ch 05 outline
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Chapter 5: Culture & Community
Overview
0* Todays Multicultural Classrooms
1* Social Class Differences
2* Ethnic & Racial Differences
3* Women & Men: Differences in the Classroom
4* Language Differences in the Classroom
5*Creating Culturally Compatible Classrooms
6* Bringing It All Together: Teaching Every Student
Concept Map forChapter 5
Todays Multicultural Classroom
7* The Melting Pot
8* Cultural deficit model
9* Multicultural education alternatives
10* No best approach
11* The Banks Model
See Figure 5.1, Woolfolk p. 158
Banks Dimensions of multicultural Education
American Cultural Diversity
12* Culture defined
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13* Group membership
14* Cautions in interpreting cultural differences
15* Teach individual students, not ethnicity!
Social Class Differences
16* SES
17* Wealth, power, background, prestige
18* Upper, middle, working, lower
19* Poor defined
20* See Table 5.1, Woolfolk p. 160, and Figure 5.2, p. 161
SES and Achievement
21* Positive correlation: SES & achievement
22* Related influences:
23* Poor health care
24* Low expectations
25* Learned helplessness
26* Peer influences and resistance cultures
27* Tracking
28* Childrearing styles
29* Home environment and resourcesEthnic and Racial Differences
Definitions
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30* Ethnicity
31* Race
32* Minority group
The Changing Demographics:Cultural Differences
33* Iceberg analogy
34* Cultural conflicts
35* Cultural compatibility
36* Ethnic & racial differences in achievement
37* Working with families & communities
38* See Family and Community Partnerships, Woolfolk, p. 169
Ethnic and Racial Differences
39* Discrimination
40* Brown court case
41* Prejudice
42* Authoritarian personality
43* Stereotypes and their effects
44* Combating stereotypes
Females & Males: Differences in the Classroom
Gender Role Identity
45* Differences between men & women
46* Gender versus sex
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47* Androgynous
48* Gender schemas
49* Gender-role stereotyping
50* Gender bias in the curriculum
51* Sex discrimination in schools
Sex Differences in Mental Abilities
52* No overall IQ difference
53* Girls show strength in reading, writing, language, computation
54* Boys show strength in mathematical, mechanical, and visual informationprocessing
55* Why the differences?
Eliminating Gender Bias
56* Check textbooks for gender bias
57* Watch for unintended biases in your classroom practices
58* Check for equal opportunities for both sexes in school activities
59* Use gender free language
60* Provide role models
61* See Guidelines, Woolfolk p. 179
Language Differences
Dialects
62* Language difference versus errors
63* Pronunciation differences
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64* Dialects and teaching
65* Bilingualism
66* ESL
67* LEP
68* Bilingual education approaches
69* Transition
70* Maintain
71* Research on bilingual programs
Bilingualism
72* Effective teaching
73* See Guidelines, Woolfolk, p. 182 and Table 5.3, p. 185
Creating CulturallyCompatible Classrooms
Goals for Cultural Compatibility
74* Eliminate:
75* Racism
76* Sexism
77* Prejudice
78* Incorporate:
79* Equal educational opportunities
80* Culturally friendly teaching strategies
Teaching Strategies
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81* Socialization
82* Learning styles
83* Appropriate cautions
84* Sociolinguistics
85* Participation structures
86* Misunderstandings
87* Culturally relevant pedagogy
88* Focus on academic success
89* Develop/maintain cultural competence
90* Develop critical consciousness
Application Question
How would you lead a discussion group that included Caucasians, AfricanAmericans, Native Americans, and Hispanics?
Reflection Question
Compare and contrast teaching in an inner city school in Chicago with a schoolon a Navaho Indian Reservation. How would you vary your teachingstrategies?
Bringing It All Together: Teaching Every Student
91* Know your students
92* Respect your students
93* Teach your students
94* See Guidelines, Woolfolk, p. 192
Summary
95* Todays Multicultural Classrooms
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96* Social Class Differences
97* Ethnic & Racial Differences
98* Women & Men: Differences in the Classroom
99* Language Differences in the Classroom
100* Creating Culturally Compatible Classrooms
101* Bringing It All Together: Teaching Every Student
Review Questions
102* Distinguish between the melting pot and multiculturalism.
103* What is multicultural education?
104* What is culture?
105* What is SES?
106* What is the relationship between SES and school achievement?
Review Questions
107* Distinguish between ethnicity and race.
108* How can ethnicity affect school performance?
109* Distinguish between prejudice, discrimination, and stereotype threat.
110* What is gender-role identity?
111* How do gender-role identities develop?
112*Are there sex differences in cognitive abilities?
Review Questions
113* What are the origins of language differences in the classroom?
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114* What is bilingual education?
115* What are the elements of a culturally compatible classroom?
116* What is culturally relevant pedagogy?
117* How can teachers create classrooms in which all students can learn?
End Chapter 5
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