highway machinary

Highway Machinery

By: Engr. Ihsanullahihcan@engineer.com

introduction

INTRODUCTION

• Different type of machinery is used in theconstruction of roads.

• The initial cost on machinery is more, so inmega project its use is economical but in smallworks its use is uneconomical.

• The use of machinery is time saving.

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introductionThe machinery use in the construction of roads are

• Road roller

• Dozer

• Grader

• Trencher

• Scraper

• Ripper

• Scarifier

• Tractor etc

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• Use to compact the earth (soil) by its weight.

Road Roller

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Types of road roller1. Smooth Wheeled Roller

• Its weight is up to 10 ton.

• It is the most old type of roller.

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Types of road roller2) Sheep Foot Roller

• It is use for the compaction of clayey soil (cohesive soil), where the smooth roller can’t work.

• (Video)

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Types of road roller3) Pneumatic Tyred

Roller

• It is use to compact bitumen.

• (Video)

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Types of road roller4) Vibratory Roller

• This produce vibration to help in compaction.

• It is suitable for granular soil.

• Other type of roller can be vibratory too.

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Types of road rollerVibratory Roller

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DOZER• Dozer is used to cut and push the material.

• Spreading the material

• It is use for cleaning

• Side hill cut

• Filling ditches

• Ditching

• Snow dozing

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Types of dozer1) Bull Dozer

• It is the most common type. It has a blade

• Used to push material

• Also use to level

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Types of dozer2) Angle Dozer

• it has blade which can rotate up to 30 degree.

• Use to push the material to the left or right.

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Types of dozer3) Tree Dozer

• It has a special blade use for removing thetrees.

• It also can be use for ditching and spreadingmaterial.

• (Video)

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Drag

• It is use to draw material.

• Is is also drawn by ox or camel

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Grader

It is use for different task.

• Making slope

• Mixing material

• Cutting soil and pavements

• Dozing snow

• Remove plants

• Ditching

• (video)

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Grader

.

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Drag Line

• Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials intrucks.

• Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals.

• It may be crawler type or tyred

• It perform ditching without entering in theditch.

• (Video)

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Drag line

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Trencher

• It is use for digging for pipelines of gas, oil or water

• (Video)

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Scraper

• It is use to dig soil and transfer to other place.

• It is only for soft soil.

• It has a two parts,

• Bucket and prim mover

• (Video)

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Scraper

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Tractor• It is a multi purpose machine.

• It is use for agriculture works as to draw thetrolley and pushing the material.

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Types of Tractor

1) Crawler TypeTractor

• Use for heavy works

• It is purely use forpushing and cuttingmaterial throughblade.

• Use in soft andwatery soil.

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Drag line2) Rubber type tractor

• Use for light works

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Ripper• Use to clean earth for making railway lines,

road etc

• It plough connected with grader to dig out theearth.

• Also called roter.

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Scarifier• It is connected with grader, which use to dig

hard soil.

• Also connected with road roller.

• Its jaws are adjustable.

• For hard earthen work the number of jaws aredecrease.

• The depth of jaws in the soil can also becontrolled.

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Scarifier

• Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials intrucks.

• Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals.

• It may be crawler type or tyred

• It perform ditching without entering in theditch.

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Tip Wagon• The specific vehicle which use to carry

material from one place to another place.

• Also called dumper.

• Its body can be tilted to evacuate the loadmaterial.

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CONCRETE MIXER

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Concrete Mixer• It is use to mix different component of

concrete.

• It efficiency depends upon the speed ofrotating drum and the blade of the mixer.

• It consume petrol or diesel as fuel.

• Size of mixer is express in the form of volumeit mixes of concrete at a time.

• For example 10/7 means 10 cubic meterbefore mixing and 7 after mixing.

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Parts of mixer

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Types of concrete mixer• There are two types of concrete mixer

A. Portable concrete mixer

B. Concrete Batching plantWe will discus portable concrete mixer

Portable concrete mixer Concrete batching plant32ihcan@engineer.com

Types of concrete mixerA) Portable Concrete Mixer

• It can be moved from one place to another

• It has wheels of rubber of steel

• Use for small works

• Draw by engine or by hands

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Types of mixerThe portable mixer has two types

a) Tilting Mixer

• It is small in size and use for small works.

• Its drum can be tilted to fill up or to be emptyup the mixed concrete

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Types of mixerI) Hand Fed Tilting Mixer

• In this type the material to be mixed is throwndirectly in to the drum

• it has steel plates in the drum to mix thematerial.

II) Load Fed Tilting Drum Mixer

• It is relatively large in size.

• The material is put in the drum by a steelpan which is lift up by a cable .

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Types of mixer

Hand fed tilting mixer Load fed tilting drum mixer

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Types of mixerb) Non Tilting Type Mixer

This type of mixer rotates horizontally

Concrete is put and drawn as such.It is has two types

i. Reversing Drum Mixer

• This type is use for relatively large projects.

• There are two types of blade inside its drum.

• It has double direction movement.

• One blade rotates in one direction while other in

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Types of Mixerii) Roller Pan Mixer

• It use commonly for mixing mortar

• It consist of steel pan and steel roller

• Steel roller rotates inside the pan

• The mixed material is got through the sideopenings.

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Types of Mixer

Reversing Pan Mixer Roller Pan Mixer

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