fa124 5 - baroque art

BaroqueBaroque

Baroque

period of artistic style with exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance and grandeur

Began in 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread to most of Europe, until in some places, the 1750s

Baroque art

sensual, ornate and fantastic

implies power and renewed authority of Latin church after the Reformation, appealing to the emotions of the faithful and dogmatic reaffirmations of the Council of Trent.

Jesuits - adopt Baroque as the official style

Religious art used in defense against criticism by the scientists and philosophers, and in response to the Protestant Reformation

also political situations, absolute monarchies of France and Spain prompted the creation of works that reflected their size and splendor of the majesty of kings, Louis XIV and Philip IV.

BAROQUE ART

baroque, from the Portuguese word ‘barroco’, Spanish ‘barroco’ or French ‘baroque, all which means ‘ rough or imperfect pearl’

Eccentric redundancy and noisy abundance of

details, sharply contrasting to the clear and sober rationality of

the Renaissance

Also applied in architecture and music

Eccentric redundancy and noisy abundance of

details, sharply contrasting to the clear and sober rationality of

the Renaissance

Also applied in architecture and music

Baroque ArtBaroque ArtArt, Painting, SculptureArt, Painting, Sculpture

Development

During the late 16th century, a desire for greater clarity and simplification inspired artists against the anti-classical Mannerist style with emphasis on distortion, asymmetry, bizarre juxtaposition and biting colors.

Should speak to the illiterate rather than the elite well-informed

Mannerist paintings

BAROQUE

From the witty, intellectual qualities to a visceral appeal aimed at the senses

Iconography that is direct, simple, obvious, theatrical.

Periods

Early Baroque

High Baroque

Late Baroque (Rococo)

Subject matter

Scenes of martyrdom, suffering saints, dogmatic positions

Mythological or classic motifs with erotic overtones

Portraits of nobility, church figures, commissioned corporation pictures, genre, classic landscapes

Sculptures in movement and large fountains

Technique

Great freedom in paint application

Carravaggio abandoned underpainting, composed as he painted

Textured surfaces, transparent shadows, dark backgrounds ‘tenebrosi painters’

Early Baroque

Annibale Carracci

Michelangelo Merisi, also known as Carravaggio

Carracci

perfection of drawing from the classic arts

composition of Raphael, color of Titian & grandeur of Michelangelo

Flight into Egypt Cara==========

Flight into Egypt Cara==========

CaracciCaracci

Carravaggio

Italian painter, pupil of Titian

Vivid use of lighting effects, realistic view of physical and emotional human state

Conversion of Saint Paul

Caravaggio's art is influenced by naturalism and the grand humanism of Michelangelo and the High Renaissance. His paintings often include types drawn from everyday life engaged in completely believable activities, as well as heroic and tender depictions of religious and mythological subjects.

Carravaggio - Crucifixion of St. Peter

Characteristics

Sense of movement, energy or tension (whether real or implied)

Strong contrasts of light and shadow to enhance dramatic effect

Decorative Surface Elements in Buildings

Intense spirituality and religious themes

Infinite space and true perspective

Realism--figures with their own personalities and inner workings of the mind and soul

Realism--figures with their own personalities and inner workings of the mind and soul

Strong contrasts of light and shadow to enhance dramatic effect

Carravaggio - single shaft of light

Tintoretto - flickering light

El Greco - lightning

de la Tour - candlelight

Rembrandt - inner light

STYLE

Eye gradually led towards infinity. Deep perspectives, picture plane

Figures in diagonals, twists, zigzag or strong foreshortening

Ceiling paintings imitate sky, framed by bulky, architectural elements

putti and saints floating or tumbling in space.

Figures loosely draped, leaving enough flesh to heighten sensual appeal

Dramatic devices of lighting

Dramatic devices of lighting

BAROQUE SCULPTURE

Gianlorenzo Bernini

dominated baroque sculpture in Rome

early over-life-size group sculptures

mastery in marble

use of realistic dramatic tension

strong light and dark contrasts

BerNini

Abduction of Proserpina

Bernini

Apollo and Daphne

Bernini

Ecstasy of St. Theresa

Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome

highly charged theatricality

marble and bronze

BerniniBernini was also an accomplished architect

Colonnade in St. Peter’s Square

Sant’ Andrea al Quirinale

Sant’ Andrea al Quirinale

BERNINI SCULPTURES

David - moment of maximum physical contortion, concentrated energy and emotion as he hurls the stone at the giant Goliath

Fountain of the Four Rivers

Sense of movement, energy or tension (whether real or implied)

Intense spirituality and religious themes

The Ecstasy of St. Teresa

Infinite space and true perspective

Notable Artists

Peter Paul Rubens

Jan Vermeer

Rembrandt van Rijn

Diego Velasquez

Gentelleschi

Decorative Surface Elements in Buildings

Philippines: (UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE)

San Agustin Church (Manila)

Santa Maria Church (Ilocos Sur)

San Agustin Church (Ilocos Norte)

Sto. Tomas de Villanueva (Iloilo)

San Agustin (Manila)

Santa Maria (Ilocos

San Agustin (Ilocos)

Santo Tomas (Iloilo)

Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral