address migration-related issues with a holistic approach and provide strategic guidance in all future challenges with respect to migration. However, work is currently ongoing on establishment of a thematic working group on migration that would coordinate the work of all ministries on both strategic and technical levels, facilitating reporting and monitoring of progress in fulfilling EU accession requirements. Furthermore, there is a need for a comprehensive review of the current role of local government structures in implementing migration policies and legislation and in delivering services to various categories of migrants. This would be crucial in establishing effective coordination mechanisms among the central and local government on migration management.
Another basic prerequisite for the implementation of the provisions of a strategic document is ensuring sufficient funding is available to match its priorities. This aspect proved to be a challenge with regard to the execution of the first Action Plan on Migration and the Reintegration Strategy. Nevertheless, the implementation of these strategic policy documents (as well as others) indicated the great potential of partnerships with the private sector and civil society organisations in supporting the implementation of policies and in securing donor funding.
Effective migration data collection, analysis and sharing
Adequate migration data collection, analysis and sharing has been at the core of designing and monitoring effective policies on migration although challenges have arisen in this regard. These include on the one hand the quality of data, stemming from lack of standardisation of administrative data collection coupled with only a few migration studies that would help decision-makers assess the impact of migrant flows and come up with reliable forecasts. Lessons learned from implementation of previous and current migration related strategies emphasise the need for the improvement of data collection and extending the scope of data collected. Furthermore, there is a need to carry out in-depth research and analysis on the impact of migration in particular in the labour market of Albania and demographic changes in the country (population growth/decline).
Data generation, analysis and sharing have been made difficult by insufficient funding as well as inadequate capacities of central and local institutions. These shortcomings were partly addressed when interinstitutional cooperation improved data collection and analysis with the establishment of an Inter-Agency Working Group that prepares the Annual Migration Profile for Albania, as provided for in the Law on Aliens. However, there is a need for continued efforts toward improving the capacity of Albanian state institutions to carry out regular data exchanges on migration with relevant authorities in destination countries including but not limited to Statistical Offices, Border Authorities, etc.
The civil society actors as well as academics can further contribute to the efforts to improve data collection, analysis and sharing and thus help improve public services provided to migrants by frequently informing all the stakeholders on the results of research that is carried out in the field of migration as well as the profile of various migrant categories assisted by them, when relevant.
Strong partnerships on migration governance
Sustainable and fair migration policies are developed in partnership with a wide variety of stakeholders, both national and international. On the national level, the close cooperation between government institutions and civil society actors has been crucial to designing comprehensive policies on various aspects of migration, such as the National Strategy against Trafficking of People and the Action Plan 2018-2020, through the National Coalition of Anti Trafficking Shelters (Non-for-Profit Organisation), and the National Diaspora Strategy 2018-2022. The role of non-state actors (NGOs and the private sector) in policy implementation, however, has been limited and of an ad hoc nature.31
Migrants themselves have been consulted throughout the process of preparing the Strategy on Migration 2005, the Action Plan on Remittances, the Diaspora Strategy, etc. A lesson learned from the past is that it is crucial that government institutions identify ways to strengthen and formalise collaboration with migrant communities, with the private sector and civil society in both countries of origin and destination when designing and, in particular, when implementing migration policies in order to maximise the impact of these policies on the population at large, including migrants. With this in mind, it is necessary to organise meetings between government institutions responsible for the implementation of migration policies with non-
31 For instance, the private sector acted as sponsors for services to migrants (particularly victims of trafficking), setting up businesses.
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governmental stakeholders in the field of migration, as well as the involvement of the latter in the continuous monitoring and review of migration policies in the country.
With respect to international partnerships, Albania actively participates in several regional and international migration consultative processes such as the Budapest Process and Prague Process. It is also part of various initiatives promoting labour mobility, the more effective management of migration flows in the region, border security, free trade, and development and security. These include regional initiatives such as the Migration, Asylum, Refugees Regional Initiative32, the Regional Cooperation Council,33 the South-East European Cooperation Process,34 the Southeast European Law Enforcement Centre, the Southeast European Cooperation Initiative, the Central European Free Trade Agreement,35 the Central European Initiative, and the Adriatic-Ionian Initiative36. Albania is also a party to various memoranda of understanding (MoUs) and agreements related to migration with other countries on, for example, irregular migration, counter-terrorism, the fight against organised crime, illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs, exchange of information on migration and control issues, as well as asylum issues.
In addition, Albania has engaged in bilateral cooperation with important countries of destination for its nationals. Negotiations are currently under way with Germany and France for the exchange of information on asylum and migration. Cooperation with countries such as the United Kingdom, Italy and Greece is also ongoing with respect to data and information exchange, return procedures, border control and assistance to victims of trafficking. The increased international cooperation in the field of migration dictates the need to undertake a thorough review of the existing agreements and commitments so as to assess their level of implementation and to draw up important recommendations that can guide implementation as much as cooperation with other countries in the future.
DOMAIN 2. Safe and orderly migration
The following five areas are key to ensuring safe and orderly migration:
E�ective control of irregular movement
across the border and witin the territory of
Albania
Management of mix migration
�ows
E�cient response to irregular migration of Albanian citizens
in EU
E�ective Return Mechanisms
E�ective Entry & Stay Policies
32 Albania held the presidency of this initiative from April 2010 to April 2011.
33 Albania is a member of the board.
34 Albania held the presidency from June 2014 to June 2015.
35 Albania chaired this organisation in 2012.
36 Albania held the chairmanship of this institution from June 2013 to May 2014.
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Control of irregular movements at the country’s borders and inside Albania
This represents an area in which major achievements have been reached over the last decade due to constant improvements in border infrastructure, enhancement of border guard capacities to detect, apprehend and screen migrants both at the border and inside the territory the country whilst referring them to adequate services. Albania’s border management information system, known as the Total Information Management System (TIMS) and the Foreign Electronic Registry (FER),37 make it possible for the authorities to monitor entry and exit movements to and from the country, as well as over stayers. The Law on Aliens, the Law on Asylum and related by-laws are the key legal acts that regulate the procedure for pre-screening of foreigners which aims at differentiating among various categories of persons on the move, such as asylum seekers, unaccompanied minors, victims or potential victims of trafficking and undocumented migrants, in order to provide the appropriate assistance to them. In addition to the legal basis focused on asylum and migration, two legal acts, namely Law on the Rights and Protection of Children No. 18/2017 and Law No. 121/2016 on Social Services provide for specific protective measures for children and persons in need of protection/vulnerable categories.
To ensure that Albania attains EU levels with regard to border control, prevention and control of irregular migration while safeguarding migrants’ rights the following areas need further improvement:
Border infrastructure
Albania needs to continue to modernise border management equipment and infrastructure to strengthen border surveillance, including the green and blue borders. An improved infrastructure and organisation of services at crossing points (dedicated lanes, access to information) will result in the reduction of waiting times and will address specific needs of migrants with special needs such as children, the elderly and persons with disabilities.
Furthermore, there is a need to ensure access to information on the phases of the pre-screening process, in addition to human rights of undocumented foreigners in general, and of vulnerable categories such as unaccompanied minors, victims of trafficking and asylum seekers, in particular. Information can be made available through printed materials and interpreting services at the border crossing points as well as inside the country. Provision of interpreting services in particular at the border needs further improvement as it may hinder the provision of necessary protection in particular to children (both unaccompanied and separated minors) and females, as the only way to understand whether there is a case of a victim-potential victim of trafficking. Adequate budget allocation for interpreting services along with enhanced cooperation with international partners in the field of migration and asylum (such as IOM, UNHCR, etc.) may address the shortcomings in the provision of these services, as has been the case to date38.
Enhancement of border guard organisation, training and deployment
Strengthening national and local capacities and dedicating adequate resources for the effective processing of persons on the move is crucial to ensure adequate treatment and respect of human rights, including non refoulement and the identification and referral of vulnerable cases to protection services available in Albania. While progress in this respect has been ongoing over the last years, there is still a need to increase the planned human resources at the Department for Border and Migration (DBM) within the Albanian State Police in line with the analysis of changing trends in irregular entry and transit, and to monitor further needs for reallocation, based on risk analysis. There is also a need to formally appoint substitute pre-screening specialists who will become involved in this line of work in case there is an increased flow of undocumented foreigners. As a result, it is necessary that the by-laws on pre-screening formally envisage that in case of such flows, other border and migration officers trained in pre-screening will have the mandate to be involved in pre-screening procedures. In addition, the efforts to mainstream gender in border police by encouraging women’s participation in border policing and ensuring relevant training for all personnel should continue.
The increase in mixed population flows has revealed the need for the continuing training of border guards and management personnel by the Training Department at the State Police39 and for ensuring that it is based on good practices and European
37 FER-TIMS is composed of some modules like “E-Permission of Stay”, “E-Visa”, “Irregular foreigners in the territory” and biometric data which contain information on foreign citizens that are granted a visa, permission of stay, or are irregularly in the country. The two systems replicate and exchange data among each other.
38 Needs assessment of the front-line officers involved in the pre-screening process, OSCE, 2018 (unpublished).
39 This is an administrative and management structure designed to guide all aspects of training, which started operating in July 2007. This Department is focused on the development of the skills of State Police employees, based on the standards and experience of developed countries. Training sessions take place in accordance with one’s role, rank, function and responsibilities, and include subjects such as ethics, knowledge of the law, language requirements, etc.
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standards, such as the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) Common Core Curriculum. A basic training on pre-screening procedures, on the rights and procedural guarantees for vulnerable categories such as children, victims of trafficking and potential victims of trafficking and asylum seekers should also be conducted for all Border and Migration officers acting as substitutes in the pre-screening process.
Effective entry and stay policies
Visa policy plays an important role in reducing the incidence of irregular migration to Albania. Albania has in place the E-Visa system, which is used to register all foreign nationals applying for a visa when entering the country. The system is operational within the TIMS system, and it allows for the whole application process to be completed online. The European Commission 2018 Annual Report recommends that Albania gradually aligns its visa policy with that of the EU, therefore requiring compliance with the EU lists of countries whose citizens require a visa and those who are exempted.40 To this aim, Albania could benefit from a mechanism that would directly access electronic records of past visa applications and the applicant’s migration history, as these could be used to screen past denials of visas, entry or violations of the terms of a visa through automatic alerts.
Another instrument that helps keep irregular stay and transit to a minimum is the application of targeted checks and the effective use of measures for irregular stay. Albania needs to bring its migration controls in full alignment with EU practice through close observation of the criteria and procedures for the application of a standard set of measures when there is a proven violation of legality of stay of non-nationals: termination of a visa/residence permit, voluntary return with temporary re-entry ban, removal order, and expulsion. In particular, it needs to standardise the rules of evidence, duration of the procedure and mechanisms for inter-institutional cooperation. The NSDI has set up some key targets with respect to preventing and reducing cases of irregular migration and foreign citizens stopped in the country with irregular documents by carrying out of accurate risk analysis, deployment of forces to the most affected areas and the provision of modern equipment to prevent irregular migration. These measures aim to reduce levels of irregular migration so as to achieve:
• an increase in the detection rate and elimination of irregular migration to 87% by 2020 (from 70% in 2014); • the reduction of cases of irregular migration and foreign citizens apprehended in the territory of Albania with
irregular documents by 27% more in 2020, as compared to 2014; and• the monitoring of migration flows through monthly and annual risk analysis in line with FRONTEX41 standards.
To reach these targets, border and migration authorities will need to apply periodic risk analysis, taking into account the changing locations of where irregular migrants tend to concentrate and evolving modus operandi of facilitators. These measures are essential for effective planning purposes and so as to monitor the effectiveness of inspections on the legality of residence. Furthermore, it is important to provide all police officers with real-time data access on current residence status of foreigners in order to detect overstay or violation of terms of stay.
Effective return mechanisms for irregular immigrants
Readmission is one of the mechanisms utilised by competent authorities to return to the country of origin Albanian citizens with an irregular stay in destination countries, as well as immigrants with an irregular stay in Albania. The Republic of Albania has signed bilateral readmission agreements with several countries and the European Union which include a provision on third-country nationals (TCNs). The readmission agreement with the EU is being implemented in a satisfactory manner, with Albania swiftly processing readmission requests from Member States. With respect to return and readmission of third-country nationals, the key issue is swift and effective identification. The procedure involves initially the pre-screening of bio-data, collection of fingerprints and photo42, followed by interviewing the TCN on the reasons of their arrival to Albania and circumstances under which they left their country of origin. They are then referred to the asylum system, returned to the country of transit or referred to the closed reception centre for irregular migrants. Quick and efficient cooperation with embassies and border and migration services in the countries of origin on the swift identification of foreign citizens and return procedures will also be needed in the future.
40 It is, for instance, expected that temporary visa exemptions, as those applied in the summer months toward several non-EU countries, are terminated.
41 Frontex promotes, coordinates and develops European border management in line with the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights applying the concept of Integrated Border Management.
42 Fingerprints and photos of adult migrants only (above 18 years old).
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An area of concern is arranging the return of third-country nationals to Greece. The absence of a Protocol for the implementation of the EU-Albania Readmission Agreement with Greece has been identified as very much needed in several policy and institutional assessments and reports.43 Negotiations on readmission agreements are being conducted with a number of countries of origin including Russian Federation, Morocco, Afghanistan, Iraq and the Islamic Republic of Iran. Other challenges identified by the authorities with respect to remission of third-country nationals include limited reception capacities at border points, limited reception facilities for unaccompanied minors, insufficient staff training, limited funding for return to country of origin and language and interpretation challenges.
Voluntary return is another return mechanism utilised by Albanian authorities which ensures a dignified and assisted return for the migrant to the country of origin. Nevertheless, the number of assisted voluntary returns from Albania during the last 5 years has been insignificant.44 The majority of those who were apprehended during the past 5 years entered irregularly through Greece as the transit country. According to DBM, foreigners expressed their interest to return to Greece voluntarily, as the country where they sought asylum, and not to their country of origin. The number of those who asked the authorities for assistance to return to their country of origin has been limited. This may have also been due to lack of information about the assisted voluntary return scheme among undocumented migrants.
There are no standard procedures in place regarding the process of assisted voluntary return (AVR) from Albania, whereby irregular migrants and other categories of persons, such as rejected asylum-seekers, asylum seekers and refugees willing to return to their country of origin, are given advice about AVR. There is a lack of standard procedures and of a protocol on assisted voluntary returns. Therefore, the process commences only when there is a statement to this effect by the individual themselves. In addition, when a foreigner is served a forced removal order, operational difficulties45 are encountered in changing the order to assisted voluntary return and involve other partners, such as the IOM.46
The Assisted Voluntary Return of unaccompanied minors proves to be particularly challenging. This is due to lack of adequate accommodation, difficulties to determine the best interest of the child since there are difficulties in reaching authorities/families/custodians in the countries of origin, in particular if these are located in war zones. At the time of writing, a Council of Ministers’ Decision on the Return and Readmission of children was under way. The decision, which is expected to be approved by the end of 2018, regulates the procedures for the treatment of unaccompanied minors, their accommodation and return to the country of origin, if and only when return is in the best interest of the child, and with the assistance of relevant Albanian authorities.
There is a need to increase human resources on voluntary return and deal with the demands of the AVR process, which involves both operational and procurement procedures, currently handled by officials already tasked with readmission. An increase in staffing might be necessary if the number of AVR rises. In particular, a designated officer on voluntary and assisted voluntary returns might be considered necessary, as it will ensure due emphasis is placed on the AVR process.
Efficient response to irregular migration of Albanian citizens in EU
The government of Albania continues to meet the visa liberalisation benchmarks since 2010 when the country was granted a visa-regime with the EU’s Schengen Area. These efforts have helped lower the number of unfounded asylum applications lodged by Albanian citizens in EU Member States and Schengen-associated countries. The number dropped by 20% from 31,737 applications in 2016 to 25,528 applications in 2017. In January 2018, France registered 720 asylum applications and Germany 300, respectively 30 % and 52.7 % less compared to January 2017. In line with its commitments, further improvement of the implementation is expected in addressing the root causes of irregular migration. Albania intensified its dialogue with the most affected Member States, and in June 2017 the government adopted an action plan to prevent the abuse of the asylum system in EU and Schengen countries. In parallel, bilateral agreements were reached with destination countries. In December 2017, Albania signed an agreement with France on strengthening operational police cooperation, thereby regulating the deployment in France of four French-speaking Albanian police officers who are currently supporting the dismantling of criminal organisations of Albanian origin, including those behind the asylum seekers’ travel to France.
43 Migration Governance Assessment Report, 2016, IOM; UNCT Rapid Joint Assessment on Migration and Asylum, 2018; European Commission 2018 Country Report.
44 Albanian Legislation and Practice on Assisted Voluntary Return, IOM, 2018.
45 The order can be changed only in the presence of the pre-screening specialist who might be located quite a distance away from the regional border and migration departments. Their presence in due time is not always feasible because there is only one pre-screening specialist in the regional departments, who must be physically present to do this. S/he might be unable to travel to the detention center the foreigner is being kept in. Given this difficulty, the border and migration authorities do not amend the expulsion order and neither do they delete the entry ban that accompanies it.
46 IOM cannot be involved in assisted voluntary return when a foreign national is subject to a removal order.
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To reduce the risk of unfounded asylum applications, the country has also put in place additional temporary operational measures. These include tighter checks at border crossing points, more thorough exit interviews and information campaigns targeting prospective travellers. Stricter controls upon departure by Albanian authorities resulted in an increase in the number of Albanian citizens who were denied travel to the Schengen area. Throughout 2017, 12,403 Albanian citizens were denied permission to leave Albanian territory at border crossings (10,796 adults and 1,607 children). Yet, in the first two months of 2018, as many as 3,307 (3,061 adults and 246 children) persons were prevented from leaving the country altogether.
Lessons learned so far from the application of the visa liberalisation regime indicate the need for further strengthening institutional efforts to tackle unfounded asylum applications and address the ‘push factors’ behind it. It is necessary to intensify cooperation with countries of destination, including provision of awareness-raising whilst providing socioeconomic support for prospective migrants and returnees based on an accurate analysis of their needs and the geographical areas affected. The awareness-raising campaigns should be better targeted to potential asylum seekers. The Migration Counters established across the country continue to provide support to those returning to Albania as well as to prospective migrants, yet their capacities for information provision need to be strengthened. In addition, it is recommended that the cooperation between DBM and municipalities on provision of assistance for readmitted Albanian UAM’s is formalised in particular in border areas. Given that lack of opportunities and poor education are among the key reasons for the emigration of UAM’s from Albania, designing livelihood programmes for youth can address the specific push factors to emigration and contribute to the development of the local community in the regions the UAM’s come from.
Management of mixed flows47
Analysis of the changing trends in population movements in Albania’s neighbouring countries strongly implies the need to strengthen the country’s capacity for reception of a larger number of arrivals. In this context, close follow-up of the dynamics of migratory movements remains crucial, including early warning signs of potential increases. When interviewed by Albanian authorities, asylum seekers arriving from Greece blame lengthy asylum procedures in Greece, inadequate reception conditions on the mainland and the islands, and their willingness to join family members in EU Members States, hence their desire to continue moving onwards. Therefore, should these factors fail to improve, refugees and migrants will increasingly look for alternatives. The options are either irregularly crossing land borders in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Albania, as has been the case since 2015, or trying alternative sea routes, which has not been an option until now. It is, therefore, necessary to continue ensuring the effectiveness of border checks at border crossing points and border surveillance along the green border, and to periodically update the profile of the refugees and migrants arriving in Albania, including the reasons why they intend to transit through Albania and what their future intentions are. Moreover, it is recommended that the availability and flexibility of pathways for regular migration is enhanced, and international cooperation and global partnerships for safe, orderly and regular migration strengthened so as to address the root causes of irregular migration.
In 2015, Albania developed the first Contingency Plan to respond to Mixed Migration Flows, which needs to be replaced by an updated version that should take into account the increase in the number of arrivals/interceptions of migrants and particularly asylum requests in Albania.48 All actors involved in the provision of assistance, services and protection will need to re-evaluate needs, priorities and existing procedures. These changes will have implications on the budgetary provisions of government institutions, UN agencies and NGOs involved.
The following challenges49 need to be addressed by the new Contingency Plan:
o Access to safe and dignifying accommodation
The rise in the number refugees and migrants has triggered the need to increase reception capacities for asylum seekers and migrants in Tirana and the border areas. The total reception capacity available in the country is for 400 people, which has been sufficient given the temporary nature of the movement but would be overstretched if the number of persons staying rises.50 There are no specialised shelters for women and children at risk, and referrals to the residential care centres
47 This term reflects a migration governance perspective which is also the focus of the strategy, however asylum seekers and refugees are distinct categories of persons entitled to specific protection.
48 The share of foreign nationals who lodged asylum applications upon arrival doubled from 33% in or before 2017 to 66% in the first half of 2018.
49 As identified by The Rapid Joint Assessment on asylum and mixed migration; Satiation in Albania, 2018 undertaken by the UN Country Team in Albania.
50 The National Reception Centre for Asylum Seekers in Tirana can accommodate up to a maximum of 180 persons. In addition, at the southern border, a total of 75 persons can be accommodated temporarily at the Municipality centre (15 persons) and the Centre for Registration and Temporary Accommodation for irregular migrants managed from the BMP (60 persons). Furthermore, a facility at the border with Montenegro was put at the disposal of the MoI by Caritas Albania, and it can accommodate up to 120 persons.
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managed by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare have proven challenging for foreign citizens. In this regard, a network of temporary/emergency reception centres could be established at the border in coordination with key Municipalities, UN agencies and NGOs to ensure provision of specialised services to those most in need. In addition, it is recommended that the coordination between the NRCA, CRCIM, the emergency shelters for survivors of domestic violence, children at risk and VoTs is strengthened.
o Child Protection
Unaccompanied and separated minors are generally referred to and accommodated in the National Reception Centre in Tirana along with the adults that they travel with. The UNCT report indicates that individual interviews of children at the border are not carried out, unless children are immediately identified as unaccompanied minors. Instead, interviews with accompanied children have been carried out in the presence and as part of the whole family or group of adults even when their relationship is not confirmed, which in effect limits the capacity of the pre-screening interview to properly identify UAM’s who do not declare themselves as such. Lack of comprehensive assessments, case management and referral mechanisms could have led to children failing to have access to services they may need, such as psycho-social support. Adoption of the Council of Ministers Decision on rules and procedures for the return and repatriation of the unaccompanied minors pursuant to implementation of Law No. 18/2017 “On the Rights and Protection of the Child “, is expected to establish clear mechanisms and procedures for case management procedures of unaccompanied minors, both foreign and Albanian. The Decision shall provide and leave the rest. ut h this expressioneven said that it is fine, and there are no problems with prescreening, so I am afraid that border and migration police forward unaccompanied minors to the regional Child Protection Unit that is responsible for providing shelter and any other basic needs to children, appointing a legal custodian and a psychologist. Overall, the new Contingency Plan should carefully address additional aspects of children’s position that cannot be covered by this strategy as it focuses on specific migration-related actions.
o Women at risk
The procedure for the identification, referral and case management of victims of trafficking is solid and well established in the country. However, it has only been tested on foreign citizens once in the past two years. Among persons on the move, victims of trafficking alone are legally entitled to residential care services provided by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection. In turn, to properly address the issue of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), dedicated services need to be allowed for to cater to migrant women, female asylum seekers or women refugees. The urgent issue is the ability to identify SGBV victims, which at present is hampered as pre-screening interviews fail to provide sufficient information for identification of cases. Another challenge is the limited technical capacities to identify survivors of gender violence or victims of trafficking by the NRCA, the authority that hosts women and girls who have applied for asylum at the border. Identification is further complicated by the insufficient period of stay of women and girls at the centre (7-10 days) during transit.
o Other vulnerable groups
In addition, the Contingency Plan should also attempt to address the protection of persons with disabilities and the elderly.
o Health
Regional BMP, Social Services and NGOs dealing with non-nationals coordinate actions on a case-by-case basis, but their collaboration is not formalised. In addition, contingency plans to manage emergency situations involving refugees and migrants are missing.
o Data management
The IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM)51 has been widely utilised by government authorities in many countries including Albania to track and monitor displacement and population mobility. It is designed to regularly and systematically capture, process and disseminate information to provide a better understanding of the movements and evolving needs of displaced populations, whether on site or en route. In addition to being systematically deployed in medium- to large-scale humanitarian response operations, DTM has also proven to be highly effective as a preparedness tool, as well as in support of the recovery and transition phase of the response. Integrating DTM into capacity – building activities, mapping of potential
51 DTM is comprised of four distinct components:• Mobility Tracking: regularly tracks cross-sectorial needs and population movements to target assistance in locations of displacement or in locations of origin or possible
relocation sites to support sustainable solutions to displacement;• Flow Monitoring: tracks movements of displaced populations at key transit points when locations of origin are not accessible and displacement is gradual;• Registration: individual and household level information used by site managers for beneficiary selection, vulnerability targeting and programming;• Surveys: gathers specific information through population sampling, in regard to return intention, displacement solutions, community perception, and other thematic
information in relation to displacement.
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evacuation and displacement sites, and setting up the DTM to be ready before a disaster occurs are some examples of how the DTM can be employed as an effective preparedness measure. Proper tracking of mixed flows (migrants, asylum seekers, refugees, etc.) requires that all relevant institutions (Directorate for Asylum, Border and Migration Police, NRCA and CRCIM) have access to a common information management system. This is currently limited as the Directorate cannot modify records in the Foreign Electronic Register (FER), as is the sole competence of the Border and Migration Police. In turn, border Officials in charge of pre-screening can access FER and register new cases, but cannot modify existing records even if fingerprints of the individual are found to match with a prior record. This leads to lengthy processes of data cleaning, inconsistencies between different directorates within the MoI and double counting.
DOMAIN 3. Effective labour migration policy and enhanced positive impact of migration on national and local development
The following elements are key to ensure an effective labour migration policy for Albania and to enhance the positive impact of migration in the national/local development:
E�ective labour migration policy
framework
E�ective mechanisms for seasonal and circular migration
Migration and development policies
& practices
Effective labour migration policy framework
In the existing policy framework, labour migration is considered to be part of labour resources management. The National Employment Strategy has mainstreamed migration throughout its strategic objectives which are geared toward promoting quality jobs and skills opportunities for all Albanian women and men. One of its strategic objectives is fostering decent job opportunities, and to achieve this, specific needs of Albanian returnees and migrants will need to be taken into account during the development, implementation and monitoring stages of national employment policies. Three years from the starting day of the implementation of this strategy, there is a need to undertake a comprehensive assessment of the extent to which this objective has been already achieved.
While planning, designing and monitoring future employment policies, it is necessary to examine the impact of migration of Albanian citizens (including emigration and return migration) and foreigners on the national labour market (be these migrant workers or asylum seekers/refugees). A forecast of the upcoming labour market needs is essential to tackling the challenges related to the fast decline of population due to low fertility rates, accompanied by steady emigration flows from Albania. This is vital to ensure that the national labour market will not face any major challenges and that a good social security system is in place.
Another strategic objective is strengthening the governance of the labour market and the qualification systems. The labour migration responsibilities are distributed among various ministries and subordinate agencies, some of which have been affected by the government reshuffle in 2017 as well as changes within internal structures of ministries (such as the changes in the Ministry of Finance and Economy). It is, therefore, a necessity to carry out an assessment of available human, financial and information resources in institutions charged with the implementation of labour migration tasks, so as to identify gaps and needs for investment. Furthermore, there is a need to determine the role and operating capacities of Migration Counters within the overall scope and responsibilities of the National Employment Service to enhance the implementation of migration policies.
Over the past four years the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MoFE) has successfully carried out annual analysis of skills needs in the Albanian market so as to plan vocational education and training delivery and to prepare specialists who are in demand not only in Albania but also abroad.52 Another key policy measure has been the capacity development for policymakers to recognise skill gaps and gender inequalities in the national labour market and to come up with respective measures promoting skills transfer from other labour markets.
52 These are specific measures of the Action Plan on Employment.
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Moreover, the Strategy envisions designing and implementing Skills Transfer Programmes on the basis of sectoral skills forecasting and cooperation agreements established with other SEE countries. The latest skills needs assessment report53 for Albania indicates that more than one third (39.9%) of enterprises stated that their existing staff lacked skills, a figure more than double the one reported in 2014. Water supply, sewerage and waste, and mining and quarrying are the sectors suffering the most from a lack of relevant skills. The predominant reason reported for businesses facing these skills shortages is that the labour market seems to be unable to provide candidates with sufficient knowledge and skills.
In order to achieve national objectives, the potential of Albanian migrant communities abroad (including those granted permanent stay in destination countries) and Albanian returnees with skills and qualifications in short supply need to be further explored. This could be done through surveys on skills and qualifications, and it requires the identification of some of the barriers and opportunities for the integration of prospective migrants and returnees in the Albanian labour. It also calls for a more active role of the Albanian consulates and representative offices abroad in disseminating the list of professions and qualifications in short supply as well as the conditions on taking up employment in Albania. Facilitated conditions (such as temporary tax waivers, etc.) for diaspora members with skills in short supply would encourage them to take up employment in Albania in particular in pilot initiatives in sectors experiencing highest outflow of professionals.
Analysing the potential of Albanian migrant communities abroad is also extensively discussed in the National Strategy for Diaspora, highlighting the needs for exploring and putting this potential into use, combined with encouraging the return of qualified migrants. The Action Plan of the National Strategy on Migration, in support of the provisions of the National Strategy for Diaspora, highlights the necessity of building the infrastructure for the successful implementation of the Registry of the Addresses of the Albanian nationals residing abroad and the development of a methodology for collecting data on exits and returns of Albanian citizens as well as on the entry of migrants, migration for employment purposes and the integration of returned migrants into the labour market.
Like in other countries, setting up a scholarship fund for further study abroad and participation in exchange programmes with the mandatory proviso to return could be explored and introduced, if necessary, as foreseen in the National Strategy for Diaspora. Albania has had a good record of highly qualified nationals returning to the country through the implementation of the Brain Gain Programme, which supported the creation of the necessary incentives and national policy mechanisms for the effective engagement of the Albanian Diasporas in the scientific, administrative and economic development of the country. The project sought to reverse Albania’s “brain drain” and supported the Government in the preparation of a policy framework to address the issue. An online database was established to match the demand of Albania’s academic institutions, public administration, and private sector with the expertise offered by the Albanian Diaspora members. Changes were made to laws and by-laws regulating employment in the Public Administration favour returnees both financially with rewards for the graduate degrees obtained abroad and in terms of the DPA entrance exams.54 Similar initiatives of temporary, virtual or permanent return of highly qualified nationals can have positive effects on addressing skills shortages in both the public administration and labour market in Albania in general.
Albania has a quota system55 for managing labour immigration determining the sectors and professions in which there are shortages, along with the number of work permits, in line with. The process of setting annual quotas for the employment of immigrants is highly dependent on migration policy priorities and the changing situation in the labour market, in particular with regard to seasonal employment). The current way quotas are established is such that it has had a limited effect and, therefore, it ought to be re-designed to better react to labour market needs, including areas of skills deficits in each sector. In addition, like many EUMSs, Albania will probably have to consider offering dedicated schemes to attract foreign professionals and skilled workers in selected sectors, including a combined long-term work and residence permit and facilitated conditions for family reunification.
A good future labour migration policy would require that labour migration needs are periodically monitored and forecast. Regular assessments of the current and future impact of migration flows on the volume and structure of the national labour force, along with assessments of the impact of migration on the national and regional labour markets will be needed to determine labour migration policy and the need for foreign workforce. Similar to EU countries, this process will require good capacities from relevant Government of Albania institutions to collect and analyse comprehensive and consistent datasets on labour migration, whilst making use of migration forecasts to develop long-term labour migration policies.
53 Skill Needs in Albania, 2017, Swiss Development Cooperation (pg. 115).
54 The Programme was implemented by the Council of Ministers. Its main Government partners were the Cabinet of the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Interior’s Department of Public Administration, the Diaspora Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education through UNDP funding.
55 As per Article 82 of Law No. 108/2013 on Aliens, the deadline for the establishment of the annual quota for the number of immigrants employed in the succeeding year in Albania is 1 October.
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A good policy needs to be grounded on a good legislative and institutional framework ensuring its implementation. The current system of labour migration management for Albanian citizens has relied mainly on the role of the government in signing and implementing bilateral labour migration agreements. The progress so far has shown limitations as the effectiveness of bilateral agreements has depended on changes in the immigration rules of the destination countries (Greece and Italy, in particular). The new policy needs to take into account the growing role of the private sector (including recruiters and recruitment agencies) as a direct service provider on labour migration.
The National Employment Strategy has also envisaged developing national standards on ethical and fair recruitment that are aligned to internationally recognized standards.56 Following a 2017 assessment on the state of recruitment of migrant workers by recruitment agencies, the Minister of Finance and Economy issued Instruction No. 286 dated 21.05.2018 on some specific rules for temporary employees who are employed by employment agencies regulating the recruitment procedures followed by private recruitment agencies, and their obligations to periodically report to the responsible government authority for employment. However, national standards on the ethical recruitment of migrant workers have yet to be established. Once in place, they will need to be enforced by private operators, and their activity monitored periodically.
Effective mechanisms for seasonal and circular migration
Albanian migration for seasonal work purposes has mostly been towards Greece and Italy. The May 1996 agreement between Albania and Greece on hiring seasonal workers involved all seasonal professions although in reality it was implemented solely for agricultural workers.57 An assessment of the implementation of the bilateral agreement in 201358 revealed that circular migration takes place mainly through informal channels and outside the scope of this agreement. After the EU visa-free regime entered in force in December 2010, the metaklisi (invitation) procedure for Albanian circular migrants has in effect become inactive. In reality, a new form of irregularity has emerged, notably that irregular seasonal circular employment takes place upon legal entry into Greece.
The February 1998 agreement between Albania and Italy on hiring seasonal workers was renewed in December 2008 along with its implementing protocol.59 A pilot scheme was set up and implemented by respective government authorities in 201360 albeit without much success, and it was, therefore, not replicated further. The Italian quota system has continued to grant Albanian citizens preferential quota for seasonal work and has helped regularise the status of stay for irregular ones.
Over the past few years, there has been an increased demand to extend the geographical scope of bilateral labour mobility agreements with other countries such as the United Kingdom, France and Germany. Future success of new seasonal/circular migration agreements will rely on the institutional ability to carefully examine characteristics and determinants of seasonal labour migration from Albania toward intended countries, to identify key problems associated with irregular movement in these destination countries and use this knowledge to guide the negotiation process of new labour migration agreements. However, it is important to review the scope and provisions of bilateral agreements already in force so as to check that they contain sufficient incentives for circular movement.
Pre-departure services for prospective migrants are essential to an effective seasonal and circular migration policy. The network of Migration Counters established throughout the country provides pre-departure information and orientation to Albanian citizens who seek regular employment opportunities abroad. However, the capacities of MCs for frequently updating the information on opportunities, rules and regulations for regular migration abroad are limited. Their capacities to address the need for information and orientation of potential vulnerable categories need to be strengthened, too. Given the increasing role of private recruitment agencies in facilitating labour migration for employment purposes for Albanian citizens, stronger cooperation needs to be established with them to identify methods of effective cooperation on disseminating information on opportunities for safe and orderly seasonal migration.
56 The Ministry of Finance and Economy supervises the role of the recruitment agencies, and it makes efforts to advance legislation and enforce the ethical recruitment of migrant workers, be these Albanian or foreign citizens. In cooperation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and more recently the Diaspora Ministry, MoFE negotiates new bilateral labour migration agreements as well as the portability of social benefits.
57 Seasonal migration to Greece has been primarily regulated by the so-called metaklisi (invitation) for seasonal labour that was officially introduced by the Greek government in 2001 (L.2910/2001) under a system of annual quotas and in 2005 (L.3386/05). In practice, however, it did not work as many Greek employers who tried to make use of this procedure were disappointed and gave up using it altogether. See: European University Institute (MEITKOS project): 2011, Circular Migration between Albania and Greece: A case Study-draft report, May 2011.
58 Albanian Irregular Migration to Greece: A new typology of crisis, Eda Gemi, ELIAMEP, 2013.
59 The agreement was approved by DCM No. 866 dated 12.08.2009 on the Approval of the Labour Agreement between the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Italy.
60 On the basis of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that was signed on 19 July 2011 by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Republic of Italy and the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities of the Republic of Albania.
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An examination of the effectiveness of current legal provisions for the protection of the rights of seasonal workers is needed, addressing the specific challenges faced in main destination countries. The Law on Emigration of Albanian Citizens for Employment Purposes 9668/2006 (amended61) which regulates key aspects of the emigration of Albanian citizens and their protection while abroad has remained largely unimplemented and needs to be completely revised along with its secondary legislation. While efforts have been made to substantially improve the current consular and legal services provided to Albanian migrant workers abroad through online platforms of communication, the online application of services, the reduction of the time needed to be able to obtain required documents, etc., there is a need to carry out a survey of migrants and migrant community leaders in main destination countries so as to identify additional needs to ensure their maximum protection while abroad. As part of the National Mechanisms for the Identification and Referral of Victims of Trafficking, the Albanian authorities in and outside the country use standard templates when interviewing potential victims. A similar approach could be considered in interviewing migrant workers to identify cases of exploitation or discrimination when identified by Albanian consular services abroad.
Return and socioeconomic reintegration forms an important part of the circular migration cycle. The first reintegration strategy failed to distinguish between voluntary and forced returns and focused on the necessity to improve the provision of information to prospective and actual returnees and their referral to available services (public, e.g. Migration Counters, and private, if possible). The MCs can partially fulfil these tasks. While serving as an important information hub for public and private services available to returnees, they have merely played a facilitating role in reintegration. Based on the field evidence of returnees’ opinions, orientation assistance needs to be complemented with dedicated support to access the labour market in Albania, public education, vocational training, and health and housing services, along with entrepreneurship support services. These issues suggest a need for an in-depth analysis of the current reintegration support mechanism in the country. In particular, a redefinition of the scope of reintegration support as well as of the eligibility criteria is required, as it would determine the shape of government national programmes for the return and reintegration of labour migrants. The state programs could also build on the experience of reintegration assistance for returnees provided by international organisations and civil society actors mainly in the form of resettlement support, and in the framework of return programmes implemented by EU countries.
To address these shortcomings, it is imperative to assess the scale, categories and specific needs of Albanian citizens willing to return through surveys, consultations with diaspora and events with migrant workers. Its findings will lead to specific measures and incentives for reintegration, and the areas where MC capacities need to be further strengthened. The specific measures may facilitate the creation of small enterprises by returnees (investment funds, legal aid, preferential loans). European practice shows that in general countries of origin try to gear the potential of returnees toward the wider needs of the national economy.62 Similar Greece or the experiences of other European countries, Albania can encourage the development aspect of return migration, by going beyond reintegration support by targeting merely basic needs of the returnee and his/her family.
The reintegration programmes should also monitor the indicators of the labour market participation and economic welfare of the returnees and their family members to identify the barriers to re-integration of the categories of those most in need as well as to undertake actions to remove barriers. Every single intervention in the area of return migration should take into consideration the development impact of migration and its utilisation for the development of local communities where returning migrants settle. Full use of return migration provides opportunities for greater development of local communities, accompanied by better public and private services, which should provide sufficient disincentives to continued emigration of returnees and their families. Local development may also be an important reason to continue maintaining links with destination country and trying to explore further avenues for business opportunities between the two countries. The preparation of local development plans will be essential to all efforts to link migration with development.
Removing barriers to the recognition of degrees and qualifications as much as skills gained/earned abroad is a crucial factor for the success of return and reintegration to Albania as much as for addressing skills shortages in the national labour market. Albania implements the European Qualifications Framework and accounts for labour migrants’ skills and capabilities when deciding whether to admit them. Law No. 10247/2010 on the Albanian Qualification Framework (AQF) was adopted in 2010 whereas the National List of Occupations based on International Standard of Classification of Occupation (ISCO 2008) was approved in 2009 by a Council of Ministers’ Decision. So far, 640 occupational descriptions have been developed with business representatives and a list of vocational qualifications has been proposed by the National VET Agency, consisting of 20 fields
61 Amended by Law no. 10389 dated 03.03.2011.
62 In Greece, the Government decided to send returnees to less developed areas. Koser K. (2000) noted that in the case of Greece a lump sum was paid to those returnees that settled in rural areas. Another method applied in Germany was to concentrate returnees in particular sectors of the economy, for example incentives to encourage self-employment in agriculture, trade and research. Yet, in the context of Albania, efforts to promote returnee investment in local development are hampered by the lack of local development strategies and plans.
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of qualifications for the 2nd AQF level and more than 100 profiles linked to AQF levels 3-5. For most professions, Albania has an accreditation system to recognize foreign degrees and qualifications.63 The 2nd monitoring report on the implementation of the National Action Plan on Employment (2016) highlights the ongoing efforts to revise the AQF Law in order to improve the process of curricula design in education and training as well as recognition of VET nationally and internationally, improving employability and labour mobility of VET graduates.
At the same time, returning migrants bring a valuable set of informal and non-formal capacities, skills and competencies obtained whilst in migration. It is important, therefore, that there is a mechanism in place to ensure that these can be applied in the Albanian context and taken advantage of in the local labour market. The National Action Plan on Employment foresees ‘selecting bodies and putting in place procedures for the validation of qualifications, skills assessments, certification and the validation/recognition of prior learning’. However, the 2nd monitoring report on the implementation of this Action Plan (2016)64 indicates that Recognition of Prior Learning mechanisms has been defined for and tested in a few qualifications, whilst the legal basis is not fully in place yet. The new VET law supports the implementation of procedures for recognition of prior learning, but it is not complete without the AQF law and its by-laws. Recognition of prior learning would contribute to the development of lifelong learning opportunities, especially among adults and improve their participation. Completion of the legal framework would unlock progress in this regard.
Albania participates in the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) for South East Europe (SEE). The RCC believes that the free movement of people within the region is likely to redirect some of the migration flows that have otherwise been outside the SEE, to mobility within the region itself, therefore contributing to keeping the skills base and potential workforce in the region. As part of implementation of the SEE Development Strategy 2020, the RCC aims to remove some obstacles to the mobility of professionals, in particular through:
• regional mutual recognition agreements of professional qualifications in sectors of mutual interest by 2020;• removing obstacles to the mobility of the highly qualified workforce, in particular through development of joint
standards and procedures for automatic recognition of quality assured academic qualifications;• removing obstacles to mobility of students, researchers and academics through joint policies, measures and
instruments aimed at increasing academic and research mobility and cooperation in the region and a proposal for a Western Balkans Young Researchers Mobility Scheme to facilitate mobility from and to the Western Balkans by 2020.
Therefore, the national labour migration framework needs to be aligned with Western Balkan countries to offer quality vocational education and training to youth and adults. Three categories of migrants, namely potential emigrants, returnees as well as immigrants benefit from this policy.
Migration and development policies and practices
This pillar of migration governance is closely linked to the labour migration policy, which, when well-organised, has a high potential to contribute to the development of the country of destination as much as the country of origin. As the Diaspora Strategy and its Action Plan ensure a good coverage of all issues related to migration and development, the proposed measures under this strategy and action plan complement the provisions of the Diaspora strategy.
Two core issues are covered in this policy document with respect to the impact of migration on development – remittances and their transfer, and investments in Albania from a development perspective.
o Remittances and their transfer65
The economic significance of remittances lies beyond what official statistics of the balance of payments suggest, for both sending and recipient countries. Remittances include the transfer of monetary or in-kind “income and wealth” from workers in one country to their country of origin. Monetary transfers contribute to the direct growth of foreign currency amount in the home country of migrants, while in-kind transfers contribute to the increase of savings in the host country of the migrant. When remittances are sent via formal channels, they are recorded in the current account of the balance of payments of both
63 Instruction No.17 of the Minister of Education and Sports dated 03.08.2016 provides for the recognition degrees that correspond to levels 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the Albanian Qualification Framework, in other words PhD, Master, Bachelor and two-year professional degrees. See: Migration Governance in Albania: An assessment Report, IOM, 2016 (pp. 35-36).
64 P. 67.
65 The analysis in this section relies on “Remittances: support for development”, a 2018 publication by the National Bank of Albania.
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the home and the host country of the migrant. Remittances are also in-kind, such as goods sent to families in the country of origin. However, only a part is recorded as imports, while the majority of payments66 or donations made by migrants are rarely ever recorded as remittances.
During 2008-2017, the remittances to GDP ratio in Albania averaged 9.1%. This share fell slightly only once after the global crisis, yet it did not affect the important contribution of this item to the macroeconomic framework of the country. The impact of remittances on household incomes in Albania is significant. The World Bank has estimated that remittances represent about 13% of the annual households’ budget in Albania and a considerable part of remittances is destined for households living in rural areas. Studies show, however, that dependence on remittances may make some households increasingly vulnerable. While many families seek to emerge from poverty and improve the standards of living, a significant share of remittances is used for consumption. Considering that sooner or later these cash flows will fall, they need to be increasingly channelled towards investments so as to be sustainable. It is, therefore, crucial to continue expanding and improving remittance data collection research and analysis in order to orient new policies on remittance transfer and their productive use/investment.
The use of formal and informal channels for the transfer of remittances is an important factor for their productive use and investment. The Diaspora Strategy and its Action Plan envisage a number of important measures in this respect, which are complemented by the provisions under this strategy, especially with regard to the need for undertaking periodic surveys on financial strategies and the models of the use of financial instruments to identify the gaps in the financial system and the possibilities for improvement with regard to remittances, financial education as well and the need for awareness-raising campaigns targeting migrants and remittance recipients.
In Albania, the majority of remittances are transferred informally while little use is made of banks. Based on the analysis of the way remittances are delivered, it is estimated that 39% of remittance flows are channelled through unregulated channels, while 57% through non-bank financial institutions and only 4% through banks. It is also noted that remittances in Albania, even when channelled through official delivery channels, are disbursed in cash, thus promoting the use of cash in the Albanian economy. A combination of high transaction costs and socioeconomic exclusion of households in rural areas and/or households with low financial literacy may be the main factors for the continued use of informal channels of transactions.
In light of the above, routing remittances through official channels is extremely important, creating and enhancing access to basic banking services for the remittance-receiving households of emigrants. A 2016 World Bank survey on the financial behaviour of remittance recipients indicates that an important factor for the financial inclusion of remittance-receiving households and the channelling of remittances through regulated channels is the development of a country’s retail payment market meeting international standards. The Albanian retail payments market consists mainly of banks and some non-bank financial institutions, which concentrate their activity mainly on money transfers (cash-in-cash-out). Banks dominate the financial system accounting for about 90% of the system’s total assets. Non-bank financial institutions provide limited alternatives to using electronic payment instruments.67 On the other hand, the presence of innovative institutions, such as electronic money institutions, remains at a limited level in the Albanian market. The electronic payment instruments offered by the banks can widely be utilised for remittance transfers.
Low costs are estimated to be a key factor for the delivery of remittances. The study of the remittance market identifies ‘cost’ as the third reason why banks are not used as channels for the delivery of remittances. The first two reasons why banks are not being used to deliver remittances are: the perception that banking procedures are complicated and the lack of a bank account from inhabitants. Since remittances are high in Albania, the cost of their delivery is high, too. In 2018, its cost was 8.64% of the total amount to be sent, standing above the global level (at 7.13%) and the regional average for Europe and Central Asia (at 7.55%).
Remittance costs could be further reduced by raising the level the public’s financial education. The Greenback Project is a recent pilot initiative of the World Bank Group, implemented in Berat, promoting the financial education of emigrants and their families who are expecting remittances in cities selected based on the volume of remittance flows. The overall objective is to increase the efficiency of the remittance market by promoting change based on the real needs of final beneficiaries of international transfers and stimulating cooperation between emigrants and their families, remittance service providers and public authorities.
66 Such as insurance premia, education, tickets for international flights directly to airlines.
67 At present, there are nine licensed non-bank financial institutions in the Albanian market for payment and transfer services, of which six may be considered actively involved in the market. It is estimated that remittances are channelled mainly via two of these institutions. It is worth pointing out that the services currently provided by these institutions do not support the use of electronic payment instruments, inter alia as a result of the existing legal and regulatory framework.
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The challenge of developing specific and innovative products to serve emigrants and their families should be encouraged and promoted to allow them access to financial system services and greater financial inclusion. The National Bank of Albania has found that the banking system offers very few products linked to remittances, mainly bank transfers and deposits. It is, therefore, recommended that banks shift their attention to the remittance business, as it is profitable because of the commission rates involved, foreign currency remittances are a source of income for banks because of the exchange rate, and banks may sell other remittance-related products such as debit and credit cards, and consumer credit. The approach of non-bank financial institutions to the remittance market differs from the banks. These institutions pay more attention to the remittance market as they have tailored products (such as time deposits, business loans to families of migrants and mortgage loans) that serve a specific purpose to emigrants and their families. Non-banking financial institutions look out for new developments and the evolution of the remittances’ development cycle, so their role must be enhanced and supported.
o Promotion of investment in Albania
In so far as economic development activities, the involvement of Albanian Diaspora groups has so far been limited, bar the support provided during the Kosovo conflict. The adequate identification of Diaspora groups has been a challenge to their engagement in the country’s development because, in general, they are not organised or formalised in particular associations or because activities are sporadic and discontinuous. There are, however, some well-established groups that have been active for a long time and enjoy the serious commitment of their members. The State Minister for Diaspora is actively creating a repository of all the associations and groups of Albanian communities abroad also through the recently established National Institute for Diaspora which intends to involve these community members in various initiatives for the country’s development. Out-of-country voting remains one of the Government of Albania incentives to promote Diaspora engagement in this regard.
Diaspora engagement has also been hampered by the lack of providing updated information on investment opportunities in Albania and the legal and regulatory framework for doing business and/or investing in the country The establishment of the Albanian Investment Development Agency has brought some major improvements in this respect although the government’s efforts could have a higher impact if coupled with frequent contacts with diaspora business networks abroad through the support of the Albanian diplomatic service. These meetings should act as investment opportunities whilst gauging the Diaspora’s interest in investing in Albania identifying some of the major barriers they may have been faced with. This is also one of the key objectives of the Diaspora Strategy and its Action Plan.
Engagement of the diaspora could also be encouraged by establishing dedicated Government programmes specifically designed to attract the human and financial capital of Diaspora members and to utilise to the benefit of Albania’s socioeconomic advancement. In this respect, Albania could learn from successful international experiences in Diaspora engagement in national and local development, such as the Diaspora Engagement Hub in the Republic of Moldova or the 3x1 programme in Mexico.68
Such experiences would allow the Government of Albania to encourage the transfer of human capital and professional experience to the academic, social and economic spheres whilst establishing successful models of matching funds to support public works that bring improvements in local community infrastructure (roads, schools, health services) and promote local economic development (employment generation schemes).
Moreover, the Diaspora community may contribute towards projects of a strategic interest for the country, such as the implementation of the Integrated Rural Development Programme, otherwise known as the 100 Villages Programme69 with the aim of increasing investment in agriculture and tourism through the development of agro-tourism, the growth and development of the agro-processing businesses. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development may facilitate the absorption of EU funds by all Albanian citizens, migrants included, through projects that promote investments in agriculture (IPARD and SARED funds) or by reducing taxes on agricultural machinery. These incentives will provide new job opportunities, will facilitate investments in agriculture and livestock husbandry for both farmers who are currently engaged in agriculture and migrants who have decided to return and invest in these sectors.
68 The Republic of Moldova encouraged the transfer of human capital and professional experience to the academic, social and economic spheres by way of three sub-programs focusing on the Return Diaspora Professionals, Diaspora Innovative Projects and Thematic Regional Partnerships, and Educational Centres among the Diaspora community. The Diaspora are awarded grants to implement various components of the programme through funding by the Swiss Government. The 3x1 Programme for Migrants in Mexico supports the initiatives of Mexicans living abroad and gives them the opportunity to channel their resources into works of social impact that directly benefit their home communities in Mexico. The project is implemented with the assistance of clubs or federations of migrants living abroad, the Federal Government and the state and municipal governments. It is a matching funding scheme through which for every peso sent by migrants, the Federal, State and Municipal governments add 3 pesos each, hence it being called the 3x1 programme. Having recently been expanded to include the private sector as well, it is now the 4x1 programme instead. The funds raised are used for public works that improve the infrastructure of local communities (roads, schools, health services) and promote local economic development (employment generation schemes, etc.).
69 More information on this programme can be obtained by visiting the following link www.bujqesia.gov.al/programi-i-integruar-per-zhvillimin-rural-programi-i-100-fshatrave-2/
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DOMAIN 4. Migrant’s integration and protection of migrants’ rights
With respect to this domain the following elements are crucial:
A comprehensive non-discrimination
framework for immigrants
Vulnerable categories of immigrants in
programming and delivering assistance
Migrants’ socioeconomic and cultural integration
Durable legal status of immigrants in
Albania
Comprehensive non-discrimination framework
With respect to protection mechanisms applicable to migrants, Albania guarantees the implementation of a range of the human, economic and social rights to foreigners in the country. Albanian legislation is generally in compliance with EU standards regarding the legal provision on non-discrimination. Equality of the rights of foreigners with those of nationals is enshrined in Article 16 of the Constitution of Albania.70 The Constitution also extends to non-nationals a range of fundamental human rights and freedoms, including equality and non-discrimination.71 Migrants’ rights are also explicitly guaranteed in several legal acts72, Council of Ministers’ Decisions and implementing legislation. Law No. 10221/2010 on protection against discrimination is a key legal act in this regard.
Albania has also ratified the majority of international human rights instruments and the main conventions on the rights of migrants,73 and implements successfully the majority of international conventions on migrant workers with domestic migration legislation generally reflecting the principles of international conventions on migrants’ rights.
Given the binding nature of these legal acts, attention needs to be paid to certain area so as to ensure full alignment, as follows: (1) Even though Albania has ratified the Council of Europe Convention on the Participation of Foreigners in Public Life at Local Level, domestic legislation has not been amended so as to enable certain rights envisaged by that Convention such as the right for consultations in local matters, or the right to vote in local elections74; (2) Albanian emigrants abroad cannot exercise their right to vote due to the lack of infrastructure to enable them to vote abroad; (3) According to the Law on Aliens, public service providers must not provide services to foreigners of irregular immigration status. Exceptions are made only for emergency health care. The Law should also include schools as a service provider exempted from the obligation to check the legal status of the children attending school so as to guarantee the right to education to all the children. At present, despite the ratification of the Convention, there is a risk that children of migrants with irregular status cannot exercise their right to education due to the legal status.
A long-standing general objective of Albania’s migration governance continues to be the extension of legal guarantees of non-discrimination to all persons, regardless of the status of their residence.75 This ensures that the general norms of the national legislation securing the country’s compliance with international standards, are adhered to without any discrimination in practice. In this context, it is important to review the actual position of foreign workers, in particular those employed irregularly, with regard to the fulfilment of a range of entitlements and standards enshrined in the Labour Code.76 This should further be complemented by ensuring that all migrant workers, regardless of their legal status, are paid in full for all completed work.
o Enforcement of non-discrimination regulations
It is very difficult to ascertain to what extent non-discrimination regulations are being applied in Albania. This situation reflects
70 “The fundamental rights and freedoms and obligations provided for in the Constitution for Albanian citizens are also valid for foreigners and stateless persons in the territory of the Republic of Albania, except for cases when the Constitution specifically attaches the exercise of particular rights and freedoms to Albanian citizenship”.
71 These include freedom of expression, right of information, freedom of conscience and of religion, prohibition of torture, cruel, inhumane or degrading punishment or treatment, prohibition of forced labour.
72 The Labour Code, the Law on the emigration of Albanian citizens for employment purposes (No. 9668 dated 18.12.2006), the Law on International Private Law (No. 10 428 dated 2.6.2011), the Law on Aliens (No. 108/2013 as amended), the Law on Asylum in the Republic of Albania (No. 121/2014), the Law on Foreign Service (No. 23/2015).
73 ILO Convention on Migration for Employment (C97), ILO convention on Migrant Workers (C 143), Convention on the Status of Refugees and its Protocol (1961), Convention relating to the status of Stateless Persons (1954), Convention on Reduction of Statelessness (1961), Vienna Convention on the Consular Affairs, Convention on the Rights of the Child, International Covenant on the Rights of Migrants and Their Family Members, as well as two Council of Europe Conventions on the rights of migrants, namely the Convention on the Status of Migrant Workers, and the Convention on the Participation of Foreigners in the Public Life at the local level.
74 Even though Albania has expressed reservations regarding the right of foreigners to vote as envisaged by the Convention on the Participation of Foreigners in Public Life at Local Level, it is advised that it acknowledges this right to foreigners.
75 Article 4, Law No. 10221/2010.
76 These include, for instance, the right to have a written contract in a language understood by both parties, stipulating terms of fair and timely payment of all wages and benefits as well as compliance with safety and other standards in the workplace.
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certain cross-cutting issues, which need to be addressed in order to raise the country’s overall implementation capacity.
Firstly, appropriate human resources need to be in place to ensure implementation of both domestic legislation and international conventions. It is, therefore, recommended that continuous training takes place of all officials working on migration, in particular police and border personnel, judges, prosecutors, lawyers/advocates as well as officials at the local level. This should help address lack of knowledge of procedures to detect and prosecute legal violations by or in relation to foreigners in Albania. In particular, there is a significant lack of knowledge among judges and prosecutors on the rights of migrants despite their irregular status, as envisaged by the Conventions Albania has ratified.
Secondly, as per the recommendation of the Committee on Migrant Workers, there is also a need for information campaigns to take place targeting migrants, to ensure that they have effective access to information about their rights and the principle of non-discrimination enshrined in the Albanian Constitution and the Conventions ratified by the country. An increased awareness of their rights should result in a greater readiness to report violations.
Finally, more effective mechanisms are needed to monitor the respect for the principle of non-discrimination. The information provided by official sources on the implementation of and respect for the rights of migrant workers and women migrants in Albania remains limited and irregular. During the past few years, the Special Rapporteur on migrants underlined the need for adequate information on seeking asylum, better care for migrant children and more interpretation assistance to irregular migrants entering Albania. In this context, the competencies and capacities of several institutions need to be strengthened. Albania’s Ombudsman has increasingly monitored and reported on the rights of migrants and asylum seekers, including reception conditions of irregular immigrants and asylum seekers. This work needs to continue unabated in general and through particular mechanisms that would respond to ICRMW requirements as well as entrusting a specific institution with the regular monitoring of migrants’ rights.
Identification of migrants as a vulnerable category
Certain categories of migrants, both returning Albanian citizens and foreign nationals residing in Albania, are recognized as vulnerable by Albanian policies, legal framework and programmes. In particular, the Law on Foreigners includes references to Vulnerable persons who are unaccompanied and separated minors, persons with limited abilities, elderly people, pregnant women, single parents with children, and persons who have been subjected to torture, rape, or other forms of psychological, physical and sexual violence. The Law on Social Care Services includes foreigners with legal residence in Albania as one of the categories that can benefit from these services. The law addresses categories eligible for state aid, and includes among others, victims of trafficking, and children including UAM’s, children in need of special protection, i.e. children that have been abandoned, have been subjected to exploitation, violence or discrimination, etc.
However, various legal acts contain inconsistencies on the definition of vulnerable groups. This especially applies to UAM’s, affecting their rights and entitlements in line with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. For instance, the Law on Social Care Services does not include asylum seekers or irregular migrants as beneficiaries of social services, which affects the provision of shelter to unaccompanied minors who cross the borders irregularly. According to Article 3/6 of Law No. 18/2017 on the rights of children and their protection, unaccompanied minors who enter Albania are considered to be in need of protection. However, according to the Law on Aliens, UAM’s must be sheltered in open centres and not placed in a detention centre. Furthermore, dedicated mechanisms are needed for the provision of social care and support to returnee Albanian UAM’s whose families have not been identified yet or have been considered abandoned by their parents.
Vulnerabilities may arise in the process of handling irregular migrants during their detention. While the term “vulnerable person” does not feature in the Criminal Procedure Code, the law includes the right of a detained or arrested foreigner to contact their consular office. It is, however, recommended that detained irregular migrants should be considered vulnerable categories in relation to legal aid as a whole and, as such, they should be provided with free legal assistance while in detention. Another important aspect is raising detainees’ awareness of their rights with information materials covering appeals procedures and availability of legal aid. To ensure adequate treatment and respect of human rights, national and local capacities need to be strengthened by allocating adequate resources for the effective processing of migrants and asylum seekers, so as to guarantee non refoulement and the fast and effective identification and referral of vulnerable cases.77
77 Instruction No. 293/2015 on procedures for the treatment of foreigners of an irregular status in Albania envisages specific measures for pre-screening and transfer mechanisms of victims of trafficking and unaccompanied minors.
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Women’s specific needs should be taken into account in the overall design and delivery of assistance. This requires firstly identifying the barriers to women’s employment and protection of their rights through consultations with female migrants. Secondly, a review is needed of both legislative acts and administrative procedures/assistance schemes to identify any obstacles to effective use of aid mechanisms by women.
Migrants’ socioeconomic integration
Albanian migration legislation grants foreign long-term residents economic rights, health-related and social rights on the same terms as the Albanian nationals. Access is also extended to residents on family reunification permits as under Article 84 of the Law on Aliens, foreign family members of Albanian nationals who are willing to work are treated the same as Albanian nationals. Under Albanian legislation, foreign citizens working in Albania for Albanian employers, and foreign citizens working in Albania for non-Albanian employers are entitled to Albanian social insurance, provided they do not enjoy other more favourable social insurance protection.78
Albania has concluded several agreements with other countries on social protection, which guarantee the portability of pensions along with other social security benefits.79 While the number of concluded agreements has increased significantly recently, the need to undertake negotiations on signing bilateral agreements on social protection with key host countries was explicitly featured in the Diaspora Action Plan, in which they were considered crucial for the effective transfer of social insurance benefits for Albanian returnees. In this regard, a State Coordinator was appointed by Order No. 43, dated 12.02.2019, of the Prime Minister, “On the appointment of the state coordinator for state agreements in the field of insurance for Albanian citizens abroad”, at the level of Deputy Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs, which functions within the framework of the Action Plan of the National Strategy for Diaspora and reports to the State Committee on Diaspora (starting from 3 May 2019).
In this context, it is worth considering conclusion of agreements with certain priority countries, such as Italy and Greece, since they host significant numbers of Albanian migrants many of whom have begun to return to the homeland.
While the national legal framework is generally comprehensive, some gaps remain in securing the socioeconomic integration of all residents. To respect the constitutional guarantee of equal access to social protection (social insurance, health care and other social and economic rights) for all Albanian citizens and migrants, the categories of persons who are insufficiently covered need to be identified and necessary changes in the national legislation and international agreements undertaken. These barriers relate to the legal and administrative framework (conditions of acquiring residence permits by family members and of maintaining their residence status when a migrant worker passes away or in case of divorce), the catalogue of entitlements (right of irregular migrants to join trade unions the scope of protection applicable to irregular migrants and their family members, refugees and asylum-seekers) and the eligibility for social protection (access to integration programmes and services). Many of these issues may be addressed through a combination of better information provision, facilitated procedures and institutional strengthening of service provision to migrants.
Particular attention needs to be paid to those areas, in which specific issues have been identified in terms of the protection of rights of some migrants, especially those with irregular status. These are, in particular, access to health care and education.
Access to health care
Depending on their legal status, immigrants generally enjoy the same status as Albanian citizens in accessing government-funded health services. All economically active persons80 permanently resident in Albania make use of health services on the basis of their obligatory contributions to the state health insurance fund.81 The Law on Aliens guarantees health care to foreigners hosted in closed reception facilities.82 The Law provides an additional guarantee granting the right of access to health
78 Art. 7 of the Law No.7703 “On Social Insurance in the Republic of Albania”, 11 May 1993.
79 These agreements include: Agreement on Social Protection with Belgium that entered into force in 1st of January 2016, Agreement on Social Protection with the Federal Republic of Germany in 23 September 2015, Agreement on Social Protection with the Republic of Romania in 2015 that was ratified in April 2016, an Agreement with the Republic of Macedonia in March 2015 ratified with the law 123/2015 in 12 November 2015 and entered into force in 1st of June 2016, a bilateral agreement for the transfer of social insurance signed with Kosovo/UNSCR 1244/1999 in 5 February 2015, an Agreement on Social Protection with the Czech Republic signed in 13 October 2015 and ratified in 24 March 2016, an Agreement on Social Protection with the Republic of Hungary ratified with the law no. 151/2015 in 21 December 2015, and entering into force in 1st of July 2016. In addition, there is an agreement with Turkey, in force as of 15 April 2005, and an agreement with Canada as per the Council of Ministers Decision No.336 dated 22 April 2015.
80 This includes employed and self-employed persons, unpaid family workers and other working/economically active persons.
81 Article 5, Law No.10383 on Compulsory Health Care Insurance in the Republic of Albania, 24 February 2011.
82 Article 127.2, Law No. 108/2013 amended by Law No. 4/2016.
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care for all categories of immigrants irrespective of their legal status when found in a situation of medical emergency and in case lack of medical care may jeopardise their life.83
However, certain difficulties in practical access to health care for non-nationals have been noted in the 2016 assessment report. Gaps have been revealed in the ability of the medical personnel to provide health services to foreigners in Albania, indicating training neds that would help them better understand their respective health risks and determinants as well as the culture’s impact on health and illnesses.
Access to education
Despite their legal status, all immigrants have access to primary and secondary education in Albania84 given that Albanian legislation guarantees the right to education to foreign citizens and stateless persons, without discrimination due to gender, race, colour, ethnicity, language, sexual orientation, political or religious convictions, economic or social status, age, place of residence, disability or any other grounds expressed in Albanian legislation. However, some migrants experience difficulties in accessing public education. In general, there is a need to provide tailored assistance to immigrants and their children to address the language barrier, preventing them from using educational services effectively. Other barriers are of an administrative nature. For instance, although in principle entitled to their children receiving education, irregular migrants are not able to access the education system because they may have not obtained legal residence as yet.
Dedicated integration programmes
In the current institutional setup, several state bodies are responsible for the social integration of foreigners. Under Article 4 of Law No. 108/2013, the design and implementation of a national programme for the social integration of foreigners lies with the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, the Ministry of Education and Science, and the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports. Greater coordination of their activities could help address more thoroughly the challenges and barriers face by migrant workers and migrant women in Albania for the enjoyment of their social and cultural rights.
The creation of dedicated integration programmes that take into account foreigners’ diverse social and cultural backgrounds could help pool resources together and exchange information more effectively on the part of the institutions involved. The programmes could also target the needs of vulnerable categories of foreigners (in particular, women and children) more comprehensively. Design of such programmes should take into account the results of a review on the functions of Migration Counters and other institutions involved in the referral reintegration mechanism that was established in the framework of the Reintegration Strategy. This could help take stock of the various sectoral reintegration initiatives and identify assets and competencies of relevant institutions.
Durable legal status of immigrants in Albania
Ultimately, clear and transparent prospects for legal status are the key to long-term integration, along with guarantees of equal treatment. Albania recognizes the importance of a rights-based migration policy that creates legal opportunities for long-term settlement and full integration of those who qualify.
o Long-term residence
A vital step in this regard is the opportunity to acquire long-term residence after meeting transparent criteria. All foreigners who have been granted temporary residence in Albania are entitled to apply for an indefinite residence permit under equal conditions.85 An application must be lodged 60 days before the expiry of the existing residence permit with the local Border and Migration authority.86 Should the application fulfil all criteria, their application for a long-term residence permit can only be refused if they have been charged with or convicted of criminal offences committed in Albania, or if there is the risk that they pose a threat to national security and public order. When an application is rejected, the reasons behind it must be clearly explained along with information on how to challenge that decision in courts, in line with the provisions of the Administrative Procedure Code. Long-term residence status is permanent and the permit is automatically renewed after seven years. It may only be revoked if it was obtained by means of fraud or false representation. The holder is subject to removal if they pose a
83 Article 136.2.
84 Article 5, Law No.69/2012 on Pre-University Education in the Republic of Albania, 18 July 2012.
85 Exceptions include foreigners who study in Albania, are seasonal workers, applicants or beneficiaries of temporary protection or asylum seekers awaiting a final decision on their application.
86 Article 61 of Law No.108/2013 on Aliens.
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threat to public security or have been living abroad for more than 12 consecutive months.
While the terms of acquisition and termination of long-term residence are generally in line with international practice, there is a need to raise the applicants’ awareness of the precise meaning of the terms of the formal requirements. With the exception of cases of genuine threat to public order and national security, the applicants should be provided with exhaustive information on the grounds for the rejection of the application along with sufficient information on how to meet the requirements when re-applying. When the long-term residence is terminated for reasons other than security, such as having been away from the country for a lengthy period, the applicant should be provided with information on how to re-apply once they can demonstrate that the requirements are fully met again, such as closer ties to Albania, family status or length of residence, as mitigating circumstances in countering a removal decision.
o Citizenship
Article 6 of the Law on Albanian Citizenship places naturalisation next to birth and adoption87 as a form of acquiring Albanian citizenship that is open to all qualifying adult foreign applicants. The primary requirements are a period of legal residence of five years and basic command of the Albanian language.88 The legislation provides for the naturalisation of spouses of Albanian citizens, and children who are born to at least one Albanian parent, whilst easing conditions for foreign nationals of Albanian origin.89 The request is lodged with the Ministry of Interior, which is obliged to decide on whether to forward the request to the President of the Republic 6 months from the date of submission. The President then issues a decree by means of which citizenship is granted. If the Ministry of Interior decides not to forward the application to the President, it should inform the applicants of this decision, as they have the right to appeal this decision in court.
Although the ultimate decision is discretionary, it is vital that the review procedure is transparent, providing genuine opportunities for effective appeal. In particular, the applicant should be notified of any delay in the review, and, if necessary, s/he should be given an opportunity to submit evidence in support of the application. The standards of the review by the Ministry of Interior should reduce arbitrary interpretation of the formal grounds for accepting the application. In particular, it is necessary to establish and inform applicants accordingly of the interpretation of the criterion of uninterrupted residence in the country. The negative decision of the review by the Ministry ought to result in the issuing of a written notice, which, with the exception of grounds of public security and national defence, should include detailed explanations of the grounds for refusal with clear legal and factual references.
As in other procedures, acquisition of citizenship ought to consider the welfare of children as a particularly vulnerable group. Albania has ratified the Convention on Migrant Workers and Their Family Members which envisages that every child of migrant workers shall have the right to citizenship regardless of migratory status. As explained in footnote 88, a child born in the country from foreign parents with legal residence or from unknown parents can obtain Albanian citizenship (please see footnote 88). However, the Law on Citizenship does not cover children of irregular migrants, who otherwise would remain stateless. It is, therefore, vital that in addressing this issue, Albanian authorities bring the national legislation in line with ratified international conventions regarding citizenship and the elimination of statelessness so as to guarantee that no child is deprived of the opportunity to acquire a nationality in order to avoid statelessness.
o Family reunification
Albania allows for family reunification of all migrants in visa or residency categories in accordance with the EU Directive on Family Reunification. The Law on Aliens grants the right of reunification to spouses of Albanian nationals and children under their custody (Article 55), family members of legal immigrants (Article 56) or of refugees (Article 58).90 Residence permits are then issued by the border and migration authority. The Law also provides for an independent residence permit albeit only after five years of residence in the country under family reunification rules.
The International Committee of Migrants has pointed out that the law does not provide for members of the family of a migrant worker to renew their residence permit in case of divorce or following the death of the migrant worker.91 It is, therefore,
87 A minor becomes automatically Albanian by birth, if any of the parents is Albanian. If the child’s parents are not Albanian citizens but are legal residents in Albania at the time, the minor born in Albania may become an Albanian citizen should both parents desire this outcome.
88 Moreover, applicants may not have been sentenced for a criminal offence with the detention term of at least three years or their admission into Albania might constitute a threat to the public security and national defence.
89 Decision of Council of Ministers no 554/2013 “On the criteria and procedures for acquisition of Albanian citizenship by persons with Albanian origin with the exception of citizens of Kosovo”.
90 Furthermore, all relevant provisions with respect to application for family unification, the procedure of unification as well as the rights of the family member/s of the refugees are set out in Articles 63, 64, 65 and 67 of the Law on Asylum.
91 Article 34 of the Law on Aliens states that the residence permit shall not be renewed if the reason for which it was issued in the first place no longer exists, i.e. when the
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essential that the Law on Aliens fully guarantees the rights of the families of the deceased or divorced migrant workers, so as to bring the Albanian legislation in line with Article 50 of the Convention on the Rights of Migrants and Family Members.92 In particular, the authorities should consider the best interest of the child when deciding on the annulment of the residence permit of the foreigner when the family is dissolved. If no such authorisation is granted members of the family shall be allowed a reasonable period of time prior to departure in order to be able them to settle their affairs in the State of employment.
Although the Law on Aliens does not explicitly refer to the right of family members to employment, the latter enjoy equal access to the labour market as holders of relevant residence permits. Under Article 70 of the Law on Aliens, long-term residents enjoy economic rights, health-related and social rights on the same terms as the Albanian nationals. Under Article 84 on labour market needs for employees, foreign family members of Albanian nationals who are willing to work are treated the same as Albanian nationals. Foreign family members of Albanian nationals take precedence over other immigrants in filling job vacancies. In this regard, Article 84 also provides that job vacancies are first to be filled by persons who possess the skills and qualifications required and are willing to work in that position, including foreign family members of Albanian nationals. Article 85 foresees that work permits for family members of Albanian citizens must be issued as a matter of priority and without reference to the labour market.
Albanian legislation should set out the rights of family members of foreigners in Albania, including the right to education, vocational training, employment and social assistance. Moreover, in line with the 2010 recommendations of the Committee on Migrant Workers, it is essential that the implementation of the right of family members to maintain their residence permit is monitored. However, as explained above, the residence status of family members is dependent on the holder of the main permit, potentially making the position of family members vulnerable in case of death or divorce.
marriage has been dissolved. The family member enjoys the autonomous right to a residence permit only after five years of residence themselves in Albania. In case the sponsor passes away, the family member enjoys the autonomous right to a residence permit after three years of residence in Albania.
92 According to the Convention, the State of employment shall favourably consider granting an authorisation of stay to family members of the migrant worker residing in that State on the basis of family reunion. The State of employment shall take into account the length of time they have already resided in the said State.
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The vision of the National Strategy on Migration is inspired by global migration processes as much as by Albania’s EU integration process, so as to ensure a comprehensive and holistic response to migration challenges and opportunities. In line with this vision, the Government of Albania has set as the following Policy Goal:
‘Effectively govern migration in Albania to address challenges resulting from migratory movements and to enhance the impact of migration on development to the benefit of migrants and society’
This objective will be achieved through coherent and concerted policy actions that simultaneously respond to: the need for building a solid legal and institutional framework on migration governance; the need to continue to strengthen the response to irregular migration from, to and through Albania toward the European Union; challenges posed by mixed flows and the need to ensure adequate responses; the need to enhance the governance of labour migration; the need to further promote links between the emigration of Albanian citizens and development at national and local levels; the challenges and opportunities for building a solid framework for integration of foreign migrant workers and members of their families in Albania.
The National Strategy on Migration centres on four strategic priorities, as follows:
PART II: VISION, POLICY GOALS AND SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGY
A. Ensure strategic governance of migration in Albania
B. Ensure safe and orderly migration from, through, and to Albania
D. Promote and protect migrants’ rights and their integration
C. Develop an e�ective labour migration policy while enhancing the positive impact of migration in the national/local socioeconomic
development
POLICY GOALE�ectively govern migration in Albania to
address challenges resulting from migratory movements and to enhance the develop-
ment impact of migration to the bene�t of migrants and the Albanian society.
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The basic condition for the effective governance of migration in Albania is the existence of a solid policy, legal and institutional framework for migration governance. This will also be the primary objective of the strategy. A solid policy framework will ensure that migration policies are mainstreamed into sectorial and inter-sectorial policies, as much as aligned with the overarching strategic documents, the National Strategy on Migration, the NSDI and the EU accession process. Enhancing data collection and analysis on migration will be a key objective so as to ensure that the policy framework is based on good and solid evidence. In addition, Albania will remain an active partner in the regional as well as in the global processes on migration, and in ensuring that international commitments in the field of migration are firmly and fully translated into concrete actions.
The specific objectives and major products are, as follows:
A. Ensure strategic governance of migration in Albania
Legal approximation with EU and international standards and improvement of institutional capacities (both individual and through enhanced coordination) are a strategic priority for the Albanian Government. Its fulfilment is essential in order to achieve substantial progress across all pillars of state migration policy. It is expected that, as a result, the legal and institutional framework will be in compliance with European best practices, therefore enhancing Albanian institutions’ ability to form effective partnerships in migration governance. The progress in this area is also of fundamental importance when it comes to making migration governance more transparent and able to respond to emergencies in a flexible manner. This strategic objective will be attained through the following specific objectives that will produce the outcomes below:
A. Ensure strategic governance of migration in Albania
A1. Align national legal framework with EU and international framework on migration governance
A1.1 Ensure systematic adoption and implementation of international terms, norms and standards in the field of migration
A2. Enhance institutional capacities for migration governance
A2.1 Clearly define competences of key Government of Albania institutions and agencies and identify their capacities for migration governance
A2.2 Improve migration data collection, analysis and sharing
A3. Improve coordination mechanisms for migration governance
A3.1 Improve horizontal and vertical coherence through enhanced operational and strategic coordination
A4. Enhance partnerships for migration governance
A4.1 Review existing institutional partnerships on migration and formulate of new partnerships
PART III: SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGY AND MAJOR PRODUCTS
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B. Ensure safe and orderly migration from, through and to Albania
Integrated border and migration management has taken a central position in Albania’s efforts to reduce irregular movements across its borders and inside the country. This objective builds on the existing commitments, aiming at increasing effectiveness of control mechanisms for safe and orderly admission, stay and transit movement of foreigners, and return and reintegration of Albanian citizens. It recognizes the importance of adequate allocation of resources to meet the challenges of evolving migration flows and of working out and enhancing mechanisms of co-operation with the authorities of the migrant’s country of origin and destination.
This strategic objective will be realised through the following specific objectives that will produce the outcomes below:
B. Ensure safe and orderly migration from, through and to Albania
B1. Effectively address irregular movements at the country’s borders and inside the territory of Albania
B1.1 Continue to improve infrastructure at the country’s borders and within the country in order to strengthen migration control while safeguarding migrants’ rights.
B1.2 Ensure efficiency of the border guard
B1.3 Entry and stay procedures serving as effective instruments to prevent and reduce irregular migration
B1.4 Minimize cases of irregular stay and transit through checks on the legality of stay, measures for proven violation of legality of stay and provision of information
B2. Improve effectiveness of return mechanisms for foreign citizens
B2.1 Successful return of foreign citizens to their countries of origin through readmission and voluntary return
B3. Efficiently respond to irregular migration of Albanian citizens in EU Member States
B3.1 Implement adequate measures to prevent the irregular migration of Albanian citizens
B3.2 Support return and reintegration of readmitted Albanian citizens
B4. Management of mixed flows B4.1 Develop strategic and operational frameworks to meet the challenge of mixed flows to Albania
C. Develop an effective labour migration policy while enhancing the positive impact of migration in the national/local socioeconomic development of the country
Labour migration of Albanian citizens is likely to remain a major factor influencing the country’s development. The application of a combination of measures is needed to reduce the scope of irregular migration, protect migrants’ rights and maximize the overall positive contribution economic migration produces on local and national welfare. This objective aims to integrate migration policy more closely into the management of national labour market by means of providing incentives to the return of workers in demand, making better use of returnees’ skills and promoting productive use of remittances and other contributions the migrants bring. Supplying prospective migrants with comprehensive information on their rights and opportunities is particularly important for the facilitation of more orderly forms of labour migration (circular and seasonal) and ultimately so as to encourage their return to the Albanian labour market.
This strategic objective will be realised through the following specific objectives that will produce the outcomes below:
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C. Develop an effective labour migration policy while enhancing the positive impact of migration in the national/local socioeconomic development of the country
C1. Ensure an effective labour migration policy framework
C1.1 Include the various elements of the emigration of Albanian citizens into the development, implementation and monitoring of national employment policies
C1.2 Develop and implement proactive policies and schemes aiming at attracting Albanian citizens, members of the Albanian Diaspora and foreign workers with skills and qualifications in short supply in the Albanian labour market
C1.3 Periodically monitor and forecast labour migration needs
C1.4 Set up and implement an effective legal and institutional framework on labour migration
C2. Facilitate seasonal and circular migration for Albanian citizens
C2.1 Keep track of the dynamics of seasonal and circular labour migration and the establishment of a regulatory framework
C2.2 Foster International cooperation on labour migration
C2.3 Ensure that pre-departure services for prospective Albanian migrant workers are in place
C2.4 Strengthen institutional capacities on protection of migrant workers’ rights
C2.5 Facilitate the return and socioeconomic reintegration of the Albanian citizens
C3. Maximise the impact of migration on national and local development
C3.1 Promote formal channelling and productive use of remittances
C3.2 Promote investments to Albania
D. Promote and protect migrants’ rights and their integration
The final pillar of migration governance concentrates on ensuring the favourable conditions for the long-term integration of migrants in Albania. It seeks to do so by identifying current challenges facing non-nationals in exercising the rights that are guaranteed by Albanian constitutional and statutory legislation and proposing targeted measures to safeguard those rights. In particular, it recognizes the priority of raising migrants’ awareness of their rights and facilitating their access to various forms of state support. Special attention should be given to reducing impediments to the effective enjoyment of rights by the most vulnerable categories, such as female migrants, children, youth, persons with disabilities and the elderly.
This strategic objective will be realised through the following specific objectives that will produce the outcomes below:
D. Promote and protect migrants’ rights and their integration
D1. Ensure that a comprehensive non-discrimination framework effectively protects migrants’ rights
D1.1 Extend legal guarantees of non-discrimination to all persons residing in the country
D1.2 Raise migrants’ awareness of their rights and procedures for their enforcement
D1.3 Improve effectiveness and monitoring of response mechanisms
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D2. Identify migrants as a vulnerable category in programming and delivering assistance
D2.1 Tailor assistance to meet specific needs of children and youth
D2.2 Address specific needs of migrants
D3. Improve conditions for migrants’ socioeconomic and cultural integration
D3.1 Guarantee equal access to social security
D3.2 Provide adequate access to housing, health care and education
D3.3 Design and implement dedicated integration programmes
D4. Provide durable legal solutions for migrants
D4.1 Facilitate acquisition of long-term residence and make their legal status durable
D4.2 Provide a clear path toward citizenship
D4.3 Guarantee the legal status of family members
Indicators for measuring progress at the outcome level as well as for each proposed measure have been introduced in the Action Plan accompanying this strategy.
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This chapter summarises the financial resources needed to implement the Action Plan of the National Strategy on Migration. The total cost estimated for the implementation of measures from all sources of funding is around 341.25 million ALL or approximately 2.7 million Euros93. Sources from the state budget are allocated to budget programmes of line ministries and institutions that are tasked with the implementation of the Action Plan.
The allocation of funds for the 2019-2021 period has taken into account the ultimate ceilings of the draft medium-term budget (MTBF 2019-2021). Financial resources from the state budget cover about 73.7% of the cost of the Strategy cost, or about 251.3 million ALL, whilst donors have committed themselves to cover 0.8% of the Strategy, which comes to 2.76 million ALL.
The financial gap uncovered by the budget is 25.53% and is part of additional budget requests and negotiations with various donors. It consists primarily of the cost of complementary activities, such as independent assessments and studies, awareness-raising campaigns, projects to increase the accommodation capacities for migrants, pilot programmes for the integration of vulnerable categories of migrants, and so on.
The amount of spending required for the implementation of National Action Plans is derived by costing each of the sub-measures of the action plan individually. When calculating total spending, various elements are taken into consideration, such as the duration of the measure, the number of beneficiaries for certain activities, etc. The cost of the Action Plan is based on budget planning techniques.
Table 1 presents the budget in years according to strategic objectives. 59.65% of the spending are needed for strategic objective B.
Table 1 Budget according to strategic objectives for the period 2019-2022
Discription Budget 2019-2022
OBJECTIVES, ACTIONS Year 2019 Year 2020 Year 2021 Year 2022 TOTAL
Objective A: Ensure strategic governance of migration in Albania 3,872,000.00 7,489,000.00 4,446,000.00 4,446,000.00 20,253,000.00
Objective B: Ensure safe and orderly migration from, through and to Albania
61,698,000.00 45,764,000.00 46,445,000.00 49,520,520.00 203,427,520.00
Objective C: Develop an effective labour migration policy while enhancing the positive impact of migration in the national/ local socioeconomic development
936,000.00 33,007,000.00 20,098,000.00 20,623,000.00 74,664,000.00
Objective D: Promote and protect migrants’ rights and their integration
6,935,400.00 11,267,200.00 12,109,480.00 12,589,480.00 42,901,560.00
TOTAL (1+2+3+4+5) 73,441,400.00 97,527,200.00 83,098,480.00 87,179,000.00 341,246,080.00
93 Exchange rate: 1 Euro = 125 ALL.
PART IV: FINANCIAL RESOURCES
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
40
Tabl
e 2
pres
ents
the
budg
et a
ccor
ding
to th
e so
urce
s of
fund
ing
and
the
finan
cial g
ap fo
r ea
ch o
f the
spe
cific
obje
ctive
s.
Tabl
e 2
Cos
t of i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
act
ion
plan
by
obje
ctive
s 20
19-2
021
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
and
obj
ectiv
es c
over
ed b
y th
e st
rate
gic
docu
men
tTo
tal C
ost
(in A
LL)
Fina
ncin
g so
urce
Fina
ncia
l gap
Com
men
ts o
n ob
ject
ives
with
fina
ncia
l gap
sBu
dget
Don
ors
TOTA
L34
1, 2
46,0
8025
1,32
9,52
02,
760,
000
87,1
56,5
60
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
A: E
nsur
e st
rate
gic g
over
nanc
e of
m
igrat
ion
in A
lban
ia20
,253
,000
10,3
83,0
0030
0,00
09,
570,
0000
A.1
Alig
n na
tiona
l leg
al fr
amew
ork
with
EU
and
in
tern
atio
nal f
ram
ewor
k on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
1,10
0,10
080
0,00
00
300,
000
An
inde
pend
ent
asse
ssm
ent
of
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
con
vent
ions
is p
lanne
d;
coul
d be
fund
ed b
y do
nors
A.2
Enh
ance
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
for
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
14,1
10,0
004,
840,
000
09,
270,
000
New
M
igran
t D
ata
Man
agem
ent
Proj
ect;
Add
ition
al st
aff
requ
ired
for
the
stra
tegy
m
onito
ring
sect
ion;
con
sulta
ncy
for
wor
ksho
p an
d de
sign
of tr
ainin
g m
odul
es
A.3
Impr
ove
coor
dina
tion
mec
hani
sms
for
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
2,
010,
000
1,71
0,00
030
0,00
00
A.4
Enh
ance
par
tner
ship
s fo
r m
igrat
ion
gove
rnan
ce3,
033,
000
3,03
3,00
00
0
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
B: E
ffect
ively
add
ress
irre
gular
m
ovem
ents
at t
he c
ount
ry’s
bord
ers
and
with
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f Alb
ania
203,
427,
520
161,
127,
520
042
,300
,000
B.1
Effec
tivel
y ad
dres
s irr
egul
ar m
ovem
ents
at t
he
coun
try’s
bor
ders
and
with
in te
rrito
ry o
f Alb
ania
110,
304,
000
110,
304,
000
00
B.2
Impr
ove
effec
tiven
ess
of r
etur
n m
echa
nism
s fo
r fo
reign
citi
zens
3,40
0,00
03,
400,
000
00
B.3
Efficie
ntly
res
pond
to ir
regu
lar m
igrat
ion
of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
in E
U m
embe
r st
ates
67,8
46,0
0039
,046
,000
028
,800
,000
B.4
Man
agem
ent o
f mix
ed m
igrat
ion
flow
s21
,877
,520
8,37
7,52
00
13,5
00,0
00Pr
ojec
t to
inc
reas
e ac
com
mod
atio
n ca
pacit
ies
for
migr
ants
(202
0)
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
41
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ives
and
obj
ectiv
es c
over
ed b
y th
e st
rate
gic
docu
men
tTo
tal C
ost
(in A
LL)
Fina
ncin
g so
urce
Fina
ncia
l gap
Com
men
ts o
n ob
ject
ives
with
fina
ncia
l gap
sBu
dget
Don
ors
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
C: D
evel
op a
n eff
ectiv
e lab
our
migr
atio
n po
licy
whi
le e
nhan
cing
the
posit
ive im
pact
of
migr
atio
n in
the
natio
nal/l
ocal
socio
econ
omic
deve
lopm
ent o
f the
cou
ntry
74,6
64,0
0053
,304
,000
2,16
0,00
19,2
00,0
00
C.1
Ens
ure
an e
ffect
ive la
bour
migr
atio
n po
licy
fram
ewor
k41
,358
,000
38,9
58,0
000
2,40
0,00
0N
eeds
ass
essm
ent
C.2
Fac
ilitat
e se
ason
al an
d cir
cular
migr
atio
n fo
r A
lban
ian c
itize
ns21
,561
,000
6,96
1,00
00
14,6
00,0
00Ev
aluat
ion;
bu
sines
s su
ppor
t sc
hem
e,
new
pr
ojec
t in
2020
C.3
Max
imise
the
impa
ct o
f migr
atio
n to
the
natio
nal
and
loca
l dev
elop
men
t11
,745
,000
7,38
5,00
02,
160,
000
2,20
0,00
0Su
rvey
, con
sulta
tions
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
D: P
rom
ote
and
prot
ect
migr
ants
’ righ
ts a
nd th
eir
inte
grat
ion
42,9
01,5
6026
,515
,000
300,
000
16,0
86,5
60
D.1
Ens
ure
that
a c
ompr
ehen
sive
non-
disc
rimin
atio
n fr
amew
ork
effec
tivel
y pr
otec
ts m
igran
ts’ r
ights
13,3
35,9
605,
549,
400
07,
786,
5000
The
gap
main
ly
for
info
rmat
ion
cam
paign
s; cr
eatio
n of
a u
nit
at t
he L
abou
r In
spec
tora
te
(202
1-20
22)
D.2
Iden
tify
migr
ants
as
a vu
lner
able
cat
egor
y in
pr
ogra
mm
ing
and
deliv
erin
g as
sista
nce
6,77
2,00
06,
772,
000
00
D.3
Impr
ove
cond
ition
s of
migr
ants
’ soc
ioec
onom
ic an
d cu
ltura
l int
egra
tion
(bot
h fo
r A
lban
ian a
nd
fore
ign c
itize
ns)
14,4
79,6
006,
179,
600
08,
300,
000
Pilo
t pr
ogra
m
for
inte
grat
ion
of
vuln
erab
le
cate
gorie
s of
fore
ign c
itize
ns
D.4
Pro
vide
dura
ble
lega
l sol
utio
ns fo
r m
igran
ts8,
314,
000
8,01
4,00
030
0,00
00
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
42
A dual monitoring system will be established covering both the attainment of particular objectives of the Strategy and the overall improvement the coordination of activities. This chapter outlines the institutional and operational framework required for the effective monitoring of the implementation of the Strategy.
The progress towards achieving the objectives of the Strategy will be primarily measured against a set of indicators, tied to specific objectives and measures, as defined in the Action Plan. Government institutions shall be assigned the responsibility to monitor the implementation of specific measures unless otherwise specified94. The lead institution will define detailed sub-indicators, establish the format and procedures for reporting, and maintain regular communication with all responsible agencies. A focal point at the lead institution will be tasked with the preparation of regular reports using standard data collected from the agencies and institutions on a quarterly basis.
The Technical Secretariat on Migration will be established as a horizontal body at the Ministry of Interior’s Emigration Section. Its main task will be to ensure that monitoring of the substantive progress covers all the pillars of the Strategy and its Action Plan, that it is comprehensive and up to date relying on current and standard information. The Secretariat will coordinate the monitoring activities of all lead agencies by collecting quarterly reports for the purpose of harmonisation, identification of data gaps and trend analysis. The unit will introduce a calendar with dates when reports are due for submission, and will provide technical assistance to focal points, clarifying any methodology queries. The Secretariat will integrate the inputs from lead agencies into a semi-annual progress report on the implementation of the Strategy and Action Plan that will be submitted to a Technical Committee on Migration led by the Deputy Minister of Interior and composed of Heads of Departments of each ministry/institution assigned with the responsibility of implementing the Strategy and Action Plan on Migration. The report will include detailed recommendations and will address emerging issues in implementation of specific measures. The Technical Committee will commission the Technical Secretariat to coordinate activities so as to prepare a comprehensive draft annual report, covering all the measures set out in the Strategy and the Action Plan, and providing diagnosis of emerging issues and recommendations for remedial actions. The report will be submitted to the Steering Group for review purposes.
The Steering Group on Migration will be established as a consultative body to oversee the overall progress made in attaining strategic migration policy objectives and in improving coordination mechanisms. The Steering Group will include deputy ministers, representing institutions involved in the implementation of the Strategy. The Group will convene at least once a year to approve the general directions of the activities of the Strategy, to propose changes to the schedule of activities and to elaborate specific proposals on revising the scope of existing measures as well as adopting additional ones. The Steering Group will take into account changing migration trends, the state of the budget and the impact of other government strategies. The Steering Group may submit to the Council of Ministers specific recommendations that come out of its meetings.
At least twice a year, meetings will take place with civil society representatives and other migration stakeholders to review progress and strengthen cooperation among government and non-government institutions for the implementation of the strategy.
Mid- term review of the Action Plan
The implementation period for the Strategy and Action Plan will be 2019-2022. Following the completion of the first two years of implementation, a mid-term review of the Action Plan may also be envisioned to take stock of migration trends and to adjust budgetary planning with the mid-term planning of the Government. The work for the mid-term review will be led by the Technical Committee. The approval procedure for the revised Action Plan will be carried out as provided for by the legislation, and as applied in the launch of this Strategy and Action Plan. The mid- term review will also allow for at least one comprehensive round of consultations with civil society and other stakeholders in the field of migration.
94 In some cases, non-governmental institutions such as the Ombudsperson’s Office will take the lead in the implementation of certain measures.
PART V: ACCOUNTABILITY AND MONITORING
ACTION PLAN ON THE NATIONAL STRATEGY ON MIGRATION
2019 – 2022
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
44
List of acronyms
ADISA Agency for the Delivery of Integrated Services
AIDA Albanian Investment Development Agency
ASP Albanian State Police
ASPA Albanian School of Public Administration
AVR Assisted Voluntary Return
BoA Bank of Albania
DPA Department of Public Administration
DBM Department of Border and Migration
EUD European Union Delegation in Albania
IWG Inter-Institutional Working Group
INSTAT Institute of Statistics
IOM International Organization for Migration
ISI Institute of Social Insurances
MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
MC Migration Counter
MoESY Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth
MoFE Ministry of Finance and Economy
MoHSP Ministry of Health and Social Protection
MoI Ministry of Interior
MoJ Ministry of Justice
MEFA Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs
MTE Ministry of Tourism and Environment
NAD National Agency of Diaspora
NES National Employment Service
RCC Regional Cooperation Council
SMD State Minister for Diaspora
UAM Unaccompanied Minor
WHO World Health Organisation
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
45
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
A1
Alig
n na
tiona
l leg
al fr
amew
ork
with
EU
and
in
tern
atio
nal f
ram
ewor
k on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
A1.
1 En
sure
the
syst
emat
ic ad
optio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of
inte
rnat
iona
l nor
ms
and
stan
dard
s in
the
field
of m
igrat
ion,
inclu
ding
te
rmin
olog
ya.
Und
erta
ke a
lega
l rev
iew
of t
he
Alb
anian
legis
latio
n to
iden
tify
gaps
w
ith E
U a
nd in
tern
atio
nal l
egisl
atio
n in
th
e fie
ld o
f migr
atio
n as
to th
e sc
ope,
pr
oced
ural
guar
ante
es a
nd s
afeg
uard
s of
migr
ants
’ righ
ts, i
nclu
ding
use
of k
ey
inte
rnat
iona
l ter
min
olog
y
2019
800,
000
MoI
MEF
AM
oFE
MoH
SPM
oESY
SMD
MoJ
IOM
EUD
A c
ompr
ehen
sive
lega
l re
view
of A
lban
ian m
igrat
ion
legis
latio
n is
avail
able
, hi
ghlig
htin
g ga
ps in
alig
nmen
t w
ith th
e EU
acq
uis
and
inte
rnat
iona
l leg
islat
ion,
alo
ng
with
rec
omm
enda
tions
for
lega
l cha
nges
Num
ber
of le
gal c
hang
es
adop
ted
each
yea
r to
ens
ure
Alb
ania’
s co
mm
itmen
ts
deriv
ing
from
sign
ed
and
ratifi
ed in
tern
atio
nal
conv
entio
ns a
nd th
e EU
ac
quis
are
fully
refl
ecte
d in
th
e na
tiona
l leg
al fr
amew
ork
b. A
sses
s th
e le
vel o
f im
plem
enta
tion
of r
atifi
ed c
onve
ntio
ns a
nd it
s im
pact
on
migr
ants
’ acc
ess
to r
ights
so
as to
id
entif
y m
echa
nism
s th
at w
ould
fost
er
thei
r eff
ectiv
e im
plem
enta
tion
2020
300,
000
MoI
MoF
EM
oHSP
Om
buds
man
IO
M
An
in-d
epth
ass
essm
ent
is un
dert
aken
of t
he
impl
emen
tatio
n ra
te
of r
atifi
ed c
onve
ntio
ns
and
impa
ct o
n m
igran
ts’
acce
ss to
righ
ts, a
long
w
ith th
e id
entifi
catio
n of
m
echa
nism
s th
at fo
ster
thei
r im
plem
enta
tion
Num
ber
of
reco
mm
enda
tions
/m
echa
nism
s id
entifi
ed
to im
prov
e th
e eff
ectiv
e im
plem
enta
tion
of r
atifi
ed
conv
entio
ns
c. C
ontin
ue to
und
erta
ke r
egul
ar
revie
ws
of th
e im
pact
of m
ain le
gal
acts
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
(Law
on
Alie
ns, L
aw o
n Em
igrat
ion
for
Labo
ur P
urpo
ses,
Law
on
Dia
spor
a,
Law
on
Asy
lum
) to
reve
al th
e ne
ed
to a
men
d sp
ecifi
c cla
uses
in o
rder
to
the
incr
ease
effe
ctive
ness
of l
egal
mea
sure
s
1st r
evie
w
by e
nd o
f 20
20Ev
ery
thre
e ye
ars
in
cont
inui
ty
0.00
MoI
MoF
EM
EFA
MoH
SPSM
DM
oESY
MoJ
IOM
Revie
ws
on th
e im
pact
of
main
lega
l act
s on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
are
car
ried
out
ever
y th
ree
year
s
Num
ber
of s
pecifi
c le
gal
chan
ges
adop
ted
in li
ne
with
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
th
is A
ctio
n Pl
an, t
here
fore
en
surin
g a
high
er r
ate
of e
ffect
ivene
ss o
n th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e le
gal
fram
ewor
k on
migr
atio
n
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
46
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
A2
Enha
nce
inst
itutio
nal
capa
citie
s fo
r m
igrat
ion
gove
rnan
ce
A2.
1 C
lear
ly d
efine
com
pete
nces
of k
ey
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Alb
ania
inst
itutio
ns
& a
genc
ies
and
iden
tify
thei
r ca
pacit
ies
for
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
a. U
nder
take
an
in-d
epth
ass
essm
ent
of in
stitu
tiona
l cap
aciti
es fo
r eff
ectiv
e m
igrat
ion
gove
rnan
ce a
t var
ious
m
anag
emen
t lev
els
in a
ll re
lated
in
stitu
tions
2020
450,
000
MoI
DPA
In-d
epth
ass
essm
ent o
f G
over
nmen
t of A
lban
ia offi
cials’
cap
aciti
es fo
r eff
ectiv
e m
igrat
ion
gove
rnan
ce u
nder
take
n an
d re
leva
nt r
ecom
men
datio
ns
draf
ted
acco
rdin
gly
Spec
ific
need
s fo
r st
reng
then
ing
inst
itutio
nal
capa
citie
s id
entifi
ed a
nd
appr
opria
te o
rgan
isatio
nal
chan
ges
impl
emen
ted
b. D
evel
op a
hol
istic
train
ing
prog
ram
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
for
gove
rnm
ent a
utho
ritie
s; ali
gn e
xist
ing
train
ing
mod
ules
with
this
prog
ram
.A
SPA
to u
nder
take
a tr
ainin
g of
tr
ainer
s on
the
train
ing
prog
ram
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
.
2020
-2
022
1,50
0,00
0M
oIA
SPA
Scho
ol o
f M
agist
rate
s IO
MEU
D
A n
atio
nal t
rain
ing
prog
ram
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
for
gove
rnm
ent a
utho
ritie
s is
deve
lope
d an
d ap
prov
ed
Exist
ence
of t
he tr
ainin
g pr
ogra
mm
e its
elf;
num
ber
of
train
ing
mod
ules
dev
elop
ed
and
align
ed w
ith th
is na
tiona
l pr
ogra
mm
e; n
umbe
r of
G
over
nmen
t of A
lban
ia offi
cials
train
ed e
very
yea
r on
by
this
prog
ram
me;
Num
ber
of tr
ainer
s en
gage
d an
d de
liver
ing
train
ing
cour
ses
c. R
evie
w a
nd in
stitu
tiona
lise
the
func
tions
(inc
ludi
ng o
n re
inte
grat
ion)
of
Migr
atio
n C
ount
ers
with
in th
e N
atio
nal E
mpl
oym
ent S
ervic
e
2020
190,
000
MoF
EN
ES/M
FEA
DIS
AFu
nctio
n of
Migr
atio
n C
ount
ers
form
alise
d an
d em
bedd
ed in
the
NES
op
erat
iona
l fra
mew
ork;
th
e fu
nctio
n of
Migr
atio
n C
ount
ers
is ali
gned
to o
ther
pu
blic
serv
ices
Num
ber
of s
taff
alloc
ated
fo
r ea
ch M
C w
ith c
lear
te
rms
of r
efer
ence
; num
ber
of m
igran
ts r
efer
red
from
M
igrat
ion
Cou
nter
s to
oth
er
publ
ic se
rvice
s at
the
natio
nal
and
loca
l lev
el
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
47
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. S
tren
gthe
n th
e ca
pacit
ies
of M
igrat
ion
Sect
or w
ithin
MoI
to c
arry
our
fu
nctio
ns r
elat
ed to
the
mon
itorin
g of
th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e N
atio
nal
Stra
tegy
on
Migr
atio
n
2019
6,72
0,00
0M
oIIO
MA
SPA
New
sta
ff re
crui
ted
in th
e M
igrat
ion
Sect
ion
of th
e M
inist
ry o
f Int
erio
r an
d tr
ained
on
how
to m
onito
r th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of
the
Nat
iona
l Str
ateg
y on
M
igrat
ion
Num
ber
of s
taff
recr
uite
d in
the
MoI
’s M
igrat
ion
Sect
ion;
num
ber
of s
taff
train
ed o
n m
onito
ring
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
th
e N
atio
nal S
trat
egy
on
Migr
atio
nN
umbe
r of
mon
itorin
g re
port
s pr
epar
ed o
n th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e St
rate
gy o
n M
igrat
ion
A2.
2 Im
prov
e m
igrat
ion
data
col
lect
ion,
an
alysis
and
sha
ring
a.
Impr
ove
data
man
agem
ent o
n m
igran
ts th
roug
h ac
cess
to a
com
mon
in
form
atio
n m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
2020
1,00
0,00
0D
BM/M
oIIN
STAT
EUD
Form
al in
ter-
agen
cy
agre
emen
ts c
onclu
ded/
amen
ded
sett
ing
term
s of
acc
ess
to a
com
mon
in
form
atio
n m
anag
emen
t sy
stem
Num
ber
of in
ter-
agen
cy
agre
emen
ts o
n ac
cess
to
a co
mm
on in
form
atio
n m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
b. Id
entif
y ga
ps/d
ifficu
lties
in
adm
inist
rativ
e da
ta c
olle
ctio
n on
m
igrat
ion
and
elab
orat
ion
of a
new
st
anda
rd m
odel
for
thei
r co
llect
ion
2019
300,
000
INST
ATIO
MEU
DA
gap
ass
essm
ent r
epor
t on
adm
inist
rativ
e da
ta c
olle
ctio
n in
the
field
of m
igrat
ion
com
plet
ed a
nd fi
ndin
gs
shar
ed w
ith a
ll lin
e m
inist
ries
resp
onsib
le fo
r m
anag
ing
migr
atio
n in
the
coun
try
A n
ew s
tand
ard
tem
plat
e fo
r th
e co
llect
ion
of
adm
inist
rativ
e m
igrat
ion
data
de
velo
ped
and
used
by
each
na
tiona
l ins
titut
ion
c. E
nhan
ce th
e in
stitu
tiona
l cap
aciti
es fo
r th
e co
llect
ion
of a
dmin
istra
tive
data
an
d fo
r re
sear
ch o
n th
e sit
uatio
n of
m
igran
ts in
Alb
ania
2020
-20
2260
0,00
0A
SPA
INST
ATM
oIIO
MEU
D
Offi
cials
from
var
ious
G
over
nmen
t of A
lban
ia in
stitu
tions
train
ed o
n m
igrat
ion
data
Num
ber
of G
over
nmen
t of
Alb
ania
officia
ls tr
ained
on
migr
atio
n da
ta c
olle
ctio
n,
analy
sis a
nd
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
48
1 Th
e St
ate
Min
ister
for
Dia
spor
a an
d IO
M a
re c
urre
ntly
pre
parin
g a
socio
econ
omic
migr
atio
n pr
ofile
of t
he A
lban
ian c
omm
unity
in It
aly.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
thro
ugh
train
ing
sess
ions
, inc
ludi
ng o
n th
e jo
b tr
ainin
g, s
tudy
visi
ts, e
tc.
colle
ctio
n, a
naly
sis a
nd
shar
ing
shar
ing;
shar
e of
male
/fem
ale
officia
ls tr
ained
eac
h ye
ar;
num
ber o
f offi
cial p
ublic
atio
ns
on m
igrat
ion
issue
d ea
ch y
ear
d. E
nhan
ce th
e in
stitu
tiona
l cap
aciti
es
need
ed to
eng
age
in r
egul
ar d
ata
exch
ange
on
migr
atio
n w
ith r
elev
ant
auth
oriti
es in
des
tinat
ion
coun
trie
s in
cludi
ng b
ut n
ot li
mite
d to
Sta
tistic
al O
ffice
s, Bo
rder
Aut
horit
ies,
etc.
2020
-20
2275
0,00
0A
ll lin
e M
inist
ries
INST
ATSt
anda
rd p
roce
dure
s el
abor
ated
for
regu
lar d
ata
exch
ange
s w
ith in
tern
atio
nal
coun
terp
arts
at r
elev
ant
Alb
anian
inst
itutio
ns
Num
ber
of m
igrat
ion
data
ex
chan
ges
carr
ied
out
annu
ally;
vol
ume
of d
ata
exch
ange
d.
e. U
nder
take
a th
orou
gh a
naly
sis o
f the
Re
gistr
y of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
abr
oad
to e
stab
lish
a ba
sic p
rofil
e, in
cludi
ng
geog
raph
ical l
ocat
ion,
age
, sex
; thi
s w
ill he
lp d
evel
op fu
ture
pol
icies
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
, suc
h as
out
-of-
coun
try
votin
g, e
tc.1
The
first
re
view
in
2020
and
an
nual
upda
tes
500,
000
MoI
INST
ATM
oIN
AD
/SM
D
An
in-d
epth
ana
lysis
of t
he
Regis
try
of A
lban
ian C
itize
ns
abro
ad is
car
ried
out;
a so
cioec
onom
ic pr
ofile
of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
in e
ach
coun
try
deve
lope
d
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e so
cioec
onom
ic pr
ofile
of
Alb
anian
com
mun
ities
ab
road
is u
tilise
d to
adv
ance
na
tiona
l pol
icies
in th
e fie
ld
of m
igrat
ion
f. D
evel
op a
met
hodo
logy
for
data
co
llect
ion
and
mon
itorin
g of
bot
h ou
tflow
s of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
and
thei
r re
turn
to A
lban
ia as
wel
l as
on in
flow
s of
migr
ants
, and
on
the
pres
ence
of
migr
ants
in e
very
sec
tor
and
regio
n so
as
to p
rodu
ce r
egul
arly
upd
ated
st
atist
ics c
over
ing
a va
riety
of i
ssue
s su
ch a
s em
ploy
men
t, he
alth,
edu
catio
n,
crim
e, e
tc.
2020
-2
022
2,10
0,00
0IN
STAT
MoI
IOM
INST
AT h
as d
evel
oped
th
e m
etho
dolo
gy fo
r da
ta
colle
ctio
n an
d ap
plie
s it.
Num
ber
of p
erio
dic
publ
icatio
ns fo
cuse
d on
th
e sc
ale, c
ompo
sitio
n an
d so
cioec
onom
ic po
sitio
n of
m
igran
ts o
ut o
f and
into
A
lban
iaFr
eque
ncy
of u
pdat
es o
f the
re
gular
ly c
olle
cted
migr
atio
n da
ta o
n IN
STAT
and
MoI
w
ebsit
es
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
49
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
A3
Impr
ove
coor
dina
tion
mec
hani
sms
for
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
A3.
1 Im
prov
e ho
rizon
tal a
nd v
ertic
al co
here
nce
thro
ugh
enha
nced
op
erat
iona
l and
str
ateg
ic co
-or
dina
tion
a. C
arry
out
a r
evie
w o
f the
act
ivitie
s of
loca
l gov
ernm
ent s
truc
ture
s in
im
plem
entin
g m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
and
legis
latio
n an
d in
pro
vidin
g as
sista
nce
to m
igran
ts; p
ropo
se e
nhan
ced
coor
dina
tion
mec
hani
sms
betw
een
cent
ral a
nd lo
cal g
over
nmen
t
2019
342,
000
MoI
All
line
Min
istrie
sM
unici
palit
ies
Com
mun
esC
ivil S
ocie
ty
acto
rs
A r
evie
w o
f the
act
ivitie
s of
lo
cal G
over
nmen
t str
uctu
res
in im
plem
entin
g m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
and
legis
latio
n an
d in
pro
vidin
g as
sista
nce
to
migr
ants
is c
arrie
d ou
t, an
d it
is ac
com
pani
ed b
y co
ncre
te
reco
mm
enda
tions
so
as
to e
nhan
ce c
oord
inat
ion
betw
een
cent
ral a
nd lo
cal
gove
rnm
ent
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e re
com
men
datio
ns o
f the
re
view
are
tran
slate
d in
to
spec
ific
actio
ns fo
r im
prov
ed
coor
dina
tion
betw
een
cent
ral a
nd lo
cal g
over
nmen
t, alo
ng c
lear
ly d
ivide
d ro
les
b. C
arry
out
an
analy
sis to
iden
tify
poss
ible
gap
s in
inst
itutio
nal
coor
dina
tion
at th
e ho
rizon
tal a
nd
vert
ical l
evel
s, in
cludi
ng g
aps
in th
e pr
ovisi
on o
f inf
orm
atio
n an
d se
rvice
s to
diff
eren
t cat
egor
ies
of m
igran
ts
due
to in
suffi
cient
ope
ratio
nal
coor
dina
tion
amon
g st
akeh
olde
rs; a
nd
reco
mm
end
chan
ges
in h
ow s
ervic
es
wou
ld b
e be
tter
org
anise
d.
2019
300,
000
MoI
Prim
e M
inist
er’s
Offi
ceIO
M
A g
ap a
naly
sis o
n in
stitu
tiona
l co
ordi
natio
n is
carr
ied
out,
high
light
ing
shor
tcom
ings
in
the
prov
ision
of i
nfor
mat
ion
and
serv
ices
to v
ario
us
cate
gorie
s of
migr
ants
; ac
com
pani
ed b
y a
list o
f ac
tiviti
es to
add
ress
the
shor
tcom
ings
iden
tified
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e re
com
men
datio
ns fr
om th
e an
alysis
are
refl
ecte
d in
the
daily
wor
k of
gov
ernm
ent
inst
itutio
ns a
nd in
the
coor
dina
tion
wor
k th
at ta
kes
plac
e am
ong
them
as
per
the
repo
rtin
g in
the
Stee
ring
Gro
up
c. D
evel
op a
roa
d m
ap to
war
d st
reng
then
ing
inte
r-in
stitu
tiona
l co
ordi
natio
n an
d co
here
nce
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
Mid
202
022
8,00
0M
oIPr
ime
Min
ister
’s O
ffice
IOM
A r
oadm
ap o
n in
ter-
inst
itutio
nal c
oord
inat
ion
and
cohe
renc
e on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
is d
evel
oped
and
its
impl
emen
tatio
n fre
quen
tly
mon
itore
d
Freq
uenc
y of
inte
r-in
stitu
tiona
l mee
tings
to
mon
itor
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
road
map
or
to
addr
ess
spec
ific
coor
dina
tion
issue
s in
the
field
of m
igran
ts
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
50
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
migr
atio
n;
annu
al ch
ange
s to
the
way
se
rvice
s ar
e de
liver
ed to
va
rious
cat
egor
ies
of
d. E
stab
lish
a G
over
nmen
t of A
lban
ia pe
rman
ent h
igh-le
vel c
oord
inat
ion
mec
hani
sm to
facil
itate
bot
h th
e im
plem
enta
tion
and
evalu
atio
n of
this
stra
tegy
and
the
elab
orat
ion
of fu
ture
po
licie
s an
d pr
ogra
mm
atic
resp
onse
s on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
; to
whi
ch
all s
take
hold
ers
wou
ld r
epor
t pe
riodi
cally
In
clude
rep
ortin
g on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Migr
atio
n G
over
nanc
e St
rate
gy in
the
annu
al ca
lend
ar o
f the
Ste
erin
g C
omm
ittee
on
Inte
rnal
Affa
irs
2020
-2
022
1,02
6,00
0Pr
ime
Min
ister
’s O
ffice
MoI
The
Gro
up o
n In
tegr
ated
Pol
icy
Man
agem
ent
A p
erm
anen
t coo
rdin
atio
n m
echa
nism
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
at h
igh le
vels
of
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Alb
ania
is es
tabl
ished
;
Repo
rtin
g on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
Migr
atio
n G
over
nanc
e St
rate
gy
inclu
ded
in th
e an
nual
cale
ndar
of t
he S
teer
ing
Com
mitt
ee o
n In
tern
al A
ffairs
The
num
ber
of m
eetin
gs
held
by
the
perm
anen
t m
echa
nism
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
eve
ry y
ear
and
of th
e St
eerin
g C
omm
ittee
on
Inte
rnal
Affa
irs o
n m
igrat
ion
stra
tegy
;nu
mbe
r of
pol
icy
chan
ges,
lega
l cha
nges
and
pr
ogra
mm
atic
resp
onse
s re
ache
d at
the
mee
tings
of
the
Perm
anen
t Mec
hani
sm
on M
igrat
ion
Gov
erna
nce
e. E
nsur
e ali
gnm
ent o
f the
oth
er fu
ture
se
ctor
al an
d cr
oss-
cutt
ing
stra
tegie
s an
d ac
tion
plan
s w
ith th
e ne
w
Stra
tegy
& A
ctio
n Pl
an o
n M
igrat
ion
Gov
erna
nce,
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt
thei
r sc
ope,
tim
efra
me
and
over
all
appr
oach
on
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
2020
-2
022
114,
000
Each
Min
istry
in
cha
rge
of
impl
emen
ting
spec
ific
area
s of
migr
atio
n m
anag
emen
t
Full
align
men
t of t
he o
ther
fu
ture
sec
tora
l and
cro
ss-
sect
oral
stra
tegie
s/ a
ctio
n pl
ans
with
the
Stra
tegy
&
Act
ion
Plan
on
Migr
atio
n
Regu
lar r
epor
ts s
ubm
itted
to
the
perm
anen
t m
echa
nism
of m
igrat
ion
gove
rnan
ce b
y th
e M
inist
ries
on th
e fo
rmul
atio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of n
ew
sect
oral
and
cros
s se
ctor
al st
rate
gies
that
cov
er
migr
atio
n iss
ues
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
51
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
A4
Enha
nce
part
ners
hips
fo
r m
igrat
ion
gove
rnan
ce
A4.
1 Re
view
exi
stin
g in
stitu
tiona
l pa
rtne
rshi
ps o
n m
igrat
ion
and
form
ulat
e ne
w o
nes
a. A
naly
se th
e sc
ale o
f inv
olve
men
t of
non-
gove
rnm
ent s
take
hold
ers
(civi
l so
ciety
, priv
ate
sect
or, m
igran
ts a
nd
inte
rnat
iona
l par
tner
s) in
the
desig
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
and
prog
ram
mat
ic re
spon
ses;
iden
tify
area
s of
migr
atio
n go
vern
ance
w
here
suc
h pa
rtne
rshi
ps a
re c
rucia
l.
2019
1,00
0,00
0M
oIA
ll lin
e m
inist
ries
resp
onsib
le
for
migr
atio
n m
anag
emen
tRe
pres
enta
tives
of
migr
ant
asso
ciatio
ns, c
ivil
socie
ty
Stat
us o
f Gov
ernm
ent
of A
lban
ia pa
rtne
rshi
ps
with
non
-gov
ernm
ent
stak
ehol
ders
in th
e fie
ld o
f m
igrat
ion
exam
ined
and
ar
eas
of o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
new
par
tner
ship
s id
entifi
ed
Num
ber
of c
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
gs w
ith n
on-
gove
rnm
ent s
take
hold
ers
orga
nise
d; a
reas
of
coop
erat
ion
iden
tified
b. B
ased
on
the
findi
ngs
of th
e ab
ove
analy
sis (p
oint
a),
ente
r in
to
part
ners
hip
agre
emen
ts w
ith n
on-
gove
rnm
ent s
take
hold
ers
in to
en
hanc
e im
plem
enta
tion
of m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
2020
-2
022
228,
000
All
min
istrie
s re
spon
sible
fo
r va
rious
as
pect
s of
m
igrat
ion
man
agem
ent
Inte
rnat
iona
l pa
rtne
rsIO
M
MoI
Part
ners
hip
agre
emen
ts
ente
red
by G
over
nmen
t of
Alb
ania
entit
ies
with
non
-go
vern
men
t sta
keho
lder
s in
th
e fie
ld o
f migr
atio
n
Num
ber
of p
artn
ersh
ip
agre
emen
ts e
nter
ed b
y G
over
nmen
t of A
lban
ia en
titie
s w
ith n
on-
gove
rnm
ent s
take
hold
ers
in
the
field
of m
igrat
ion
each
ye
ar
c. O
rgan
ize a
t lea
st t
wo
mee
tings
per
ye
ar w
ith c
ivil s
ocie
ty a
ctor
s an
d ot
her
migr
atio
n st
akeh
olde
rs to
re
view
pro
gres
s in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Stra
tegy
and
Act
ion
Plan
on
Migr
atio
n G
over
nanc
e, a
nd d
iscus
s ap
prop
riate
form
s of
invo
lving
thes
e ac
tors
in th
e im
plem
enta
tion
phas
e.
2019
-20
2268
0,00
0M
oIA
ll m
inist
ries
and
inst
itutio
ns
resp
onsib
le
for
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Act
ion
Plan
Civi
l soc
iety
ac
tors
Two
mee
tings
with
civi
l so
ciety
act
ors
and
othe
r m
igrat
ion
stak
ehol
ders
or
gani
sed
each
yea
r to
re
view
pro
gres
s in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Stra
tegy
and
Act
ion
Plan
on
Migr
atio
n G
over
nanc
e, a
nd
spec
ific
reco
mm
enda
tions
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e im
plem
entin
g go
vern
men
t en
titie
s in
volve
non
-go
vern
men
t migr
atio
n st
akeh
olde
rs in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
thes
e po
licy
docu
men
ts
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
52
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e A
: Ens
ure
the
stra
tegi
c go
vern
ance
of m
igra
tion
in A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: 1
00%
alig
nmen
t of
nat
iona
l le
gal
fram
ewor
k w
ith t
he E
U a
nd i
nter
natio
nal
fram
ewor
k on
m
igra
tion;
ad
equa
te
staffi
ng
leve
ls
to
ensu
re
effec
tive
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d co
-ord
inat
ion
of m
igra
tion
gove
rnan
ce; n
umbe
r of
new
par
tner
ship
s w
ith p
ublic
and
no
n-pu
blic
act
ors
on g
ood
gove
rnan
ce o
f mig
ratio
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
Oth
er m
igrat
ion
stak
ehol
ders
form
ulat
ed s
o as
to e
nhan
ce
the
invo
lvem
ent o
f non
-go
vern
men
t migr
atio
n st
akeh
olde
rs in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
thes
e po
licy
docu
men
ts
d. U
nder
take
an
asse
ssm
ent o
f the
ag
reem
ents
Alb
ania
has
ente
red
into
fo
r th
e pu
rpos
es o
f reg
iona
l and
in
tern
atio
nal m
igrat
ion
cons
ulta
tive
proc
esse
s an
d bi
later
al co
oper
atio
n to
ass
ess
thei
r im
plem
enta
tion
and
to d
raw
up
impo
rtan
t re
com
men
datio
ns th
at c
ould
gui
de
futu
re im
plem
enta
tion
coop
erat
ion
proc
esse
s
2020
-2
022
1,12
5,00
0M
oIA
ll m
inist
ries
resp
onsib
le fo
r co
nsul
tatio
n w
ork
at th
e re
giona
l and
in
tern
atio
nal l
evel
in
the
field
of
migr
atio
n
Ass
essm
ent o
f the
leve
l of
impl
emen
tatio
n of
A
lban
ia’s
com
mitm
ents
in
the
cont
ext o
f reg
iona
l an
d in
tern
atio
nal m
igrat
ion
cons
ulta
tive
proc
esse
s an
d bi
later
al m
igrat
ion
coop
erat
ion
carr
ied
out;
and
reco
mm
enda
tions
fo
r en
hanc
ing
futu
re
coop
erat
ion
form
ulat
ed
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e re
com
men
datio
ns o
f the
as
sess
men
t car
ried
out a
re
tran
slate
d in
to a
ctio
ns b
y G
over
nmen
t ins
titut
ions
re
spon
sible
for
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
Alb
ania’
s co
mm
itmen
ts in
the
cont
ext
of r
egio
nal a
nd in
tern
atio
nal
migr
atio
n co
nsul
tativ
e pr
oces
ses
and
bilat
eral
coop
erat
ion
on m
igrat
ion
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
53
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
B1Eff
ectiv
ely
addr
ess
irreg
ular
mov
emen
ts a
t A
lban
ia’s
bord
ers
and
with
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f th
e co
untr
y
B1.1
Con
tinuo
us im
prov
emen
t of
infr
astr
uctu
re a
t the
cou
ntry
’s bo
rder
s an
d w
ithin
terr
itory
in
orde
r to
str
engt
hen
migr
atio
n co
ntro
l whi
le s
afeg
uard
ing
migr
ants
’ rig
hts.
a. C
ontin
ue to
mod
erni
se b
orde
r m
anag
emen
t equ
ipm
ent a
nd
infr
astr
uctu
re to
str
engt
hen
bord
er
surv
eilla
nce,
inclu
ding
the
gree
n an
d bl
ue b
orde
rs. I
n pa
rticu
lar, i
ncre
ase
the
dens
ity o
f the
sur
veilla
nce
tow
ers
2020
-2
022
21,0
00,0
00D
BM/M
oIM
oder
n bo
rder
man
agem
ent
equi
pmen
t pur
chas
ed e
ach
year
; su
rvei
llanc
e to
wer
s bu
ilt
Valu
e of
bor
der
man
agem
ent e
quip
men
t pu
rcha
sed
each
yea
r;nu
mbe
r of
migr
ants
ap
preh
ende
d at
Alb
ania’
s bo
rder
s an
d in
side
the
terr
itory
of t
he c
ount
ry
(also
com
pare
d to
the
tota
l vol
ume
of c
ross
-bo
rder
mov
emen
t); s
hare
of
male
/fem
ale m
igran
ts
b. Im
prov
e in
fras
truc
ture
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
to a
dequ
atel
y ad
dres
s sp
ecifi
c ne
eds
of v
ario
us c
ateg
orie
s of
m
igran
ts (c
hild
ren,
the
elde
rly, p
erso
ns
with
disa
bilit
ies,
etc.)
2020
30,0
00,0
00D
BM/M
oIM
oIM
oHSP
IOM
U
NH
CR
OSC
Eet
e.
Scale
of i
nves
tmen
t (bu
dget
) in
bor
der
infr
astr
uctu
re (p
re-
scre
enin
g ar
ea, t
empo
rary
re
cept
ion
area
s, co
mpu
ters
, pr
inte
rs, s
cann
ers,
etc.)
D
BM b
udge
t inc
reas
ed fo
r se
rvice
s de
liver
ed a
t the
bo
rder
Num
ber
of m
igran
ts
acce
ssin
g ba
sic s
ervic
es
at th
e bo
rder
eac
h ye
ar;
shar
e of
male
/fem
ale
migr
ants
ser
ved;
% o
f vu
lner
able
cat
egor
ies
serv
ed;
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
54
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
30%
incr
ease
eac
h ye
ar in
th
e D
BM b
udge
t allo
cate
d fo
r se
rvice
s de
liver
ed a
t bo
rder
cro
ssin
g po
ints
(fo
od, w
ater
, san
itary
, etc
.)
c. G
uara
ntee
the
right
to o
btain
in
form
atio
n on
the
phas
es o
f the
pr
e-sc
reen
ing
proc
ess
and
migr
ants
’ rig
hts
by m
eans
of p
rinte
d m
ater
ials,
e-ap
ps a
nd tr
ansla
tion
serv
ices,
eith
er
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
or
insid
e th
e te
rrito
ry o
f Alb
ania
.
2019
-2
022
800,
000
DBM
/MoI
Om
buds
man
UN
HC
RIO
Met
c.
Leafl
ets/
broc
hure
s on
the
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oces
s an
d m
igran
ts’ r
ights
pro
duce
d an
d di
ssem
inat
ed a
t bor
der
cros
sing
poin
ts e
ach
year
Num
ber
of m
igran
ts
rece
iving
info
rmat
ion
on th
e st
ages
of p
re-
scre
enin
g ev
ery
year
, and
th
eir
right
s ex
plain
ed in
a
langu
age
they
und
erst
and;
sh
are
of m
ale/fe
male
and
vu
lner
able
cat
egor
ies’
num
ber
of tr
ansla
tors
/in
terp
rete
rs e
ngag
ed b
y D
BM e
ach
year
.
B1.2
Ens
ure
efficie
ncy
of th
e bo
rder
gu
ard
staff
a.
Incr
ease
the
num
ber
of p
re-s
cree
ning
offi
cers
ava
ilabl
e at
bor
der
cros
sing
poin
ts o
r in
side
the
terr
itory
of t
he
coun
try
2019
49,9
20,0
00D
BM/M
oIIO
MO
SCE
UN
HC
R
New
pre
-scr
eeni
ng o
ffice
rs
alloc
ated
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
and
insid
e th
e te
rrito
ry w
ith h
igher
ent
ries/
exits
of m
igran
ts; a
vaila
bilit
y of
inte
rpre
tatio
n w
hen
need
ed
Num
ber
of n
ew p
re-
scre
enin
g offi
cers
ap
poin
ted
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
; 60%
re
duct
ion
of th
e w
aitin
g tim
e at
the
bord
er;
redu
ctio
n by
at l
east
50
% o
f cas
es o
f irr
egul
ar
bord
er c
ross
ings
at
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
55
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
sele
cted
bor
der
sect
ions
, id
entifi
ed p
revio
usly
as
high
er-r
isk
b. E
nsur
e ad
equa
te p
lanni
ng o
f hum
an
reso
urce
s at
DBM
in li
ne w
ith a
n an
alysis
of c
hang
ing
tren
ds in
irre
gular
en
try
and
tran
sit, a
nd m
onito
r fu
rthe
r ne
eds
for
reall
ocat
ion,
bas
ed o
n ris
k an
alysis
2019
-2
022
304,
000
DBM
/MoI
Ana
lysis
of c
hang
ing
irreg
ular
m
igrat
ion
tren
ds a
nd r
isks
unde
rtak
en e
ach
mon
th a
nd
bord
er/m
igrat
ion
staff
pol
ice
alloc
ated
acc
ordi
ng to
the
need
s id
entifi
ed;
Redu
ced
time
need
ed
for
the
iden
tifica
tion
and
refe
rral
of im
migr
ants
to
pro
tect
ion
serv
ices
(in to
tal a
nd fo
r ea
ch
cate
gory
of i
mm
igran
t re
ferr
ed to
). de
cline
in
the
incid
ence
of t
he u
se
of fo
rged
doc
umen
ts
in b
orde
r cr
ossin
gs to
1.
001
case
s pe
r 10
0,00
0 in
divid
uals
c. S
tren
gthe
n ca
pacit
ies
and
prof
essio
nal
perf
orm
ance
of b
orde
r m
anag
emen
t pe
rson
nel b
y en
hanc
ing
thei
r tr
ainin
g an
d en
surin
g th
at it
follo
ws
good
pr
actic
es a
nd E
urop
ean
stan
dard
s of
bo
rder
and
migr
atio
n m
anag
emen
t an
d pr
otec
tion
of m
igran
ts’ r
ights
2020
1,80
0,00
0D
BM/M
oIIO
MEU
DBo
rder
man
agem
ent
pers
onne
l tra
ined
acc
ordi
ng
to E
urop
ean
stan
dard
s in
par
ticul
ar w
ith r
egar
d to
det
ectio
n of
forg
ed
docu
men
ts
80%
of D
BM s
taff
train
ed
scor
e hi
gher
than
85%
in
the
post
-tra
inin
g ev
aluat
ion;
re
sults
of f
ollo
w-u
p ev
aluat
ions
of e
ffect
ivene
ss
of tr
ainin
g an
d in
clusio
n of
sta
ndar
d in
terv
iew
ing
tech
niqu
es a
nd r
efer
ral
oper
atio
nal p
roce
dure
s
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
56
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. In
crea
se th
e co
vera
ge o
f the
spe
cific
need
s of
par
ticul
arly
vul
nera
ble
pers
ons2 i
n th
e tr
ainin
g cu
rricu
la an
d on
-the
-job
coac
hing
pro
gram
mes
pr
ovid
ed to
bor
der
guar
ds (i
nclu
ding
pr
e-sc
reen
ing
proc
edur
es, i
nter
view
te
chni
ques
, ide
ntifi
catio
n an
d re
ferr
al of
vul
nera
ble
case
s to
pro
tect
ion
serv
ices,
inte
rcul
tura
l asp
ects
of
com
mun
icatio
n w
ith p
erso
ns w
ith
spec
ial n
eeds
)
2019
-2
022
152,
000
DBM
/MoI
Polic
e A
cade
my
Num
ber
of D
BM s
taff
train
ed e
ach
year
; % o
f D
BM’s
annu
al bu
dget
all
ocat
ed to
train
ing
of s
taff
on p
re-s
cree
ning
pro
cedu
res
Num
ber
of D
BM s
taff
train
ed e
ach
year
; %
allo
catio
n of
sta
ff tr
ainin
g on
pre
-scr
eeni
ng
in th
e D
BM’s
annu
al bu
dget
e. Id
entif
y w
orki
ng p
ract
ices
of
succ
essfu
l bor
der
cont
rol c
oope
ratio
n (jo
int c
ontr
ols,
liaiso
n offi
cers
, in
form
atio
n ex
chan
ge) a
t sel
ecte
d se
ctio
ns o
f the
bor
der,
adap
t and
tr
ansfe
r th
em to
the
entir
e pe
rimet
er.
2020
-2
022
228,
000
DBM
/MoI
Regu
lar a
naly
sis o
f suc
cess
ful
bord
er c
ontr
ol o
pera
tions
ca
rrie
d ou
t at s
enio
r m
anag
emen
t lev
els
and
tran
smitt
ed to
all
DBM
sta
ff
Tota
l num
ber
of D
BM
staff
invo
lved
annu
ally
in b
orde
r co
ntro
l co
oper
atio
n an
d nu
mbe
r of
join
t ope
ratio
ns p
er
year
.
B1.3
Ent
ry a
nd s
tay
proc
edur
es s
ervin
g as
effe
ctive
inst
rum
ents
for
the
prev
entio
n an
d re
duct
ion
of
irreg
ular
migr
atio
n
2 In
com
plian
ce w
ith th
e St
anda
rd O
pera
ting
Proc
edur
es fo
r th
e pr
otec
tion
of v
ictim
s and
pot
entia
l vic
tims o
f tra
ffick
ing
whi
ch w
ere
appr
oved
by
Dec
ision
of t
he C
ounc
il of
Min
ister
s of 2
9 A
ugus
t 201
8. T
he a
im o
f the
se p
roce
dure
s is t
wof
old:
a) t
o pr
ovid
e pr
otec
tion
to v
ictim
s an
d po
tent
ial v
ictim
s, in
cludi
ng m
inor
s, A
lban
ian c
itize
ns, f
orei
gner
s, an
d st
atel
ess
pers
ons,
from
all
form
s of
inte
rnal
or in
tern
atio
nal e
xplo
itatio
n, a
nd b
) to
envis
ion
spec
ialise
d se
ctor
al an
d m
ultid
iscip
linar
y in
terv
entio
ns to
ens
ure
thei
r re
inte
grat
ion.
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
57
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. In
crea
se th
e co
vera
ge o
f the
spe
cific
need
s of
par
ticul
arly
vul
nera
ble
pers
ons2 i
n th
e tr
ainin
g cu
rricu
la an
d on
-the
-job
coac
hing
pro
gram
mes
pr
ovid
ed to
bor
der
guar
ds (i
nclu
ding
pr
e-sc
reen
ing
proc
edur
es, i
nter
view
te
chni
ques
, ide
ntifi
catio
n an
d re
ferr
al of
vul
nera
ble
case
s to
pro
tect
ion
serv
ices,
inte
rcul
tura
l asp
ects
of
com
mun
icatio
n w
ith p
erso
ns w
ith
spec
ial n
eeds
)
2019
-2
022
152,
000
DBM
/MoI
Polic
e A
cade
my
Num
ber
of D
BM s
taff
train
ed e
ach
year
; % o
f D
BM’s
annu
al bu
dget
all
ocat
ed to
train
ing
of s
taff
on p
re-s
cree
ning
pro
cedu
res
Num
ber
of D
BM s
taff
train
ed e
ach
year
; %
allo
catio
n of
sta
ff tr
ainin
g on
pre
-scr
eeni
ng
in th
e D
BM’s
annu
al bu
dget
e. Id
entif
y w
orki
ng p
ract
ices
of
succ
essfu
l bor
der
cont
rol c
oope
ratio
n (jo
int c
ontr
ols,
liaiso
n offi
cers
, in
form
atio
n ex
chan
ge) a
t sel
ecte
d se
ctio
ns o
f the
bor
der,
adap
t and
tr
ansfe
r th
em to
the
entir
e pe
rimet
er.
2020
-2
022
228,
000
DBM
/MoI
Regu
lar a
naly
sis o
f suc
cess
ful
bord
er c
ontr
ol o
pera
tions
ca
rrie
d ou
t at s
enio
r m
anag
emen
t lev
els
and
tran
smitt
ed to
all
DBM
sta
ff
Tota
l num
ber
of D
BM
staff
invo
lved
annu
ally
in b
orde
r co
ntro
l co
oper
atio
n an
d nu
mbe
r of
join
t ope
ratio
ns p
er
year
.
B1.3
Ent
ry a
nd s
tay
proc
edur
es s
ervin
g as
effe
ctive
inst
rum
ents
for
the
prev
entio
n an
d re
duct
ion
of
irreg
ular
migr
atio
n
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
a. R
egul
arly
mon
itor
the
effec
tiven
ess
of
stan
dard
pro
cedu
res
in p
lace
for
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
purp
ose
of e
ntry
an
d st
ay a
t all
stag
es (v
isa a
pplic
atio
n,
cons
ular
inte
rvie
w, i
nter
view
by
bord
er g
uard
s)
2020
114,
000
MEF
AD
BM/M
oIM
onito
ring
repo
rts
on th
e sc
ale o
f mism
atch
bet
wee
n de
clare
d an
d ac
tual
purp
ose
of tr
avel
pre
pare
d on
the
basis
of d
ata
colle
cted
from
bo
rder
cro
ssin
g po
ints
Num
ber
of m
onito
ring
repo
rts
clear
ly in
dica
ting
the
mism
atch
bet
wee
n de
clare
d an
d ac
tual
purp
ose
of tr
avel
col
lect
ed
from
bor
der
cros
sing
poin
ts
b. E
nhan
ce th
e us
e of
dat
abas
es, i
n pa
rticu
lar th
e E-
visa
and
E-pe
rmiss
ion
mod
ules
in F
ER a
nd T
IMS
syst
ems
by
train
ing
cons
ular
and
bor
der
staff
in
met
hods
of v
erifi
catio
n of
the
lega
lity
of s
tay,
purp
ose
of e
ntry
and
sta
y of
fore
ign c
itize
ns in
the
terr
itory
of
Alb
ania
2020
228,
000
MEF
AD
BM/M
oIC
onsu
lar s
taff
and
bord
er
guar
ds tr
ained
on
met
hods
of
ver
ifica
tion
durin
g pe
rson
al in
terv
iew
s
Num
ber
of d
enial
s of
visa
ap
plica
tions
and
ent
ry
(acc
ordi
ng to
gro
unds
)
c. S
et u
p da
taba
ses
of h
igher
-risk
and
tr
ustw
orth
y vis
a ap
plica
nts
and
diffe
rent
iate
verifi
catio
n pr
oced
ures
fo
r ap
plica
nts
base
d on
thei
r ap
plica
tion
and
migr
atio
n hi
stor
y;
deve
lop
stan
dard
set
s of
add
ition
al in
-dep
th q
uest
ions
to b
e as
ked
at p
erso
nal i
nter
view
s an
d lis
ts o
f su
pple
men
tary
doc
umen
ts r
equi
red
from
high
er-r
isk a
pplic
ants
2020
342,
000
MEF
AD
BM/M
oID
atab
ases
of h
igher
-risk
and
tr
ustw
orth
y vis
a ap
plica
nts
esta
blish
ed a
nd u
sed
to
diffe
rent
iate
verifi
catio
n pr
oced
ures
for
visa
appl
icant
s A
spe
cific
inte
rvie
w p
roto
col
for
high
er-r
isk a
pplic
ants
de
velo
ped
and
used
Num
ber
of c
onsu
lar s
taff
and
bord
er g
uard
s tr
ained
on
ver
ifica
tion
met
hods
du
ring
pers
onal
inte
rvie
ws;
shar
e of
male
/fem
ale
part
icipa
nts
Shor
teni
ng th
e pr
oces
sing
time
and
verifi
catio
n pr
oced
ure
for
visa
appl
icant
s in
gen
eral
and
for
the
cate
gory
of
trus
twor
thy
appl
icant
s in
pa
rticu
lar
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
58
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. E
nsur
e fu
rthe
r ali
gnm
ent w
ith th
e EU
lis
t of v
isa r
equi
rem
ents
2019
-202
2N
o co
stD
BM/M
oIFu
ll ali
gnm
ent w
ith th
e EU
list
of
visa
req
uire
men
tsId
entifi
catio
n of
gap
s in
the
list o
f visa
re
quire
men
ts th
roug
h re
gular
rev
iew
B1.4
Min
imise
cas
es o
f irr
egul
ar s
tay
and
tran
sit b
y ch
ecki
ng o
n th
e le
galit
y of
sta
y, ta
king
mea
sure
s w
hen
violat
ion
of le
galit
y of
sta
y ha
s be
en
prov
ed a
nd b
y pr
ovid
ing
migr
ants
in
form
atio
n on
the
abov
e
a. In
tens
ify c
heck
s on
the
lega
lity
of
stay
in th
e in
terio
r of
the
coun
try
by fo
cusin
g on
loca
tions
migr
ants
te
nd to
con
cent
rate
in th
e m
ost,
as
iden
tified
by
the
regu
larly
upd
ated
risk
as
sess
men
ts.
2019
-202
23,
040,
000
DBM
/MoI
ASP
Perio
dic
chec
ks c
arrie
d ou
t joi
ntly
by
DBM
and
lo
cal p
olice
, so
as to
det
ect
over
stay
ers
or v
iolat
ions
of
the
term
s of
the
fore
igner
’s st
ay
Num
ber
of c
ases
of
irreg
ular
res
iden
ce
dete
cted
and
pro
secu
ted;
an
incr
ease
in th
e de
tect
ion
rate
so
as
to e
limin
ate
irreg
ular
m
igrat
ion
up to
87%
by
2020
(fro
m 7
0% in
201
4);
b. S
tren
gthe
n jo
int D
BM a
nd lo
cal p
olice
ch
ecks
to d
etec
t ove
rsta
yers
or
violat
ions
of t
he fo
reign
er’s
stay
2019
-202
21,
824,
000
DBM
/MoI
ASP
Stan
dard
pro
cedu
res
have
be
en a
dopt
ed fo
r D
BM-
loca
l pol
ice c
oope
ratio
n;
oper
atio
nal s
taff
train
ed o
n ho
w to
bes
t use
them
The
redu
ctio
n of
cas
es
of ir
regu
lar m
igrat
ion
and
fore
ign c
itize
ns
appr
ehen
ded
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f Alb
ania
with
irr
egul
ar d
ocum
ents
up
by
27%
mor
e in
202
0, w
hen
com
pare
d to
201
4;
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
59
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
num
ber
of c
heck
s ca
rrie
d ou
t joi
ntly
by
DBM
and
lo
cal p
olice
to d
etec
t ca
ses
of o
vers
tay
or
violat
ion
of fo
reign
er’s
term
s of
sta
y; n
umbe
r of
irre
gular
migr
ants
de
tect
ed a
nnua
lly; s
hare
of
male
/fem
ale m
igran
ts
Num
ber
of D
BM s
taff
taki
ng p
art i
n jo
int
coop
erat
ion
activ
ities
with
lo
cal p
olice
offi
cers
c. M
ake
info
rmat
ion
avail
able
on
the
grou
nds
for
term
inat
ion
of le
gal s
tatu
s, th
e m
easu
res
again
st u
naut
horiz
ed
stay
and
pro
cedu
ral r
ights
of s
ubje
cts
of in
vest
igatio
n at
bor
der
cros
sing
poin
ts, i
n lan
guag
es o
f main
gro
ups
of
imm
igran
ts
By e
nd o
f 20
2055
2,00
0D
BM/M
oIIO
MLe
aflet
s/br
ochu
res
on th
e gr
ound
s fo
r te
rmin
atio
n of
le
gal s
tatu
s, th
e m
easu
res
again
st u
naut
horis
ed s
tay
and
proc
edur
al rig
hts
of
subj
ects
of i
nves
tigat
ion
migr
ants
’ righ
ts p
rodu
ced
and
diss
emin
ated
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
Num
ber
of le
aflet
s di
ssem
inat
ed e
ach
year
; nu
mbe
r of
cas
es o
f ille
gal
migr
atio
n an
d fo
reign
cit
izens
app
rehe
nded
in
the
terr
itory
of A
lban
ia w
ith ir
regu
lar d
ocum
ents
ha
s go
ne d
own
by 2
7% in
20
20, c
ompa
red
to 2
014
figur
es
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
60
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
B2Im
prov
e eff
ectiv
enes
s of
re
turn
mec
hani
sms
for
fore
ign c
itize
ns
B2.1
Suc
cess
ful r
etur
n of
fore
ign c
itize
ns
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n an
d vo
lunt
ary
retu
rna.
Reg
ular
ly id
entif
y em
ergin
g ba
rrie
rs
to th
e fa
st a
nd e
ffect
ive r
etur
n of
fo
reign
citi
zens
dur
ing
the
proc
ess
of
read
miss
ion
so a
s to
iden
tify
need
s fo
r as
sista
nce
in r
eadm
issio
n ag
reem
ents
By e
nd o
f 20
2019
0,00
0D
BM/M
oIIO
MA
mon
itorin
g re
port
on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
con
clude
d re
adm
issio
n ag
reem
ents
co
mpl
eted
; bar
riers
to
fast
and
effe
ctive
ret
urn
of
fore
ign c
itize
ns id
entifi
ed
Num
ber
of r
eadm
issio
n im
plem
enta
tion
prot
ocol
s sig
ned
or a
men
ded;
%
incr
ease
in th
e nu
mbe
r of
fo
reign
citi
zens
ret
urne
d to
thei
r co
untr
ies
of
origi
n in
the
cont
ext o
f re
adm
issio
n ag
reem
ents
/pr
otoc
ols
b. C
ontin
ue e
ffort
s to
con
clude
re
adm
issio
n ag
reem
ents
and
im
plem
enta
tion
prot
ocol
s, th
eref
ore
esta
blish
ing
wor
king
mec
hani
sms
for
effec
tive
retu
rn
2019
-202
260
8,00
0D
BM/M
oIM
EFA
New
rea
dmiss
ion
agre
emen
ts/re
turn
pro
toco
ls ne
gotia
ted
and
signe
d
Num
ber
of ir
regu
lar
migr
ants
rea
dmitt
ed e
ach
year
und
er r
eadm
issio
n ag
reem
ents
and
pro
toco
ls
c. E
nsur
e qu
ick a
nd e
fficie
nt c
oope
ratio
n w
ith e
mba
ssie
s an
d bo
rder
and
m
igrat
ion
serv
ices
in th
e co
untr
ies
of
origi
n on
fast
iden
tifica
tion
of fo
reign
cit
izens
and
ret
urn
proc
edur
es
2019
-202
291
2,00
0D
BM/M
oIM
EFA
Coo
pera
tion
agre
emen
ts
signe
d w
ith v
ario
us p
artn
er
inst
itutio
ns in
cou
ntrie
s of
or
igin
of ir
regu
lar m
igran
ts
or tr
ansit
to e
stab
lish
thei
r id
entit
y an
d fa
cilita
ting
retu
rn
Redu
ctio
n in
the
aver
age
amou
nt o
f tim
e ne
eded
fo
r id
entifi
catio
n pu
rpos
es
or k
eepi
ng to
a m
inim
um
case
s w
here
iden
tifica
tion
was
not
pos
sible
at a
ll
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
61
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. D
evel
op c
lear
sta
ndar
d pr
oced
ures
on
Ass
isted
Vol
unta
ry R
etur
n (A
VR)
(inclu
ding
vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s su
ch
as U
AM
s, Vo
Ts a
nd a
sylu
m s
eeke
rs)
and
iden
tify
the
role
of e
ach
part
ner
2019
190,
000
DBM
/MoI
IOM
Stan
dard
AVR
pro
cedu
res
are
in p
lace
spec
ifyin
g cle
ar
proc
edur
es fo
r su
ppor
t to
vuln
erab
le c
ateg
orie
s as
wel
l as
rol
es a
nd r
espo
nsib
ilitie
s fo
r ea
ch in
volve
d pa
rty
% in
crea
se in
the
num
ber
of ir
regu
lar
migr
ants
and
vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s re
turn
ed to
th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in
thro
ugh
volu
ntar
y re
turn
pr
oced
ures
e. D
esign
ate
dedi
cate
d sp
ecial
ists
on
assis
ted
volu
ntar
y re
turn
at D
BM to
fa
cilita
te A
VR p
roce
ss
2019
0.0
DBM
/MoI
DBM
sta
ff (a
t the
cen
tral
& lo
cal l
evel
) des
ignat
ed to
un
dert
ake
AVR
proc
edur
es
Num
ber
of D
BM
spec
ialist
s de
signa
ted
to u
nder
take
AVR
pr
oced
ures
f. M
ake
info
rmat
ion
avail
able
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
on
the
bene
fits
and
mod
alitie
s of
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n in
th
e lan
guag
es o
f the
main
gro
ups
of
imm
igran
ts; i
nfor
m ir
regu
lar m
igran
ts
of th
e rig
ht to
see
k as
sista
nce
for
volu
ntar
y re
turn
dur
ing
all p
hase
s of
th
eir
stay
in A
lban
ia (in
cludi
ng w
hen
in
dete
ntio
n)
2020
- 20
221,
500,
000
DBM
/MoI
IOM
Leafl
ets/
broc
hure
s on
the
bene
fits
and
mod
alitie
s of
vo
lunt
ary
retu
rn p
rodu
ced
and
diss
emin
ated
eac
h ye
ar
at b
orde
r cr
ossin
g po
ints
40 %
incr
ease
of t
he
volu
ntar
y re
turn
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in fr
om
irreg
ular
migr
ants
res
ultin
g fro
m a
n in
form
ed d
ecisi
on
B3Effi
cient
ly r
espo
nd to
irr
egul
ar m
igrat
ion
of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
in E
U
mem
ber
stat
es
B3.1
Impl
emen
t ade
quat
e m
easu
res
to
prev
ent t
he ir
regu
lar m
igrat
ion
of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
62
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
a. C
arry
out
reg
ular
aw
aren
ess-
raisi
ng
cam
paign
s to
info
rm A
lban
ian
citize
ns o
f the
rul
es a
nd c
ondi
tions
of
visa
-free
trav
el in
the
EU, o
f re
gular
migr
atio
n op
port
uniti
es a
nd
of th
e co
nseq
uenc
es o
f irr
egul
ar
migr
atio
n (in
cludi
ng u
nfou
nded
asy
lum
ap
plica
tions
);
2019
-202
224
,000
,000
MoI
DBM
MC
s/N
ESM
EFA
MoF
ESM
DIO
MEU
D
Regu
lar a
war
enes
s-ra
ising
ca
mpa
igns
on th
e te
rms
of
visa-
free
trav
el to
the
EU,
oppo
rtun
ities
for
regu
lar
migr
atio
n an
d co
nseq
uenc
es
of ir
regu
lar m
igrat
ion
Num
ber
of c
itize
ns
reac
hed
thro
ugh
awar
enes
s-ra
ising
ca
mpa
igns
on th
e te
rms
of v
isa-fr
ee tr
avel
in th
e EU
, opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r re
gular
migr
atio
n an
d co
nseq
uenc
es o
f irr
egul
ar
migr
atio
n; s
hare
of y
outh
ve
rsus
adu
lts, m
ales/
fem
ales;
num
ber
of fa
milie
s re
ache
d in
UA
Ms’
regio
ns
of o
rigin
b. P
rovid
e in
cent
ives
for
educ
atio
n/tr
ainin
g an
d yo
uth
empl
oym
ent i
n th
e re
gions
of o
rigin
/resid
ence
of
Una
ccom
pani
ed M
inor
s (U
AM
’s) in
co
oper
atio
n w
ith lo
cal a
utho
ritie
s
2019
-2
022
32,4
00,0
00N
ES/M
oFE
MoE
SYM
oHSP
IOM
Spec
ific
prog
ram
mes
ta
rget
ing
yout
h an
d th
eir
fam
ilies
in r
egio
ns o
f the
U
AM
s’ or
igin
deve
lope
d an
d im
plem
ente
d to
em
pow
er th
em a
nd r
educ
e th
e in
ciden
ce o
f irr
egul
ar
migr
atio
n of
you
th
Num
ber
of y
outh
/fam
ilies
who
ben
efitt
ed fr
om
loca
l em
pow
erm
ent
prog
ram
mes
on
prev
entio
n of
irre
gular
m
igrat
ion
c. S
tren
gthe
n in
form
atio
n se
rvice
s pr
ovid
ed b
y A
lban
ian c
onsu
lar
serv
ices
on r
egul
ar s
tay
in d
estin
atio
n co
untr
ies,
thro
ugh
cons
ular
des
ks a
nd
web
page
2020
-202
2 10
,800
,000
MEF
AIn
form
atio
n se
rvice
s on
re
gular
sta
y in
des
tinat
ion
coun
trie
s pr
ovid
ed b
y th
e A
lban
ian c
onsu
lar o
ffice
, st
reng
then
ed th
roug
h re
gular
Num
ber
of A
lban
ian
citize
ns w
ho r
ecei
ve
info
rmat
ion
each
yea
r at
th
e co
nsul
ar d
esks
and
th
roug
h th
eir
web
page
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
63
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
info
rmat
ion
diss
emin
ated
co
nsul
ar d
esks
and
thro
ugh
thei
r w
ebpa
ge
B3.2
Sup
port
ret
urn
and
rein
tegr
atio
n of
re
adm
itted
Alb
anian
citi
zens
a. C
arry
out
obl
igato
ry b
riefin
gs w
ith
read
mitt
ed n
atio
nals,
rais
ing
thei
r aw
aren
ess
of th
e im
plica
tions
of
irreg
ular
migr
atio
n an
d pr
ovid
e w
ith
cont
acts
of r
elev
ant s
tate
bod
ies
and
NG
Os
in th
e lo
catio
ns o
f the
se
natio
nals’
per
man
ent r
esid
ence
2019
-2
022
570,
000
DBM
/MoI
MC
/NES
Obl
igato
ry in
form
atio
n se
ssio
ns a
re o
rgan
ised
with
all
rea
dmitt
ed c
itize
ns o
n th
e im
plica
tions
of t
he s
anct
ions
of
irre
gular
migr
atio
n, a
nd
refe
rral
to s
uppo
rt s
ervic
es is
m
ade
poss
ible
Num
ber
of r
eadm
itted
cit
izens
info
rmed
abo
ut
impl
icatio
ns o
f san
ctio
ns
on ir
regu
lar m
igrat
ion;
sh
are
of m
ales/
fem
ales
Num
ber
of r
eadm
itted
cit
izens
ref
erre
d to
pub
lic/
othe
r se
rvice
s w
hen
avail
able
; sha
re o
f male
s/fe
male
s
b. E
stab
lish
a de
dica
ted
coop
erat
ion
mec
hani
sm b
etw
een
MoI
’s D
BM
and
mun
icipa
litie
s on
pro
visio
n of
as
sista
nce
for
read
mitt
ed A
lban
ian
UA
Ms
2019
76,0
00D
BMM
unici
palit
ies
Spec
ific
coop
erat
ion
mod
alitie
s es
tabl
ished
be
twee
n M
oI’s
DBM
and
lo
cal m
unici
palit
ies
on
prov
ision
of a
ssist
ance
for
UA
Ms
Num
ber
of r
eadm
itted
U
AM
s re
ceivi
ng a
ssist
ance
lo
cally
eac
h ye
ar
B4M
anag
e m
ixed
flow
s effi
cient
lyB4
.1 D
evel
op s
trat
egic
and
oper
atio
nal
fram
ewor
ks to
mee
t the
cha
lleng
e of
mix
ed fl
ows
to A
lban
ia
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
64
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
a. D
evel
op a
new
con
tinge
ncy
plan
fo
r A
lban
ia to
man
age
mix
ed fl
ows
taki
ng in
to c
onsid
erat
ion
the
spec
ific
vuln
erab
ilitie
s of
peo
ple
on th
e m
ove
(suc
h as
UA
Ms,
VoTs
, asy
lum
see
kers
, di
sabl
ed p
erso
ns, e
tc.),
and
unde
rtak
e re
gular
upd
ates
in li
ght o
f new
ch
allen
ges
2020
152,
000
MoI
A
ll lin
e M
inist
ries
IOM
A n
ew C
ontin
genc
y Pl
an
draf
ted
and
appr
oved
by
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Alb
ania;
Bu
dget
(in
ALL
) allo
cate
d to
impl
emen
tatio
n of
C
ontin
genc
y Pl
an fo
r pr
epar
ator
y ac
tions
Indi
vidua
ls en
terin
g A
lban
ia th
roug
h m
ixed
flo
ws
com
preh
ensiv
ely
assis
ted
and
thei
r rig
hts
prot
ecte
d; s
hare
of
male
s/fe
male
s id
entifi
ed
and
assis
ted
each
yea
r; ca
tego
risat
ion
by s
tatu
s
b. C
arry
out
reg
ular
rev
iew
s of
av
ailab
le r
esou
rces
(inf
rast
ruct
ure,
st
aff, e
quip
men
t and
fina
nces
) for
im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e C
ontin
genc
y Pl
an, a
nd id
entif
y ga
ps in
mee
ting
new
ch
allen
ges
2019
-202
222
9,52
0M
oI
All
line
Min
istrie
s IO
MA
nnua
l rev
iew
and
ga
p an
alysis
with
re
com
men
datio
ns to
the
Cou
ncil
of M
inist
ers
for
the
revis
ion
of e
xpen
ditu
re
high
light
ed in
the
Con
tinge
ncy
Plan
Tota
l valu
e of
inve
stm
ent
in r
equi
red
reso
urce
s an
d sh
are
of p
lanne
d ex
pend
iture
ach
ieve
d
c. U
nder
take
train
ing
of b
orde
r offi
cials
on id
entifi
catio
n of
vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s in
cas
es o
f mas
sive
mix
ed
flow
s
2019
-202
27,
236,
000
DBM
/MoI
MoI
UN
HC
RM
unici
palit
ies
in
the
bord
er a
reas
IOM
Train
ing
curr
icula
are
deve
lope
d an
d re
gular
ly
upda
ted
in r
espo
nse
to
chan
ging
vuln
erab
ilitie
s fa
ced
by p
eopl
e on
the
mov
e in
cr
isis/
emer
genc
y co
ntex
t
Bord
er o
fficia
ls ar
e ca
pabl
e of
iden
tifyi
ng
vuln
erab
le c
ateg
orie
s w
ithin
mix
ed fl
ows
and
of r
efer
ring
them
to
adeq
uate
pro
tect
ion
serv
ices
d. E
nsur
e ac
cess
to s
afe
and
dign
ifyin
g ac
com
mod
atio
n fo
r pe
ople
on
the
mov
e in
the
cont
ext o
f mix
ed fl
ows
at th
e bo
rder
and
insid
e th
e co
untr
y in
par
ticul
ar fo
r vu
lner
able
cat
egor
ies
such
as
UA
Ms
2019
-202
213
,500
,000
DBM
/MoI
IOM
UN
HC
RO
SCE
New
acc
omm
odat
ion
facil
ities
iden
tified
and
m
ade
avail
able
for
vario
us
cate
gorie
s of
peo
ple
on th
e m
ove
(VoT
s, U
AM
s, as
ylum
se
eker
s) th
at e
nter
Alb
ania
Hos
ting
capa
city
of th
e ne
w p
rem
ises
for
vario
us
cate
gorie
s of
peo
ple
on
the
mov
e
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
65
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e B:
Ens
ure
safe
and
ord
erly
mig
ratio
n fr
om, t
hrou
gh a
nd t
o A
lban
ia
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: %
inc
reas
e of
irr
egul
ar m
igra
nts
dete
cted
at
th
e bo
rder
an
d w
ithin
th
e te
rrito
ry
of
Alb
ania
; % o
f vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
mig
rant
s id
entifi
ed
thro
ugh
pre-
scre
enin
g pr
oced
ures
an
d re
ferr
ed
to
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es in
clud
ing
at t
imes
of
crisi
s; n
umbe
r of
re
adm
itted
A
lban
ian
citiz
ens
refe
rred
to
av
aila
ble
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvic
es; n
umbe
r of
thi
rd-c
ount
ry n
atio
nals
retu
rned
to th
eir
coun
trie
s of
orig
in th
roug
h re
adm
issio
n or
vol
unta
ry r
etur
n
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
en
Tim
elin
eFi
nanc
ial
reso
urce
s in
A
LL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
e. F
orm
alise
coo
rdin
atio
n be
twee
n Re
giona
l BM
Ps, S
ocial
Ser
vices
and
N
GO
s w
ith r
espe
ct to
hea
lth s
ervic
es
prov
ided
to v
ario
us c
ateg
orie
s of
pe
ople
on
the
mov
e in
the
cont
ext
of m
ixed
flow
s; in
clude
spe
cific
prov
ision
s in
the
new
con
tinge
ncy
plan
on
the
man
agem
ent o
f the
em
erge
ncy
situa
tion
2020
760,
000
MoI
Regio
nal B
MP,
Loca
l NG
Os
Coo
pera
tion
agre
emen
ts
signe
d be
twee
n re
giona
l BM
Ps, S
ocial
Ser
vices
and
N
GO
s on
hea
lth s
ervic
es
Num
ber
of p
eopl
e on
th
e m
ove
bene
fitin
g fro
m
healt
h se
rvice
s pr
ovid
ed
annu
ally
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
66
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
C1
Ensu
re a
n eff
ectiv
e lab
our
migr
atio
n po
licy
fram
ewor
k
C1.
1 In
clude
the
bene
fits
of th
e em
igrat
ion
of A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
in th
e de
velo
pmen
t and
im
plem
enta
tion
of n
atio
nal
empl
oym
ent p
olici
esa.
Com
miss
ion
in-d
epth
ass
essm
ents
on
the
chall
enge
s an
d sp
ecifi
c ne
eds
of
retu
rnin
g m
igran
ts fo
r th
eir
effec
tive
inte
grat
ion
in th
e lo
cal l
abou
r m
arke
t in
Alb
ania
By th
e en
d of
202
045
0,00
0N
ES/M
oFE
INST
ATA
n in
-dep
th a
sses
smen
t on
the
chall
enge
s an
d sp
ecifi
c ne
eds
of r
etur
ning
migr
ants
fo
r in
tegr
atio
n in
the
loca
l lab
our
mar
ket i
n A
lban
ia su
cces
sfully
car
ried
out
Num
ber
of r
etur
nees
be
nefit
ing
each
yea
r fro
m
chan
ges
in th
e na
tiona
l po
licie
s on
em
ploy
men
t
b. In
corp
orat
e th
e m
ain fi
ndin
gs a
nd
reco
mm
enda
tions
of t
he a
sses
smen
t in
the
proc
ess
of r
evisi
ng n
atio
nal
empl
oym
ent p
olici
es
By th
e en
d of
202
011
4,00
0M
oFE
NES
/MoF
ESp
ecifi
c m
easu
res
on
Alb
anian
ret
urne
es in
clude
d in
the
Nat
iona
l Em
ploy
men
t A
ctio
n Pl
an
Incr
easin
g nu
mbe
r of
re
turn
ees
inclu
ded
in th
e A
lban
ian la
bour
mar
ket i
n th
e co
ntex
t of n
ew p
olic
y m
easu
res
unde
rtak
en
c. C
arry
out
reg
ular
ass
essm
ents
of t
he
impa
ct o
f migr
atio
n on
the
avail
able
lab
our
reso
urce
s an
d us
e th
e re
sults
fo
r pl
anni
ng, d
esign
ing,
impl
emen
ting
and
mon
itorin
g em
ploy
men
t pol
icies
2020
-202
245
0,00
0IN
STAT
NES
/MoF
EIO
MA
n as
sess
men
t car
ried
out
ever
y 2
year
s, lis
ting
sect
ors
and
prof
essio
ns th
at a
re
curr
ently
in d
eman
d fo
r ad
ditio
nal l
abou
r fo
rce
and
iden
tifyi
ng o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
the
empl
oym
ent o
f ret
urne
es
or im
migr
ants
Exte
nt to
whi
ch
empl
oym
ent p
olici
es
refle
ct th
e m
igrat
ion
of
Alb
anian
citi
zens
and
th
eir
impa
ct in
the
labou
r m
arke
t
d. C
arry
out
reg
ular
ass
essm
ents
of
the
curr
ent a
nd fu
ture
impa
ct o
f m
igrat
ion
flow
s on
the
volu
me
and
stru
ctur
e of
the
natio
nal l
abou
r fo
rce
2021
-2
022
228,
000
INST
ATM
oFE
INST
ATN
ES/M
oFE
IOM
Ass
essm
ents
on
curr
ent a
nd
futu
re im
pact
of m
igrat
ion
carr
ied
out e
very
5 y
ears
Num
ber
of th
e as
sess
men
t re
com
men
datio
ns
endo
rsed
by
rele
vant
in
stitu
tions
and
refl
ecte
d in
th
eir
wor
k
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
67
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
e. S
tren
gthe
n ca
pacit
ies
of r
elev
ant
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Alb
ania
inst
itutio
ns
for
data
col
lect
ion
and
com
preh
ensiv
e da
ta a
naly
sis o
n lab
our
migr
atio
n;
mak
ing
use
of m
igrat
ion
fore
cast
s to
de
velo
p lo
ng-t
erm
labo
ur m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
2021
-202
245
6,00
0IN
STAT
MoF
EN
ES/M
oFE
IOM
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Alb
ania
officia
ls su
cces
sfully
train
ed
to c
olle
ct a
nd a
naly
se
com
preh
ensiv
e an
d co
nsist
ent d
atas
ets
on la
bour
m
igrat
ion;
offi
cials
mak
e us
e of
migr
atio
n fo
reca
sts
to
deve
lop
long
-ter
m la
bour
m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
Num
ber
of G
over
nmen
t of
Alb
ania
officia
ls tr
ained
to
col
lect
and
ana
lyse
co
mpr
ehen
sive
and
cons
isten
t dat
aset
s on
lab
our
migr
atio
n
Shor
t- an
d m
id-t
erm
m
igrat
ion
scen
ario
s pr
epar
ed (1
-2-y
ear
and
5-ye
ar p
erio
ds)
C1.
2 D
evel
op a
nd im
plem
ent p
roac
tive
polic
ies
and
sche
mes
aim
ing
at a
ttra
ctin
g A
lban
ian c
itize
ns,
mem
bers
of t
he A
lban
ian D
iasp
ora
and
fore
ign w
orke
rs w
ith s
kills
and
qu
alific
atio
ns in
sho
rt s
uppl
y in
the
Alb
anian
labo
ur m
arke
ta.
Car
ry o
ut c
onsu
ltatio
ns w
ith
empl
oyer
ass
ociat
ions
to g
auge
th
e de
man
d fo
r em
ploy
men
t of
prof
essio
nals
and
skille
d w
orke
rs in
pa
rticu
lar s
ecto
rs o
f the
eco
nom
y
2020
76,0
00M
oFE
Con
sulta
tions
with
em
ploy
er
asso
ciatio
ns to
gau
ge th
e de
man
d fo
r em
ploy
men
t of
pro
fess
iona
ls an
d sk
illed
wor
kers
in p
artic
ular
sec
tors
ca
rrie
d ou
t
Num
ber
of e
mpl
oyer
as
socia
tions
par
ticip
ants
in
the
cons
ulta
tions
on
dem
and
of s
kille
d w
orke
rs;
conc
lusio
ns g
ener
ated
fro
m th
e co
nsul
tatio
ns
b. D
issem
inat
e th
e lis
t of p
rofe
ssio
ns
and
quali
ficat
ions
in s
hort
sup
ply
to th
e A
lban
ian c
onsu
lates
and
re
pres
enta
tive
office
s ab
road
, alo
ng
2019
-202
217
1,00
0M
EFA
NES
/MoF
EA
list
of p
rofe
ssio
ns a
nd
quali
ficat
ions
in s
hort
su
pply
is s
ent t
o all
Alb
anian
co
nsul
ates
and
rep
rese
ntat
ive
Num
ber
of D
iasp
ora
mem
bers
exp
ress
ing
an
inte
rest
in e
mpl
oym
ent i
n A
lban
ia th
roug
h th
e
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
68
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
with
the
cond
ition
s on
taki
ng u
p em
ploy
men
t in
Alb
ania
office
s ab
road
, acc
ompa
nied
by
the
cond
ition
s on
taki
ng
up e
mpl
oym
ent i
n A
lban
ia
Alb
anian
em
bass
ies/
cons
ulat
es a
broa
d; s
hare
of
male
s/fe
male
s
c. C
arry
out
an
asse
ssm
ent o
f lab
our
mar
ket n
eeds
in s
ecto
rs e
xper
ienc
ing
high
est o
utflo
w o
f pro
fess
iona
ls an
d lau
nch
pilo
t ini
tiativ
es fa
cilita
ting
the
tem
pora
ry r
etur
n of
pro
fess
iona
ls to
A
lban
ian p
ublic
inst
itutio
ns a
nd p
rivat
e se
ctor
2020
1,50
0,00
0M
oFE
NES
IOM
Pilo
t ini
tiativ
es fo
r te
mpo
rary
re
turn
of p
rofe
ssio
nals
to p
ositi
ons
at A
lban
ian
inst
itutio
ns a
nd p
rivat
e se
ctor
laun
ched
Num
ber
of p
rofe
ssio
nals
retu
rnin
g ea
ch y
ear
to
publ
ic or
priv
ate
sect
ors
d. E
valu
ate
initi
ative
s an
d de
fine
a pe
rman
ent m
echa
nism
for
prev
entin
g “b
rain
dra
in”
and
“bra
in w
aste
” of
A
lban
ian c
itize
ns th
roug
h in
ter-
agen
cy
cons
ulta
tions
2020
152,
000
MoE
SYIn
con
sulta
tion
with
oth
er
line
min
istrie
s
SMD
MoF
EIO
M
Inte
r-ag
ency
con
sulta
tions
ta
ke p
lace
to d
efine
a
perm
anen
t mec
hani
sm fo
r th
e pr
even
tion
of “
brain
dr
ain”
and
“bra
in w
aste
”
Num
ber
of c
onsu
ltatio
ns
held
alo
ng w
ith a
con
cret
e pr
opos
al fo
r a
perm
anen
t m
echa
nism
to p
reve
nt
“bra
in d
rain
” an
d “b
rain
w
aste
C.1
.3 S
et u
p an
d im
plem
ent a
n eff
ectiv
e le
gal a
nd in
stitu
tiona
l fra
mew
ork
on la
bour
migr
atio
na.
dev
elop
eth
ical r
ecru
itmen
t in
stru
ctio
ns fo
r pr
ivate
em
ploy
men
t ag
encie
s ba
sed
on th
e le
gislat
ion
in
forc
e (in
cludi
ng th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
re
port
ing
tem
plat
es th
at w
ill be
use
d re
gular
ly b
y re
crui
tmen
t age
ncie
s);
publ
ish in
stru
ctio
ns in
the
web
site
of M
oFE,
NES
, Lab
our
Insp
ecto
rate
, N
BC a
nd a
t em
ploy
men
t offi
ces;
2019
114,
000
MoF
EA
ll lin
e M
inist
ries
A s
et o
f gui
delin
es o
n th
e et
hica
l rec
ruitm
ent o
f m
igran
t wor
kers
dev
elop
ed
by M
oFE
in c
oope
ratio
n w
ith th
e pr
ivate
sec
tor;
it is
diss
emin
ated
to p
rivat
e re
crui
tmen
t age
ncie
s an
d pu
blish
ed o
nlin
e by
Num
ber
of e
thica
l re
crui
tmen
t ins
truc
tions
of
migr
ant w
orke
rs d
rafte
d an
d pu
blish
ed; n
umbe
r of
info
rmat
ion
mat
erial
s di
ssem
inat
ed
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
69
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
Prep
are
a lis
t of p
rivat
e re
crui
tmen
t ag
encie
s th
at h
ave
been
lice
nced
, and
its
publ
icatio
n at
the
empl
oym
ent o
ffice
s as
wel
l as
insp
ecto
rate
offi
ces
to e
nsur
e th
eir
mon
itorin
g an
d w
ell-f
unct
ioni
ng
resp
ectiv
e go
vern
men
t in
stitu
tions
List
of p
rivat
e re
crui
tmen
t ag
encie
s pr
epar
ed a
nd
publ
ished
at e
mpl
oym
ent
office
s an
d in
spec
tora
te
office
s
b. E
nsur
e pr
ivate
ope
rato
rs c
ompl
y w
ith e
thica
l rec
ruitm
ent s
tand
ards
by
mon
itorin
g of
thei
r ac
tivity
reg
ular
ly
2019
57,0
00M
oFE
NES
/MoF
EPe
riodi
c m
onito
ring
of e
thica
l re
crui
tmen
t sta
ndar
ds b
y pr
ivate
ope
rato
rs c
arrie
d ou
t
Num
ber
of m
igran
ts
recr
uite
d an
nuall
y th
roug
h et
hica
l rec
ruitm
ent
prac
tices
Num
ber
of r
epor
ts o
n re
crui
tmen
t pra
ctice
s pr
epar
ed a
nd d
elive
red
by p
rivat
e em
ploy
men
t ag
encie
s us
ing
the
stan
dard
te
mpl
ate;
num
ber
of c
ases
at
risk
s of
exp
loita
tion
iden
tified
and
rep
orte
d
c. C
arry
out
a r
evie
w o
f the
cur
rent
in
stitu
tiona
l set
up o
n em
igrat
ion
for
labou
r pu
rpos
es to
rev
eal t
he
prob
lem
s ar
ising
from
the
curr
ent
alloc
atio
n of
com
pete
ncie
s, in
pa
rticu
lar n
otin
g ar
eas
of d
uplic
atio
n,
ineffi
cienc
y or
una
ddre
ssed
issu
es
2020
380,
000
MoF
EN
ES/M
oFE
SMD
MO
IIO
M
Diag
nost
ic re
view
of
inst
itutio
nal a
rran
gem
ents
cu
rren
tly in
pra
ctice
, co
ntain
ing
spec
ific
reco
mm
enda
tions
on
reall
ocat
ion
of c
ompe
tenc
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on e
migr
atio
n fo
r lab
our
purp
oses
Evid
ence
of c
hang
es
prop
osed
in in
stitu
tiona
l se
tup
on la
bour
migr
atio
n
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
70
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. B
ased
on
the
resu
lts o
f the
rev
iew
, pr
opos
e ch
ange
s to
the
inst
itutio
nal
setu
p so
as
to im
prov
e ex
chan
ge
of in
form
atio
n, c
o-or
dina
tion
of
mea
sure
s an
d ab
ility
to d
evel
op le
gal
and
polic
y so
lutio
ns
2020
76,0
00M
FEA
list
of c
hang
es in
the
inst
itutio
nal s
etup
form
ulat
ed
so a
s to
impr
ove
exch
ange
of
info
rmat
ion
and
co-
ordi
natio
n
Exte
nt to
whi
ch
the
prop
osed
re
com
men
datio
ns a
re
bein
g en
forc
ed b
y va
rious
in
stitu
tions
e. P
rovid
e ne
cess
ary
train
ing
to th
e ne
wly
hire
d st
aff a
t the
loca
l and
re
giona
l offi
ces
of th
e N
atio
nal
Empl
oym
ent S
ervic
e en
ablin
g it
to im
plem
ent m
igrat
ion
polic
ies
effec
tivel
y
2020
-2
022
450,
000
MoF
EN
ES/M
oFE
Train
ing
of M
C/N
ES s
taff
thro
ugho
ut th
e co
untr
y ca
rrie
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t
Num
ber
of M
C s
taff
train
ed o
n m
igrat
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issue
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d sh
are
of th
ose
scor
ing
high
er th
an 8
5% in
the
post
train
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evalu
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f. C
arry
out
con
sulta
tions
with
re
crui
tmen
t age
ncie
s on
effe
ctive
co
oper
atio
n so
as
to d
issem
inat
e in
form
atio
n on
opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r sa
fe
and
orde
rly s
easo
nal m
igrat
ion
and
asso
ciate
d be
nefit
s of
reg
ular
sta
tus
2020
15
2,00
0M
oFE
IOM
Con
sulta
tions
org
anise
d w
ith
recr
uitm
ent a
genc
ies
on
effec
tive
coop
erat
ion
so a
s to
diss
emin
ate
info
rmat
ion
on o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
safe
and
or
derly
sea
sona
l migr
atio
n pe
riodi
cally
Issue
s id
entifi
ed d
urin
g co
nsul
tatio
ns a
re u
sed
to p
rodu
ce s
pecifi
c re
com
men
datio
ns o
n im
prov
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issem
inat
ion
met
hods
g. R
un c
onsu
ltatio
ns w
ith p
artn
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inst
itutio
ns (m
inist
ry o
f lab
our,
empl
oym
ent s
ervic
es, e
tc.)
of k
ey
dest
inat
ion
coun
trie
s of
Alb
anian
m
igran
ts o
n eff
ectiv
e co
oper
atio
n an
d on
diss
emin
atin
g in
form
atio
n on
op
port
uniti
es fo
r sa
fe a
nd o
rder
ly
seas
onal
migr
atio
n an
d as
socia
ted
bene
fits
of r
egul
ar s
tatu
s
2020
- 20
221,
140,
000
MoF
EM
EFA
IOM
Con
sulta
tions
with
par
tner
in
stitu
tions
of k
ey d
estin
atio
n co
untr
ies
carr
ied
out
Issue
s id
entifi
ed d
urin
g in
tern
atio
nal c
onsu
ltatio
ns
are
used
to p
rodu
ce
spec
ific
reco
mm
enda
tions
on
impr
oved
diss
emin
atio
n m
etho
ds
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
71
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
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ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
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rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
C2
Facil
itate
sea
sona
l and
cir
cular
migr
atio
n fo
r A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
C2.
1 Ke
ep tr
ack
of s
easo
nal a
nd c
ircul
ar
migr
atio
n an
d th
e eff
ectiv
enes
s of
a
regu
lator
y fr
amew
ork
a. C
omm
issio
n a
stud
y on
the
char
acte
ristic
s an
d de
term
inan
ts o
f se
ason
al lab
our
migr
atio
n of
Alb
anian
cit
izens
to id
entif
y ke
y pr
oble
ms
asso
ciate
d w
ith ir
regu
lar m
ovem
ent
in m
ain d
estin
atio
n co
untr
ies
(In
part
icular
, cov
erin
g re
crui
tmen
t m
echa
nism
s, w
ork
cond
ition
s, he
alth
and
safe
ty s
tand
ards
, wag
e an
d be
nefit
gu
aran
tees
and
saf
egua
rds
again
st
expl
oita
tion)
2020
1,40
0,00
0M
oFE
INST
ATM
oIIO
M
A r
epor
t is
publ
ished
on
the
char
acte
ristic
s an
d de
term
inan
ts o
f sea
sona
l lab
our
migr
atio
n to
iden
tify
key
prob
lem
s as
socia
ted
with
irre
gular
mov
emen
t in
main
des
tinat
ion
coun
trie
s un
dert
aken
; find
ings
an
d re
com
men
datio
ns
shar
ed w
ith th
e re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
;
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e re
com
men
datio
ns o
f the
re
port
are
end
orse
d by
th
e au
thor
ities
and
act
ions
ar
e ta
ken
to fa
cilita
te
seas
onal
migr
atio
n of
A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
b. C
arry
out
inst
itutio
nal a
nd p
ublic
co
nsul
tatio
ns o
n th
e fin
ding
s an
d re
com
men
datio
ns o
f the
stu
dy, a
nd
refle
ct th
em in
exi
stin
g po
licie
s as
w
ell a
s in
the
legis
latio
n th
at r
egul
ates
se
ason
al/cir
cular
migr
atio
n fo
r em
ploy
men
t pur
pose
s
2020
-202
268
4,00
0M
oFE
MoI
IOM
Publ
ic an
d in
stitu
tiona
l co
nsul
tatio
ns o
rgan
ised
on th
e fin
ding
s an
d re
com
men
datio
ns o
f the
st
udy
Exte
nt to
whi
ch
the
findi
ngs
and
reco
mm
enda
tions
of t
he
stud
y ar
e re
flect
ed in
the
polic
ies
and
legis
latio
n th
at
regu
lates
sea
sona
l/circ
ular
m
igrat
ion
for
empl
oym
ent
purp
oses
b. C
ompl
ete
a re
view
of t
he
effec
tiven
ess
of th
e cu
rren
t leg
al pr
ovisi
ons
prot
ectin
g th
e rig
hts
of A
lban
ian m
igran
t wor
kers
and
ad
dres
sing
the
spec
ific
chall
enge
s fa
ced
in m
ain d
estin
atio
n co
untr
ies
2020
190,
000
MoF
EIO
M
Revie
w o
f the
effe
ctive
ness
of
the
curr
ent l
egal
prov
ision
s on
the
prot
ectio
n th
e rig
hts
of A
lban
ian
seas
onal
wor
kers
in m
ain
dest
inat
ion
coun
trie
s is
com
plet
ed;
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e re
com
men
datio
ns o
f the
re
port
are
end
orse
d by
th
e au
thor
ities
and
act
ions
ar
e ta
ken
to fa
cilita
te
seas
onal
migr
atio
n of
A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
72
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
C2.
2 Fo
ster
Inte
rnat
iona
l coo
pera
tion
on la
bour
migr
atio
na.
Rev
iew
the
scop
e an
d pr
ovisi
ons
of
bilat
eral
agre
emen
ts in
forc
e re
gulat
ing
labou
r m
igrat
ion
from
Alb
ania
to
verif
y th
at th
ey c
onta
in s
ufficie
nt
ince
ntive
s fo
r cir
cular
mov
emen
t
202
030
4,00
0M
oFE
MEF
AIO
MRe
visio
n of
all
bilat
eral
agre
emen
ts u
nder
take
n an
d ev
iden
ce o
n in
cent
ives
for
circu
lar m
ovem
ent c
olle
cted
an
d sh
ared
with
rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
Num
ber
of in
cent
ives
for
circu
lar m
ovem
ents
id
entifi
ed in
bila
tera
l ag
reem
ents
b. Id
entif
y pr
iorit
y co
untr
ies
with
whi
ch
new
bila
tera
l agr
eem
ents
on
labou
r m
igrat
ion,
cov
erin
g cir
cular
migr
atio
n,
need
to b
e co
nclu
ded
2020
76,0
00M
EFA
MoF
ESH
KPA
list
of p
riorit
y co
untr
ies
for
new
bila
tera
l agr
eem
ents
pr
epar
ed
Num
ber
of n
ew b
ilate
ral
labou
r ag
reem
ents
initi
ated
by
the
Alb
anian
aut
horit
ies
c. C
onclu
de a
gree
men
ts w
ith s
elec
ted
coun
trie
s of
des
tinat
ion,
offe
ring
pilo
t sc
hem
es w
ith in
cent
ives
for
circu
lar
mov
emen
t
2020
380,
000
MEF
AM
oFE
SMD
New
circ
ular
migr
atio
n ag
reem
ents
con
clude
dN
umbe
r of
Alb
anian
cit
izens
ben
efitin
g fro
m
the
new
/exi
stin
g re
gulat
ed
agre
emen
ts p
er y
ear;
shar
e of
male
/fem
ale m
igran
ts
C2.
3 En
sure
that
pre
-dep
artu
re s
ervic
es
for
pros
pect
ive A
lban
ian m
igran
t w
orke
rs a
re in
plac
ea.
Pro
vide
info
rmat
ion
on c
urre
nt
oppo
rtun
ities
for
regu
lar la
bour
m
igrat
ion
to E
U M
embe
r St
ates
th
roug
h in
form
atio
n pa
ckag
es a
nd
a de
dica
ted
web
site
that
is u
pdat
ed
regu
larly
2019
-202
22,
000,
000
MoF
EIO
MG
IZW
ebsit
e on
migr
atio
n op
port
uniti
es la
unch
ed a
nd
info
rmat
ion
pack
ages
prin
ted
Regu
lar u
pdat
es o
f web
site
cont
ent
Num
ber
of v
isito
rs to
the
web
site
Num
ber
of in
form
atio
n pa
ckag
es d
issem
inat
ed
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
73
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
b. D
elive
r tr
ainin
g to
Migr
atio
n C
ount
ers’
pers
onne
l on
pre-
depa
rtur
e or
ient
atio
n, ta
king
into
ac
coun
t nee
ds o
f mos
t vul
nera
ble
grou
ps
2019
-202
21,
000,
000
MoF
ED
BM/M
oIIO
MO
ther
act
ors
Train
ing
of M
C s
taff
on p
re-
depa
rtur
e or
ient
atio
n an
d pr
otec
tion
of m
igran
ts’ r
ights
su
cces
sfully
car
ried
out
Num
ber
of M
C o
fficia
ls tr
ained
on
pre-
depa
rtur
e or
ient
atio
n an
d m
igran
t rig
hts
each
yea
r
c. E
nhan
ce c
oope
ratio
n w
ith
coun
terp
art i
nstit
utio
ns in
the
coun
trie
s of
des
tinat
ion
on
tran
sferr
ing
good
pra
ctice
s on
pr
ovisi
on o
f inf
orm
atio
n to
migr
ants
(s
tudy
visi
ts, m
ater
ials
shar
ing)
2019
-202
21,
500,
000
NES
/MoF
EM
oFE
Coo
pera
tion
is es
tabl
ished
w
ith c
ount
erpa
rt in
stitu
tions
in
cou
ntrie
s of
des
tinat
ion
on
tran
sferr
ing
good
pra
ctice
s fo
r in
form
atio
n pr
ovisi
on to
m
igran
ts
Num
ber
of in
tern
atio
nal
good
pra
ctice
s on
pr
ovisi
on o
f inf
orm
atio
n to
migr
ants
obt
ained
and
ut
ilised
to im
prov
e se
rvice
pr
ovisi
on a
t MC
s
C2.
4 St
reng
then
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
on
pro
tect
ion
of m
igran
t wor
kers
’ rig
hts
a. R
evie
w th
e sc
ope
and
effec
tiven
ess
of th
e cu
rren
t con
sular
and
lega
l se
rvice
s pr
ovid
ed to
Alb
anian
migr
ant
wor
kers
thro
ugh
a su
rvey
of m
igran
ts
and
migr
ant c
omm
unity
lead
ers
in
main
des
tinat
ion
coun
trie
s; un
dert
ake
actio
ns to
res
pond
to id
entifi
ed n
eeds
su
ch a
s in
crea
sing
hum
an r
esou
rces
; bu
dget
incr
ease
, etc
2020
-2
022
1,00
0,00
0M
EFA
MoF
EIN
STAT
IOM
Ass
essm
ent c
arrie
d ou
t in
key
dest
inat
ion
coun
trie
s fo
r A
lban
ian m
igran
ts
Adj
ustm
ent o
f hum
an/
finan
cial r
esou
rces
at t
he
Alb
anian
con
sular
ser
vice
unde
rtak
en a
s pe
r id
entifi
ed
need
s
Cha
nges
mad
e to
Alb
anian
co
nsul
ar s
ervic
es to
im
prov
e se
rvice
del
ivery
to
Alb
anian
wor
kers
ab
road
and
info
rmat
ion
on
prot
ectio
n of
thei
r rig
hts
Num
ber
of n
ew s
taff
recr
uite
d to
Alb
anian
co
nsul
ar s
ervic
e de
sks
abro
ad o
n th
e ba
sis o
f the
cu
rren
t nee
ds; %
incr
ease
in
the
budg
et o
f the
co
nsul
ates
ens
ure
Alb
anian
cit
izens
are
pro
vided
with
be
tter
ser
vices
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
74
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
b. D
evel
op s
tand
ard
guid
elin
es fo
r in
terv
iew
ing
migr
ant w
orke
rs to
id
entif
y ca
ses
of e
xplo
itatio
n or
di
scrim
inat
ion
whe
n id
entifi
ed
2021
-202
222
8,00
0M
EFA
MoF
ESM
DIO
M
Stan
dard
gui
delin
es d
rafte
d to
inte
rvie
w m
igran
t wor
kers
w
ith th
e aim
of i
dent
ifyin
g ca
ses
of e
xplo
itatio
n or
di
scrim
inat
ion
Num
ber
of A
lban
ian
migr
ant w
orke
rs
inte
rvie
wed
acc
ordi
ng
to n
ew g
uide
lines
and
nu
mbe
r of
cas
es o
f ex
ploi
tatio
n an
d/or
di
scrim
inat
ion
iden
tified
an
d re
ferr
ed to
rel
evan
t se
rvice
s
C2.
5 Fa
cilita
te r
etur
n an
d
socio
econ
omic
rein
tegr
atio
n of
A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
a. A
sses
s th
e sc
ale, c
ateg
orie
s an
d sp
ecifi
c ne
eds
of A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
willi
ng to
ret
urn
thro
ugh
surv
eys,
cons
ulta
tions
with
dia
spor
a an
d or
gani
zatio
n of
eve
nts
with
migr
ant
wor
kers
2020
1,50
0,00
0M
EFA
SMD
MoF
EIO
M
Stud
ies
carr
ied
out o
n th
e sc
ale, c
ateg
orie
s an
d sp
ecifi
c ne
eds
of th
e A
lban
ian
citize
ns w
illing
to r
etur
n
Size
of t
he p
opul
atio
n of
pot
entia
l ret
urne
es
and
thei
r re
inte
grat
ion
iden
tified
;
b. U
nder
take
an
in-d
epth
rev
iew
of
the
rein
tegr
atio
n m
echa
nism
for
Alb
anian
citi
zens
and
of t
he fo
rms
of p
artn
ersh
ip w
ith c
ivil s
ocie
ty a
nd
othe
r st
akeh
olde
rs; r
ecom
men
d ac
tions
to im
prov
e in
stitu
tiona
l co
ordi
natio
n w
ith r
espe
ct to
re
inte
grat
ion
2019
475,
000
MoF
EM
oHSP
MoI
SMD
MoE
SYM
ARD
IOM
C
ivil s
ocie
ty
orga
niza
tions
An
in-d
epth
rev
iew
of t
he
rein
tegr
atio
n m
echa
nism
in
Alb
ania
is un
dert
aken
alo
ng w
ith s
pecifi
c ac
tions
to
impr
ove
inst
itutio
nal
coor
dina
tion
on r
eint
egra
tion
Exte
nt to
whi
ch c
lear
rol
es
and
resp
onsib
ilitie
s on
re
inte
grat
ion
of r
etur
nees
ar
e all
ocat
ed to
cen
tral
and
loca
l gov
ernm
ent a
s m
uch
as o
ther
act
ors;
20%
incr
ease
in th
e nu
mbe
r of
ret
urne
es
rece
iving
rei
nteg
ratio
n
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
75
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
supp
ort e
ach
year
; sh
are
of m
ales/
fem
ale
bene
ficiar
ies
c. D
esign
and
pro
duce
info
rmat
ion
pack
ages
on
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvice
s an
d co
ntac
ts o
f ser
vice
prov
ider
s to
be
dist
ribut
ed to
Alb
anian
citi
zens
at
bord
er-c
ross
ing
poin
ts a
nd a
t pub
lic
office
s
2020
1,
000,
000
NES
/MoF
ED
BM/M
oIM
ARD
AID
AO
ther
line
m
inist
ries
Loca
l gov
ernm
ent
inst
itutio
nsN
on-g
over
nmen
t st
akeh
olde
rs
Leafl
ets/
pack
ages
on
rein
tegr
atio
n se
rvice
s pr
oduc
ed a
nd d
issem
inat
ed
ever
y ye
ar
Num
ber
of r
etur
ning
A
lban
ian c
itize
ns
reac
hed
and
prov
ided
w
ith in
form
atio
n on
re
inte
grat
ion
serv
ices
per
year
; sha
re o
f male
s/fe
male
be
nefic
iarie
s.
d. T
ake
spec
ific
mea
sure
s th
at fa
cilita
te
the
crea
tion
of s
mall
ent
erpr
ises
by
retu
rnee
s (in
vest
men
t fun
ds, l
egal
aid,
pref
eren
tial l
oans
) also
in th
e co
ntex
t of
the
Alb
anian
Fun
d fo
r D
iasp
ora
Dev
elop
men
t
2021
-202
210
,000
,000
MoF
EA
IDA
SMD
/Fun
dEs
tabl
ishm
ent o
f inv
estm
ent
fund
s, le
gal a
id, p
refe
rent
ial
loan
s fo
r re
turn
ees
Num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ad
vised
by
MC
offi
cials
on
how
to s
et u
p a
busin
ess/
who
est
ablis
hed
a bu
sines
s th
roug
h in
vest
men
t fun
ds,
lega
l aid
, pre
fere
ntial
loan
s fo
r re
turn
ees
e. W
ork
out j
oint
sta
ndar
ds a
nd
proc
edur
es fo
r au
tom
atic
reco
gniti
on
of a
cade
mic
quali
ficat
ions
with
in
the
fram
ewor
k of
the
Regio
nal
Coo
pera
tion
Cou
ncil
(RC
C) o
f Sou
th
East
Eur
ope
2021
-2
022
456,
000
MoE
SY
MEF
AJo
int s
tand
ards
and
pr
oced
ures
agr
eed
upon
fo
r au
tom
atic
reco
gniti
on
of a
cade
mic
quali
ficat
ions
w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
th
e Re
giona
l Coo
pera
tion
Cou
ncil
of S
outh
Eas
t Eu
rope
Num
ber
of A
lban
ian
citize
ns b
enefi
ting
annu
ally
from
rec
ogni
tion
of
thei
r qu
alific
atio
ns in
th
e co
ntex
t of R
CC
co
oper
atio
n;ev
iden
ce o
f the
use
of
thes
e st
anda
rds
by
Alb
anian
aut
horit
ies
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
76
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
f. C
oope
rate
with
priv
ate
sect
or a
nd
voca
tiona
l sch
ools
in A
lban
ia on
th
e de
velo
pmen
t of s
tand
ard
test
s, co
nfirm
ing
actu
al ac
quisi
tion
of
prof
essio
nal s
kills
and
kno
wle
dge
by
thos
e lac
king
form
al ed
ucat
ion
in a
giv
en fi
eld
2020
-2
022
684,
000
MoE
SY
MEF
A
In c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith o
ther
line
M
inist
ries
Tem
plat
es p
ut to
geth
er to
te
st p
rofe
ssio
nal s
kills
and
qu
alific
atio
ns fo
r re
leva
nt
area
s of
exp
ertis
e
Num
ber
of te
st te
mpl
ates
ap
prov
ed fo
r us
eN
umbe
r of
Alb
anian
cit
izens
ben
efitin
g an
nuall
y fro
m r
ecog
nitio
n of
thei
r qu
alific
atio
ns
g. N
egot
iate
and
sign
coop
erat
ion
agre
emen
ts w
ith m
ain d
estin
atio
n co
untr
ies
for
Alb
anian
citi
zens
in th
e fie
ld o
f voc
atio
nal t
rain
ing
and
join
t re
cogn
ition
of t
rain
ing
cert
ifica
tes
2020
-2
022
684,
000
MoE
SYM
oFE
MEF
AM
oJSt
ate
Coo
rdin
ator
of
the
Stat
e C
omm
ittee
for
Dia
spor
a.
New
coo
pera
tion
agre
emen
ts s
igned
with
main
de
stin
atio
n co
untr
ies
for
Alb
anian
citi
zens
in th
e ar
ea
of v
ocat
iona
l tra
inin
g an
d jo
int r
ecog
nitio
n of
train
ing
cert
ifica
tes
Num
ber
of a
gree
men
ts
signe
d; n
umbe
r of
stu
dent
s be
nefit
ing
per
year
C3
Max
imise
the
impa
ct o
f m
igrat
ion
on n
atio
nal
and
loca
l dev
elop
men
t
C3.
1 Pr
omot
e fo
rmal
chan
nellin
g an
d pr
oduc
tive
use
of r
emitt
ance
s a.
Und
erta
ke p
erio
dic
surv
eys
on
Alb
anian
hou
seho
lds’
finan
cial
stra
tegie
s an
d pa
tter
ns o
f use
of
finan
cial i
nstr
umen
ts in
ord
er to
id
entif
y ga
ps in
the
finan
cial s
yste
m
and
oppo
rtun
ities
for
impr
ovem
ent
By th
e en
d of
202
06,
500,
000
BoA
INST
ATW
orld
Ban
kRe
sear
ch d
ata
colle
cted
an
d an
alyse
d in
cludi
ng: (
a)
char
acte
ristic
s of
indi
vidua
l ho
useh
old
flow
s an
d pa
tter
ns o
f use
, (b)
link
s be
twee
n re
mitt
ance
pat
tern
s an
d m
igrat
ion
patt
erns
, (c
) im
pact
of r
emitt
ance
s on
sav
ings
, phy
sical
capi
tal
accu
mul
atio
n, e
duca
tion,
lab
our
supp
ly, a
nd in
com
e in
equa
lity;
d) fi
nanc
ial
inst
rum
ents
use
d fo
r re
mitt
ance
s
Shar
e of
rem
ittan
ces
that
go
thro
ugh
officia
l cha
nnel
s to
the
tota
l num
ber
of
rem
ittan
ces
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
77
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
b. In
crea
se a
cces
s to
ban
king
ser
vices
an
d fin
ancia
l ser
vices
link
ed to
re
mitt
ance
s by
:- f
oste
ring
com
petit
ivene
ss b
y pr
omot
ing
inno
vatio
n, w
hich
, in
turn
, will
be
refle
cted
in e
fficie
nt s
ervic
es in
the
form
of
tran
sact
ion
com
miss
ions
as
wel
l as
the
time
need
ed to
pro
cess
rem
ittan
ces;
- inc
reas
e tr
ansp
aren
cy a
nd c
onsu
mer
pr
otec
tion
thro
ugh
the
adop
tion
of th
e La
w o
n Pa
ymen
t Ser
vices
in th
e Re
publ
ic of
Alb
ania;
- ban
king
edu
catio
n an
d pr
omot
iona
l ca
mpa
igns
targ
etin
g m
igran
ts a
nd
rem
ittan
ce r
ecip
ient
s, su
ch a
s th
e G
reen
back
pro
ject
in B
erat
and
its
repl
icatio
n in
oth
er p
arts
of t
he c
ount
ry
2018
–
2022
1,
400,
000
Gre
enba
ck
is fin
ance
d by
SEC
O,
ther
efor
e th
ere
are
no c
osts
for
NBA
BoA
MEF
AA
ssoc
iatio
n of
Ba
nks
Alb
anian
Fin
ancia
l Su
perv
isory
A
utho
rity
Acc
ess
to b
anki
ng s
ervic
es
linke
d to
rem
ittan
ces
incr
ease
d fo
r re
mitt
ance
se
nder
s th
roug
h se
vera
l m
easu
res
Ann
ual v
olum
e of
re
mitt
ance
s se
nt to
A
lban
ia via
the
bank
ing
netw
ork;
Incr
ease
d fin
ancia
l cul
ture
an
d kn
ow-h
ow; u
se a
nd
poss
essio
n of
fina
ncial
pr
oduc
ts; l
evel
of fi
nanc
ial
inclu
sion;
num
ber
of A
lban
ian
fam
ilies’
bene
fitin
g fro
m
the
Gre
enba
ck p
roje
ct
each
yea
r; Lo
wer
tr
ansa
ctio
n co
sts
for
rem
ittan
ces;
num
ber
of fi
nanc
ial
inst
itutio
ns e
stab
lishe
d to
facil
itate
rem
ittan
ce
tran
sfer
and
relat
ed
serv
ices
in r
ural
area
s.
c. E
ncou
rage
fina
ncial
mar
ket i
nstit
utio
ns
to d
evel
op s
pecifi
c an
d in
nova
tive
prod
ucts
for
migr
ants
and
thei
r fa
milie
s th
roug
h pe
riodi
c co
nsul
tatio
ns
with
fina
ncial
mar
ket i
nstit
utio
ns.
2019
-2
022
760.
000
BoA
Ass
ociat
ion
of
Bank
sA
IDA
Alb
anian
Fin
ancia
l Su
perv
isory
A
utho
rity
Alb
anian
sto
ck
exch
ange
Aca
dem
ia (u
nive
rsiti
es)
Con
sulta
tions
are
hel
d w
ith fi
nanc
ial in
stitu
tions
so
as
to d
evel
op s
pecifi
c an
d in
nova
tive
prod
ucts
for
migr
ants
and
thei
r fa
milie
s
Num
ber
of c
onsu
ltatio
ns
held
; num
ber
and
typo
logy
of
inno
vativ
e pr
oduc
ts
issue
d by
fina
ncial
in
stitu
tions
for
migr
ants
an
d th
eir
fam
ilies
each
yea
r
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
78
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
C3.
2 Pr
omot
e in
vest
men
ts to
Alb
ania
a. D
evel
op a
nd c
ontin
ually
upd
ate
onlin
e an
d offl
ine
mat
erial
s on
cur
rent
in
vest
men
t opp
ortu
nitie
s in
Alb
ania
on th
e ba
sis o
f inf
orm
atio
n co
llect
ed
from
loca
l aut
horit
ies
2020
114,
000
MoF
EA
IDA
IOM
MA
RD
Info
rmat
ion
put t
oget
her
on c
urre
nt in
vest
men
t op
port
uniti
es in
eac
h re
gion,
an
d up
date
d pe
riodi
cally
Num
ber
of in
form
atio
n m
ater
ials
on c
urre
nt
inve
stm
ent o
ppor
tuni
ties
in e
ach
regio
n pu
blish
ed
onlin
e an
d offl
ine
and
diss
emin
ated
am
ong
Alb
anian
com
mun
ities
ab
road
eac
h ye
ar
b. C
arry
out
sur
veys
and
con
duct
re
gular
con
sulta
tions
with
Alb
anian
en
trep
rene
urs
who
are
res
iden
t in
key
dest
inat
ion
coun
trie
s to
gau
ge th
eir
inte
rest
leve
ls in
inve
stin
g in
Alb
ania;
an
d id
entif
y m
ajor
barr
iers
1st s
urve
y by
202
0
Oth
er
surv
eys
ever
y 3
year
s
1,20
0,00
0A
IDA
MEF
AIN
STAT
MoF
EA
IDA
SMD
MA
RDIO
M
Leve
l of D
iasp
ora
inte
rest
in
inve
stin
g in
Alb
ania
and
majo
r ba
rrie
rs to
inve
stm
ent
iden
tified
; find
ings
disc
usse
d am
ong
stak
ehol
ders
Num
ber
of a
ctio
ns
unde
rtak
en to
rem
ove
barr
iers
for
inve
stm
ent
in A
lban
ia fro
m A
lban
ian
Dia
spor
a co
mm
unity
; nu
mbe
r an
d va
lue
of
inve
stm
ents
per
yea
r an
d th
e %
of a
nnua
l inc
reas
e
c. O
ffer
facil
itate
d co
nditi
ons
for
ente
ring
busin
ess-
to-b
usin
ess
cont
acts
w
ith A
lban
ian e
ntre
pren
eurs
(dia
spor
a bu
sines
s ro
oms,
dias
pora
bus
ines
s re
giste
rs)
2021
-2
022
1,00
0,00
0M
EFA
Ince
ntive
s fo
r B
to B
co
oper
atio
n es
tabl
ished
by
the
Gov
of A
lban
ia
Num
ber
of D
iasp
ora
busin
esse
s an
d th
ose
regis
tere
d in
Alb
ania
who
ent
ered
into
a jo
int
coop
erat
ion
each
yea
r; vo
lum
e of
inve
stm
ent i
n th
e co
untr
y th
roug
h B
to
B co
oper
atio
n.
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
79
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e C
: Dev
elop
an
effec
tive
labo
ur m
igra
tion
polic
y w
hile
enh
anci
ng t
he p
ositi
ve im
pact
of m
igra
tion
in t
he
soci
oeco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
of t
he c
ount
ry
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s: n
umbe
r of
citi
zens
em
igra
ting
thro
ugh
regu
lar
mig
ratio
n ch
anne
ls
each
ye
ar;
%
incr
ease
in
the
num
ber
of r
etur
nees
ben
efitin
g fr
om
rein
tegr
atio
n su
ppor
t pr
ovid
ed
by
gove
rnm
ent
inst
itutio
ns in
par
tner
ship
with
oth
er a
ctor
s; %
incr
ease
ac
cess
to
bank
ing
serv
ices
and
fina
ncia
l ser
vice
s lin
ked
to r
emitt
ance
s
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. E
ngag
e D
iasp
ora
grou
ps in
nat
iona
l an
d lo
cal d
evel
opm
ent t
hrou
gh
spec
ial p
rogr
amm
es d
esign
ed fo
r th
is pu
rpos
e
2020
-202
171,
000
MoF
ESM
DM
ARD
IOM
Proj
ects
/initi
ative
s fo
r en
gage
men
t of D
iasp
ora
grou
ps in
nat
iona
l and
loca
l de
velo
pmen
t ide
ntifi
ed a
nd
prop
osed
for
Gov
ernm
ent
fund
ing
Num
ber
of d
iasp
ora
enga
gem
ent p
roje
cts
impl
emen
ted;
num
ber
of
citize
ns b
enefi
ting
each
ye
ar;
Exte
nt to
whi
ch th
e in
itiat
ives
addr
ess
the
loca
l/na
tiona
l dev
elop
men
t ne
eds
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
80
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
D1
Ensu
re th
at a
co
mpr
ehen
sive
non-
disc
rimin
atio
n fr
amew
ork
prot
ects
m
igran
ts’ r
ights
eff
ectiv
ely
D1.
1 Ex
tend
lega
l gua
rant
ees
of n
on-
disc
rimin
atio
n to
all
pers
ons
resid
ing
in th
e te
rrito
rya.
Car
ry o
ut a
com
preh
ensiv
e re
view
of
the
stat
e of
impl
emen
tatio
n of
in
tern
atio
nal i
nstr
umen
ts a
nd th
eir
impa
ct o
n th
e po
sitio
n of
non
-na
tiona
ls w
hilst
iden
tifyi
ng s
pecifi
c pr
otec
tion
gaps
. Con
sider
gra
ntin
g ce
rtain
righ
ts to
fore
igner
s, en
visag
ed
in th
e C
onve
ntio
n on
the
Part
icipa
tion
of F
orei
gner
s in
Pub
lic L
ife a
t Loc
al Le
vel
2019
-202
21,
520,
000
MoI
In c
oope
ratio
n w
ith a
n In
tera
genc
y W
orki
ng G
roup
A r
evie
w o
f the
sta
te
of im
plem
enta
tion
of
inte
rnat
iona
l ins
trum
ents
an
d th
eir
impa
ct o
n th
e po
sitio
n of
non
-nat
iona
ls is
unde
rtak
en w
ith
reco
mm
enda
tions
to a
ddre
ss
prot
ectio
n ga
ps w
hich
are
th
en s
hare
d w
ith r
elev
ant
stak
ehol
ders
;W
hite
pap
er o
n th
e im
plica
tions
of g
rant
ing
addi
tiona
l righ
ts to
fore
ign
natio
nals
Num
ber
of a
dmin
istra
tive/
lega
l act
s pa
ssed
to
addr
ess
the
gaps
in
mee
ting
inte
rnat
iona
l ob
ligat
ions
for
the
prot
ectio
n no
n-na
tiona
ls
Whi
te p
aper
sub
mitt
ed to
th
e C
ounc
il of
Min
ister
s w
ith s
pecifi
c le
gal
reco
mm
enda
tions
b. C
arry
out
an
asse
ssm
ent o
f nee
ds
to r
egul
ate
labou
r re
latio
ns, i
nvol
ving
fore
igner
s in
divid
ually
em
ploy
ed
in A
lban
ia, i
n pa
rticu
lar, c
onsid
er
exte
ndin
g th
e La
bour
Cod
e gu
aran
tees
(inc
ludi
ng th
e re
quire
men
t to
sign
a w
ritte
n co
ntra
ct w
ith a
fo
reign
wor
ker,
offer
ing
guar
ante
es
of d
ue p
aym
ent o
f wag
es a
nd
com
plian
ce w
ith s
afet
y st
anda
rds)
to
all
migr
ant w
orke
rs e
mpl
oyed
in
Alb
ania
By th
e en
d of
202
011
4,00
0M
oFE
MEF
AM
oIN
ES/M
oFE
A li
st o
f wha
t is
need
ed to
re
gulat
e lab
our
relat
ions
of
fore
ign w
orke
rs in
Alb
ania;
it
is sh
ared
with
rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
Num
ber
of a
dmin
istra
tive/
lega
l act
s pa
ssed
to
impr
ove
the
regu
latio
n of
labo
ur r
elat
ions
for
fore
ign w
orke
rs b
ased
on
the
findi
ngs
of th
e ne
eds
asse
ssm
ent
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
81
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
c. T
ake
mea
sure
s to
pro
vide
rem
uner
atio
n fo
r all
com
plet
ed
wor
k fo
r m
igran
t wor
kers
, reg
ardl
ess
of th
eir
lega
l sta
tus.
Intr
oduc
e a
proc
edur
e es
tabl
ishin
g th
e te
rms
of
enfo
rcem
ent a
pplic
able
to ir
regu
lar
wor
kers
2021
-2
022
304,
000
MoF
EIn
tera
genc
y W
orki
ng G
roup
Lega
l, a
dmin
istra
tive
and/
or p
roce
dura
l cha
nges
pr
opos
ed to
intr
oduc
e th
e rig
ht to
full
rem
uner
atio
n fo
r all
com
plet
ed w
ork
migr
ants
ha
ve u
nder
take
n
Lega
l cha
nges
pas
sed
in P
arlia
men
t or
adm
inist
rativ
e pr
oced
ures
in
trod
uced
, and
num
ber
of m
igran
t wor
kers
who
ha
ve b
enefi
tted
from
them
ye
arly
D1.
2 Ra
ise m
igran
ts’ a
war
enes
s of
thei
r rig
hts
and
how
they
are
enf
orce
da.
Run
info
rmat
ion
cam
paign
s am
ong
fore
igner
s on
the
appl
icatio
n of
no
n-di
scrim
inat
ion
norm
s an
d on
th
e pr
oced
ures
for
enfo
rcin
g th
eir
right
s. Pr
ovid
e th
em in
the
main
lan
guag
es s
poke
n by
migr
ants
, in
cludi
ng in
form
atio
n on
the
serv
ices
prov
ided
by
the
Com
miss
ione
r ag
ainst
D
iscrim
inat
ion
2019
-202
24,
800,
000
all li
ne m
inist
ries
Om
buds
man
Com
miss
ione
r A
gain
st
Disc
rimin
atio
n
Info
rmat
ion
cam
paign
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e or
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sed
amon
g fo
reign
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on th
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plica
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of n
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rimin
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rms
and
on
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proc
edur
es fo
r en
forc
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r rig
hts
Num
ber
of m
igran
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reac
hed
thro
ugh
cam
paign
s on
non
-di
scrim
inat
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norm
s; nu
mbe
r of
mat
erial
s pr
oduc
ed a
nd
diss
emin
ated
; num
ber
of m
igran
ts s
eeki
ng le
gal
rem
edie
s ea
ch y
ear
b. P
rovid
e fre
e le
gal a
ssist
ance
and
in
form
atio
n on
righ
ts to
det
ained
irr
egul
ar m
igran
ts
By th
e en
d of
202
01,
020,
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MoJ
Free
lega
l cli
nics
run
by
Civi
l Soc
iety
O
rgan
izatio
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Free
lega
l ass
istan
ce a
nd
info
rmat
ion
on r
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pr
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ed to
det
ained
irr
egul
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igran
ts
Num
ber
of d
etain
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ular
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ants
rec
eivin
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e le
gal a
ssist
ance
eac
h ye
ar; s
hare
of m
ale/fe
male
m
igran
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c. W
hile
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a w
ork
and
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orm
ative
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of im
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acts
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and
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acts
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nstit
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bodi
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genc
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to g
et in
Num
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of in
form
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n le
aflet
s on
migr
ants
’ righ
ts
diss
emin
ated
alo
ng w
ith
cont
act d
etail
s of
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
82
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
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heir
inte
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Out
com
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dica
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%
incr
ease
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ong
mig
rant
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pula
tion
who
dem
onst
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ess
of t
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reig
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num
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igra
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thei
r fa
mily
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irin
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re
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stat
us a
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itize
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p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
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ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
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Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
agen
cies
to b
e re
ache
d in
cas
e th
eir
right
s ar
e vio
lated
touc
h w
ith in
cas
e th
eir
right
s ar
e vio
lated
inst
itutio
ns to
app
roac
h in
cas
e of
thei
r rig
hts
are
violat
ed
D1.
3 Im
prov
e eff
ectiv
enes
s an
d m
onito
ring
of p
rote
ctio
n m
echa
nism
sa.
Rev
iew
cur
rent
act
ivitie
s of
the
Non
-D
iscrim
inat
ion
Com
miss
ione
r in
the
mon
itorin
g an
d pr
otec
tion
of th
e rig
hts
of fo
reign
ers
resid
ing
in A
lban
ia,
in p
artic
ular
to th
e en
forc
emen
t of
prin
ciple
of n
on-d
iscrim
inat
ion
and,
if
nece
ssar
y, co
nsid
er a
ssign
ing
a sp
ecifi
c offi
cer
focu
sed
on th
e ob
serv
ance
of
the
resp
ect o
f the
prin
ciple
of n
on-
disc
rimin
atio
n of
fore
igner
s
2020
133,
000
Com
miss
ione
r A
gain
st
Disc
rimin
atio
n
Parli
amen
tRe
port
sub
mitt
ed b
y th
e C
omm
issio
ner
to
the
Cou
ncil
of M
inist
ers
with
iden
tified
gap
s an
d re
com
men
datio
ns
Allo
catio
n of
the
nece
ssar
y re
sour
ces
to th
e C
omm
issio
ner,
inclu
ding
a
dedi
cate
d sp
ecial
ist w
ho
shall
mon
itor
the
prin
ciple
of
non
-disc
rimin
atio
n of
fo
reign
ers
is ob
serv
ed
b. B
ased
on
the
abov
e re
view
, int
rodu
ce
a re
gular
rep
ortin
g pr
oced
ure
on
the
mon
itorin
g of
obs
erva
nce
of th
e pr
incip
le o
f non
-disc
rimin
atio
n of
the
right
s of
migr
ants
2019
-202
260
8,00
0C
omm
issio
ner
Aga
inst
D
iscrim
inat
ion
The
Com
miss
ione
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gain
st D
iscrim
inat
ion
has
intr
oduc
ed a
reg
ular
re
port
ing
proc
edur
e
Num
ber
of p
erio
dic
repo
rts
on th
e po
sitio
n of
fo
reign
ers
in th
e A
lban
ian
labou
r m
arke
t com
pile
d an
d sh
ared
with
rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
c. E
stab
lish
a ce
ntra
l uni
t at t
he L
abou
r In
spec
tora
te fo
r th
e de
tect
ion
and
inve
stiga
tion
of v
iolat
ions
aga
inst
fo
reign
wor
kers
2021
-202
2 2,
986,
000
Labo
ur
Insp
ecto
rate
MoF
EA
ded
icate
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it at
the
Labo
ur In
spec
tora
te
dete
ctin
g an
d in
vest
igatin
g vio
latio
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gain
st fo
reign
w
orke
rs is
est
ablis
hed
and
up
and
runn
ing
Num
ber
of c
ases
of
violat
ions
aga
inst
fore
ign
wor
kers
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ecte
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d in
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igate
d pe
r ye
ar b
y th
e ne
w U
nit e
stab
lishe
d at
the
Labo
ur In
spec
tora
te
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
83
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
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aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
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t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
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ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
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cted
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d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. In
crea
se th
e ca
pacit
ies
of th
e ju
dicia
ry
and
law e
nfor
cem
ent a
genc
ies
(judg
es,
pros
ecut
ors,
polic
e offi
cers
, lab
our
insp
ecto
rs) t
o de
tect
and
pro
secu
te
case
s of
vio
latio
n of
imm
igran
t righ
ts
thro
ugh
targ
eted
train
ings
2019
-202
21,
440,
000
MoI
IOM
Scho
ol o
f M
agist
rate
EUD
Train
ing
sess
ions
org
anise
d fo
r th
e ju
dicia
ry a
nd la
w
enfo
rcem
ent a
genc
ies
on
dete
ctio
n an
d pr
osec
utio
n of
cas
es o
f vio
latio
n of
im
migr
ants
’ righ
ts
Num
ber
of ju
dicia
ry s
taff
train
ed e
very
yea
r on
how
to
det
ect a
nd p
rose
cute
vio
latio
n of
imm
igran
t rig
hts;
shar
e of
male
/fe
male
s
D2
Iden
tify
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lner
able
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egor
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prog
ram
min
g an
d de
liver
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assis
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D2.
1 Ta
ilor
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mee
t spe
cific
need
s of
chi
ldre
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d yo
uth
a. E
nsur
e th
at th
e le
gal a
nd in
stitu
tiona
l fr
amew
ork
prov
ides
she
lter
to
Alb
anian
una
ccom
pani
ed c
hild
ren
who
cro
ss th
e bo
rder
irre
gular
ly a
nd
that
ade
quat
e re
sour
ces
are
alloc
ated
to
this
purp
ose
By th
e en
d of
202
05,
760,
000
MoH
SPM
oIM
oJA
men
dmen
t of t
he L
aw
on S
ocial
Car
e Se
rvice
s to
pro
vide
shel
ter
to
unac
com
pani
ed c
hild
ren
who
cr
oss
the
bord
er ir
regu
larly
Sett
ing
asid
e a
rese
rve
fund
to
be
disb
urse
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r ho
ldin
g fa
ciliti
es
Num
ber
of ir
regu
lar
UA
Ms
prov
ided
with
sh
elte
r ea
ch y
ear
Exte
nt to
whi
ch a
lloca
ted
fund
s ar
e be
ing
disb
urse
d
b. T
rack
the
leve
l of p
rovis
ion
of
socia
l car
e an
d su
ppor
t to
Alb
anian
un
docu
men
ted
migr
ant c
hild
ren
retu
rned
by
coun
trie
s of
des
tinat
ion
who
se fa
milie
s ar
e no
t ide
ntifi
ed o
r ha
ve b
een
cons
ider
ed a
s ab
ando
ned
by th
eir
pare
nts
and
reve
al ga
ps
By th
e en
d of
202
022
8,00
0M
oHSP
DBM
/MoI
Regu
lar r
epor
ts o
n th
e le
vel
of p
rovis
ion
and
gaps
to b
e ad
dres
sed
Impr
oved
cov
erag
e w
ith
socia
l car
e an
d su
ppor
t of
the
undo
cum
ente
d m
igran
t chi
ldre
n w
ho w
ere
retu
rned
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
84
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
D2.
2 A
ddre
ss s
pecifi
c ne
eds
of m
igran
tsa.
Ass
ess
exist
ing
legis
latio
n,
adm
inist
rativ
e pr
oced
ures
and
job
assis
tanc
e sc
hem
es to
iden
tify
barr
iers
to
em
ploy
men
t and
pro
tect
ion
of
the
right
s of
wom
en o
n th
e lab
our
mar
ket (
with
a fo
cus
on im
migr
ant
wom
en)
By th
e en
d of
202
030
4,00
0M
oFE
NES
ISI
MoH
SPIO
MN
GO
s ac
tive
in
prte
ctin
g w
omen
rig
hts
Lega
l and
adm
inist
rativ
e fr
amew
ork
asse
ssed
and
ba
rrie
rs th
at im
pede
the
empl
oym
ent o
f migr
ant
wom
en o
r th
e pr
otec
tion
of
thei
r rig
hts
are
iden
tified
Num
ber
of le
gal/
adm
inist
rativ
e am
endm
ents
pas
sed
to e
nsur
e ac
cess
to
empl
oym
ent a
nd
prot
ectio
n of
wom
en in
th
e lab
our
mar
ket
b. B
ased
on
the
resu
lts o
f the
rev
iew
, de
velo
p an
d im
plem
ent t
arge
ted
mea
sure
s fo
r pr
omot
ing
migr
ant
wom
en’s
acce
ss to
the
Alb
anian
lab
our
mar
ket.
Con
sider
train
ing
fem
ale a
ssist
ants
to d
o co
nsul
tatio
ns
with
migr
ant w
omen
, pub
licat
ion
of
leafl
ets
in th
e m
ain la
ngua
ges
used
by
migr
ant w
omen
info
rmin
g th
em
of c
onta
cts
to s
tate
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
NG
Os
assis
ting
in jo
b-se
ekin
g
2021
-202
248
0,00
0M
oFE
Targ
eted
mea
sure
s ta
ken
to
prom
ote
migr
ant w
omen
’s ac
cess
to th
e A
lban
ian la
bour
m
arke
t
Num
ber
of le
aflet
s pr
oduc
ed in
the
main
lan
guag
es u
sed
by m
igran
t w
omen
, and
diss
emin
ated
to
info
rm th
em o
f the
co
ntac
ts d
etail
s of
sta
te
inst
itutio
ns a
nd N
GO
s th
at
can
help
with
job-
seek
ing
D3
Impr
ove
cond
ition
s fo
r th
e so
cioec
onom
ic an
d cu
ltura
l int
egra
tion
of
migr
ants
D3.
1 G
uara
ntee
equ
al ac
cess
to s
ocial
se
curit
ya.
Iden
tify
cate
gorie
s of
fore
ign
resid
ents
who
are
not
cov
ered
by
socia
l sec
urity
, det
ect r
easo
ns fo
r th
eir
non-
cove
rage
and
sub
mit
reco
mm
enda
tions
on
rele
vant
lega
l an
d pr
oced
ural
amen
dmen
ts
2019
-202
21,
641,
600
ISI/M
oFE
Cou
ncil
of
Min
ister
sPr
opos
als fo
r am
endm
ents
to
the
2016
Law
on
Socia
l Se
rvice
s an
d im
plem
entin
g le
gislat
ion
Num
ber
of p
ropo
sals
appr
oved
by
the
Cou
ncil
of M
inist
ers
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
85
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
D2.
2 A
ddre
ss s
pecifi
c ne
eds
of m
igran
tsa.
Ass
ess
exist
ing
legis
latio
n,
adm
inist
rativ
e pr
oced
ures
and
job
assis
tanc
e sc
hem
es to
iden
tify
barr
iers
to
em
ploy
men
t and
pro
tect
ion
of
the
right
s of
wom
en o
n th
e lab
our
mar
ket (
with
a fo
cus
on im
migr
ant
wom
en)
By th
e en
d of
202
030
4,00
0M
oFE
NES
ISI
MoH
SPIO
MN
GO
s ac
tive
in
prte
ctin
g w
omen
rig
hts
Lega
l and
adm
inist
rativ
e fr
amew
ork
asse
ssed
and
ba
rrie
rs th
at im
pede
the
empl
oym
ent o
f migr
ant
wom
en o
r th
e pr
otec
tion
of
thei
r rig
hts
are
iden
tified
Num
ber
of le
gal/
adm
inist
rativ
e am
endm
ents
pas
sed
to e
nsur
e ac
cess
to
empl
oym
ent a
nd
prot
ectio
n of
wom
en in
th
e lab
our
mar
ket
b. B
ased
on
the
resu
lts o
f the
rev
iew
, de
velo
p an
d im
plem
ent t
arge
ted
mea
sure
s fo
r pr
omot
ing
migr
ant
wom
en’s
acce
ss to
the
Alb
anian
lab
our
mar
ket.
Con
sider
train
ing
fem
ale a
ssist
ants
to d
o co
nsul
tatio
ns
with
migr
ant w
omen
, pub
licat
ion
of
leafl
ets
in th
e m
ain la
ngua
ges
used
by
migr
ant w
omen
info
rmin
g th
em
of c
onta
cts
to s
tate
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
NG
Os
assis
ting
in jo
b-se
ekin
g
2021
-202
248
0,00
0M
oFE
Targ
eted
mea
sure
s ta
ken
to
prom
ote
migr
ant w
omen
’s ac
cess
to th
e A
lban
ian la
bour
m
arke
t
Num
ber
of le
aflet
s pr
oduc
ed in
the
main
lan
guag
es u
sed
by m
igran
t w
omen
, and
diss
emin
ated
to
info
rm th
em o
f the
co
ntac
ts d
etail
s of
sta
te
inst
itutio
ns a
nd N
GO
s th
at
can
help
with
job-
seek
ing
D3
Impr
ove
cond
ition
s fo
r th
e so
cioec
onom
ic an
d cu
ltura
l int
egra
tion
of
migr
ants
D3.
1 G
uara
ntee
equ
al ac
cess
to s
ocial
se
curit
ya.
Iden
tify
cate
gorie
s of
fore
ign
resid
ents
who
are
not
cov
ered
by
socia
l sec
urity
, det
ect r
easo
ns fo
r th
eir
non-
cove
rage
and
sub
mit
reco
mm
enda
tions
on
rele
vant
lega
l an
d pr
oced
ural
amen
dmen
ts
2019
-202
21,
641,
600
ISI/M
oFE
Cou
ncil
of
Min
ister
sPr
opos
als fo
r am
endm
ents
to
the
2016
Law
on
Socia
l Se
rvice
s an
d im
plem
entin
g le
gislat
ion
Num
ber
of p
ropo
sals
appr
oved
by
the
Cou
ncil
of M
inist
ers
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
b. T
arge
t the
cat
egor
ies
of fo
reign
ers
iden
tified
as
leas
t cov
ered
with
in
form
atio
n on
opp
ortu
nitie
s an
d be
nefit
s of
nat
iona
l soc
ial s
ecur
ity
cove
rage
by th
e en
d of
202
060
0,00
0IS
I/MoF
EFo
reign
ers
are
info
rmed
on
the
oppo
rtun
ities
and
be
nefit
s of
nat
iona
l sec
urity
Num
ber
of le
aflet
s on
op
port
uniti
es a
nd b
enefi
ts
of n
atio
nal s
ecur
ity
cove
rage
dist
ribut
ed; n
o of
fo
reign
ers
info
rmed
eac
h ye
ar; s
hare
of m
ale/fe
male
s
c. U
nder
take
nec
essa
ry c
hang
es in
the
lega
l fra
mew
ork
to e
nsur
e ac
cess
to
socia
l car
e fo
r all
cat
egor
ies
of m
igran
t ch
ildre
n
2020
-2
022
570,
000
ISI/M
oFE
MoH
SPM
oJIO
MM
unici
palit
ies
UN
ICEF
Revis
ion
of th
e 20
16 L
aw o
n So
cial S
ervic
es u
nder
take
n to
ens
ure
all c
ateg
orie
s of
m
igran
t chi
ldre
n ha
ve a
cces
s to
soc
ial c
are
% in
crea
se in
the
tota
l nu
mbe
r of
migr
ant
child
ren
bene
fitin
g fro
m
socia
l car
e in
Alb
ania
ever
y ye
ar
D3.
2 Pr
ovid
e ad
equa
te a
cces
s to
ho
usin
g, h
ealth
car
e an
d ed
ucat
ion
a. Id
entif
y an
d re
mov
e ac
cess
bar
riers
to
publ
ic se
rvice
s so
irre
gular
migr
ants
ca
n pa
rtak
e in
them
. In
part
icular
, re
view
opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r th
e pr
ovisi
on
of p
rimar
y ed
ucat
ion
to c
hild
ren
of
irreg
ular
migr
ants
and
bas
ic he
alth
care
to fo
reign
ers
lacki
ng r
egul
ar
stat
us (e
xten
ding
bey
ond
emer
genc
y ca
re)
By th
e en
d of
202
022
8,00
0M
oHSP
M0F
EM
oILe
gal c
hang
es, i
f nec
essa
ry,
unde
rtak
en g
rant
ing
prim
ary
educ
atio
n to
chi
ldre
n of
irr
egul
ar m
igran
ts a
nd b
asic
healt
h ca
re to
fore
igner
s lac
king
reg
ular
sta
tus
Num
ber
of fo
reign
ers/
child
ren
bene
fitin
g fro
m
prim
ary
educ
atio
n an
d ba
sic h
ealth
car
e ev
ery
year
b. In
crea
se a
cces
s to
pub
lic s
ervic
es fo
r fo
reign
res
iden
ts b
y pr
ovid
ing
them
w
ith in
form
atio
n (w
ebsit
es, m
obile
ap
ps, l
eafle
ts, c
onsu
ltativ
e po
ints
at
rele
vant
sta
te o
ffice
s) o
n el
igibi
lity,
scop
e of
ent
itlem
ents
, nec
essa
ry
docu
men
tatio
n, e
tc. i
n lan
guag
es th
ey
spea
k
2019
-202
22,
000,
000
AD
ISA
All
line
Min
istrie
s re
spon
sible
fo
r th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
is A
ctio
n Pl
an
Acc
ess
to p
ublic
ser
vices
fo
r fo
reign
res
iden
ts in
A
lban
ia in
crea
sed
thro
ugh
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
Num
ber
of fo
reign
re
siden
ts in
Alb
ania
who
rec
eive
info
rmat
ion
annu
ally
on p
ublic
ser
vices
th
roug
h A
DIS
A c
ount
ers
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
86
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
c. T
rain
med
ical d
octo
rs, n
urse
s an
d ho
spita
l and
hea
lth-c
are
pers
onne
l so
as to
impr
ove
serv
ices
to fo
reign
ers
and
migr
ant w
orke
rs in
the
coun
try
by b
ette
r un
ders
tand
ing
thei
r re
spec
tive
healt
h ris
ks a
nd h
ealth
so
cial d
eter
min
ants
as
wel
l as
thei
r cu
lture
’s im
pact
on
healt
h an
d illn
esse
s
2019
-202
280
0,00
0M
oHSP
WH
OD
octo
rs, n
urse
s an
d ho
spita
l an
d he
alth-
care
per
sonn
el
train
ed to
impr
ove
serv
ice
prov
ision
to fo
reign
ers
and
migr
ant w
orke
rs in
the
coun
try
No
of m
edica
l doc
tors
, nu
rses
and
hos
pita
l and
he
alth-
care
per
sonn
el
train
ed o
n se
rvice
del
ivery
to
fore
igner
s an
d m
igran
t w
orke
rs in
the
coun
try
D3.
3 D
esign
and
impl
emen
t ded
icate
d in
tegr
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
esa.
Com
miss
ion
an in
-dep
th a
sses
smen
t of
inte
grat
ion
cond
ition
s an
d ba
rrie
rs
as w
ell a
s pa
tter
ns o
f use
of e
xist
ing
serv
ices
by in
terv
iew
ing
fore
igner
s re
sidin
g in
Alb
ania
to r
evea
l the
ne
ed to
des
ign d
edica
ted
inte
grat
ion
prog
ram
mes
By th
e en
d of
202
01,
500,
000
MoI
M
oHSP
MoE
YSM
TEM
CIO
M
MFE
MEF
AO
mbu
dsm
an
In-d
epth
ass
essm
ent
of th
e in
tegr
atio
n of
fo
reign
ers
resid
ing
in
Alb
ania
unde
rtak
en, a
nd
spec
ific
reco
mm
enda
tions
id
entifi
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
othe
r st
akeh
olde
rs s
o as
to
desig
n de
dica
ted
inte
grat
ion
prog
ram
mes
Road
map
for
esta
blish
men
t of p
ilot a
nd
perm
anen
t pro
gram
mes
on
inte
grat
ion
com
pile
d an
d im
plem
ente
d
b. T
hrou
gh in
ter-
agen
cy c
onsu
ltatio
ns,
desig
n pr
ogra
mm
es ta
rget
ing
the
need
s of
vul
nera
ble
cate
gorie
s of
fo
reign
ers,
and
mon
itor
the
dem
and
for
cert
ain s
ervic
es
2021
-2
022
6,00
0,00
0M
oHSP
All
line
Min
istrie
s re
spon
sible
fo
r th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
is A
ctio
n Pl
an
Pilo
t pro
gram
mes
des
igned
ad
dres
sing
the
need
s of
vu
lner
able
gro
ups
of fo
reign
cit
izens
in A
lban
ia; th
ey a
re
regu
larly
mon
itore
d
Num
ber
of p
ilot
initi
ative
s im
plem
ente
d to
en
hanc
e th
e in
tegr
atio
n of
vul
nera
ble
grou
ps o
f fo
reign
ers
in A
lban
ia;
num
ber
of m
igran
ts
bene
fitin
g
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
87
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
ever
y ye
ar fr
om th
e pr
ogra
mm
es
c. B
ased
on
the
resu
lts o
f the
m
onito
ring
wor
k, e
stab
lish
perm
anen
t de
dica
ted
inte
grat
ion
prog
ram
mes
an
d m
odify
them
acc
ordi
ng to
ch
angin
g de
man
d
2021
-2
022
1,14
0,00
0M
oIA
ll lin
e M
inist
ries
resp
onsib
le
for
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
th
is A
ctio
n Pl
an
Perm
anen
t ded
icate
d in
tegr
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
es
for
fore
ign c
itize
ns r
esid
ing
in A
lban
ia es
tabl
ished
and
m
onito
red
Num
ber
of p
erm
anen
t re
inte
grat
ion
prog
ram
mes
fo
r fo
reign
ers
desig
ned;
siz
e of
the
budg
et
alloc
ated
ann
ually
D4
Prov
ide
dura
ble
lega
l so
lutio
ns fo
r im
migr
ants
D
4.1
Facil
itate
acq
uisit
ion
of lo
ng-t
erm
re
siden
ce a
nd m
ake
the
stat
us
dura
ble
a. C
ontin
ually
alig
n th
e lo
ng-t
erm
re
siden
ce p
erm
it pr
oced
ure
with
the
EU a
cqui
s
By th
e en
d of
202
019
0,00
0M
oIM
oJPe
riodi
c re
port
s on
the
nece
ssar
y ch
ange
s in
the
long
-ter
m r
esid
ence
per
mit
proc
edur
e ali
gnin
g na
tiona
l le
gislat
ion
with
the
EU a
cqui
s
Num
ber
of a
men
dmen
ts
adop
ted
to th
e La
w o
n A
liens
inco
rpor
atin
g EU
ac
quis
norm
s in
the
long
-te
rm r
esid
ence
per
mit
proc
edur
e
b. N
otify
app
lican
ts in
writ
ing
on th
e gr
ound
s fo
r re
fusa
l and
of t
he a
ppea
l pr
oced
ure
By th
e en
d of
202
076
0,00
0M
oISt
anda
rd w
ritte
n no
tifica
tions
on
the
grou
nds f
or th
e re
fusa
l of t
he a
pplic
atio
n an
d in
form
atio
n on
the
appe
al pr
oced
ure
for l
ong-
term
re
siden
ce p
repa
red
and
used
Num
ber
of s
tand
ard
writ
ten
notifi
catio
ns o
n re
fusa
l and
num
ber
of
appe
al pr
oced
ures
for
long
-ter
m r
esid
ence
pe
rmit
c. T
arge
ting
appl
icant
s of
long
-ter
m
resid
ence
, put
toge
ther
info
rmat
ion
mat
erial
s th
at c
lear
ly in
terp
ret t
he
requ
irem
ents
(in
part
icular
, the
co
ntin
uous
res
iden
ce p
erio
d an
d lan
guag
e pr
oficie
ncy)
and
des
crib
e th
e pr
oced
ure
for
long
-ter
m r
esid
ence
By th
e en
d of
202
030
0,00
0M
oIIn
fo m
ater
ials
on
requ
irem
ents
for
long
-ter
m
resid
ence
pre
pare
d an
d di
ssem
inat
ed
Num
ber
of in
fo m
ater
ials
on r
equi
rem
ents
for
long
-ter
m r
esid
ence
di
ssem
inat
ed e
very
yea
r
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
88
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
d. E
nsur
e th
at th
e pr
incip
le o
f fam
ily
life a
nd in
tere
sts
of th
e ch
ild a
re
cons
ider
ed w
hen
revie
win
g ca
ses
of c
ance
llatio
n/te
rmin
atio
n of
the
long
-ter
m r
esid
ence
sta
tus.
Exce
pt
in c
ases
of g
enui
ne th
reat
to p
ublic
or
der
and
natio
nal s
ecur
ity, p
rovid
e op
port
uniti
es fo
r re
-app
licat
ion
By th
e en
d of
202
076
0,00
0M
oIRe
duct
ion
in n
umbe
r of
ex
pulsi
ons;
incr
ease
in
num
ber
of v
olun
tary
ret
urns
Num
ber
of c
ases
of
expu
lsion
and
re-
appl
icatio
n fo
llow
ing
depa
rtur
e
D4.
2 Pr
ovid
e a
clear
pat
h to
war
d cit
izens
hip
a. S
et s
tand
ard
dead
lines
for
the
dura
tion
of th
e na
tura
lisat
ion
proc
edur
e an
d in
trod
uce
oblig
ator
y no
tifica
tion
of th
e ap
plica
nt w
hen
the
Pres
iden
t’s d
ecisi
on c
anno
t be
given
w
ithin
the
stan
dard
defi
ned
perio
d
2019
-202
23,
040,
000
MoI
Stan
dard
dea
dlin
es fo
r th
e du
ratio
n of
the
natu
ralis
atio
n pr
oced
ure
and
rele
vant
no
tifica
tions
set
and
app
lied
Num
ber
of im
migr
ants
w
ho a
pply
for
natu
ralis
atio
n an
nuall
y
b. N
otify
the
appl
icant
s in
writ
ing
of th
e ou
tcom
e of
the
revie
w b
y th
e M
inist
ry o
f Int
erio
r an
d of
the
Pres
iden
t’s d
ecisi
on, s
tipul
atin
g gr
ound
s fo
r re
fusa
l
By th
e en
d of
202
091
2,00
0M
oIW
ritte
n no
tifica
tion
proc
edur
e on
ref
usal
of A
lban
ian c
itize
nshi
p es
tabl
ished
and
app
lied
Num
ber
of a
pplic
ants
no
tified
in w
ritin
g on
the
grou
nds
for
refu
sal o
f A
lban
ian c
itize
nshi
p
c. T
arge
ting
non-
Alb
anian
s ap
plyi
ng fo
r cit
izens
hip,
dra
ft in
form
atio
n m
ater
ials
that
cle
arly
set
out
and
inte
rpre
t th
e re
quire
men
ts, i
n pa
rticu
lar th
e co
ntin
uous
res
iden
ce p
erio
d an
d lan
guag
e pr
oficie
ncy,
and
desc
ribe
the
proc
edur
e
By th
e en
d of
202
030
0,00
0M
oIIn
form
atio
n m
ater
ials
targ
etin
g ap
plica
nts
for
Alb
anian
citi
zens
hip
diss
emin
ated
to in
form
on
requ
irem
ents
and
pro
cedu
re
Num
ber
of in
form
atio
n m
ater
ials
to a
pplic
ants
fo
r A
lban
ian c
itize
nshi
p di
ssem
inat
ed
The National Strategy on Migration and Action Plan 2019 – 2022
89
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e D
: Pro
mot
e an
d pr
otec
t m
igra
nts’
righ
ts a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
Out
com
e In
dica
tor/
s:
%
incr
ease
am
ong
mig
rant
po
pula
tion
who
dem
onst
rate
aw
aren
ess
of t
heir
rig
hts
and
seek
enf
orce
men
t of
leg
isla
tion;
num
ber
of c
ases
of
vi
olat
ions
ag
ains
t fo
reig
n w
orke
rs
dete
cted
an
d in
vest
igat
ed b
y st
ate
bodi
es;
num
ber
of m
igra
nts
and
thei
r fa
mily
m
embe
rs
acqu
irin
g lo
ng-t
erm
re
side
nt
stat
us a
nd c
itize
nshi
p ea
ch y
ear
No.
Sub-
obje
ctiv
eA
ctio
ns t
o be
tak
enTi
mel
ine
Fina
ncia
l re
sour
ces
in
ALL
Resp
onsi
ble
Uni
tsO
utpu
ts a
nd In
dica
tors
Lead
Age
ncy
Toge
ther
with
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rs
D4.
3 G
uara
ntee
the
lega
l sta
tus
of
fam
ily m
embe
rs
a. In
line
with
the
Con
vent
ion
on th
e Ri
ghts
of M
igran
ts a
nd T
heir
Fam
ily
Mem
bers
, am
end
the
Law
on
Alie
ns
to li
st th
e rig
hts
of fa
mily
mem
bers
of
the
lega
lly r
esid
ent f
orei
gner
s an
d affi
rm th
e pr
incip
le o
f the
ir eq
ual
stat
us
By th
e en
d of
202
076
0,00
0M
oIM
oFE
MEF
AM
oHSP
IOM
Cha
nges
to th
e La
w o
n A
liens
und
erta
ken
to li
st th
e rig
hts
of fa
mily
mem
bers
of
the
lega
lly r
esid
ent f
orei
gner
s an
d affi
rm th
e pr
incip
le o
f th
eir
equa
l sta
tus
Lega
l am
endm
ents
ap
prov
ed b
y Pa
rliam
ent
b. G
uara
ntee
the
right
of f
amily
m
embe
rs to
obt
ain in
depe
nden
t re
siden
ce p
erm
its w
hen
cond
ition
s ar
e m
et
By th
e en
d of
202
030
4,00
0M
oILe
gislat
ive c
hang
e,
form
ulat
ing
the
right
ex
plici
tly
Stat
istics
of t
he fa
mily
m
embe
rs a
pply
ing
for
inde
pend
ent p
erm
its in
ca
se o
f dea
th o
r di
vorc
e
c. In
the
inte
rpre
tatio
n of
Art
icle
34
of th
e La
w o
n A
liens
, con
sider
the
rene
wal
of th
e re
siden
ce p
erm
it iss
ued
for
fam
ily r
euni
ficat
ion
in
case
of d
ivorc
e, in
cas
e ch
ildre
n ar
e in
volve
d, a
nd in
cas
e th
e r
emov
al of
th
e fo
reign
er fr
om th
e co
untr
y w
ould
re
nder
him
/her
una
ble
to h
ave
a fa
mily
life
with
the
child
ren
2019
-202
276
0,00
0M
oIRe
new
al of
per
miss
ion
of
stay
for
fam
ily r
euni
ficat
ion
in
case
of d
ivorc
e, w
ith c
hild
ren
invo
lved,
in in
terp
reta
tion
of
the
Law
on
Alie
ns
Stat
istics
of t
he p
roce
dure
s un
der
Art
. 34
of th
e La
w
on A
liens
d. In
trod
uce
a fa
st-t
rack
pro
cedu
re to
de
al w
ith w
ork
perm
it ap
plica
tions
pl
aced
by
hold
ers
of fa
mily
re
unifi
catio
n re
siden
ce p
erm
its
2020
228,
000
MoF
EA
fast
-tra
ck p
roce
dure
w
ork
perm
it ap
plica
tions
pl
aced
by
hold
ers
of fa
mily
re
unifi
catio
n re
siden
ce
perm
its is
est
ablis
hed
Num
ber
of w
ork
perm
it ap
plica
tions
from
hol
ders
of
fam
ily u
nific
atio
n pr
oces
sed
thro
ugh
fast
-t
rack
pro
cedu
res
annu
ally
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