learners with exceptionalities

LEARNERSEXCEPTIONALITIE

Swith

MODULE 6

REPORTER: JANUS ABIEL S RUBIALES

EXCEPTIONALITIES

MENTAL RETARDATION SENSORY

IMPAIRMENTS

AUTISM

LEARNING DISABILITIES

PHYSICAL DISABILITIES &

HEALTH IMPAIRMENTS

EMOTIONAL & BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS

ADVANCE ORGANIZER

The term 'exceptionality' is used by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development to identify patterns of strengths and needs common to groups of students.

DISABILITYMeasurable impairment or limitation that interferes with a person’s ability. It may refer to a physical, sensory, or mental condition. (Schiefelbusch)

HANDICAPA disadvantage that occurs as a result of a disability or impairment.

Categories of

Exceptionalities

Specific Cognitive Or

Academic Difficulties

SPECIFIC COGNITIVE OR ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIES

Learning disabilities involves difficulties in specific cognitive processes. Like dyslexia (reading), dyscalculia (number operations), and dysgraphia (writing). .

SPECIFIC COGNITIVE OR ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIESAttention-deficit hyperactivity

disorder (ADHD) manifested in either both of these:1. Difficulty in focusing and maintaining attention.2. Recurrent hyperactive and impulsive behavior

.

Specific Cognitive Or

Academic Difficulties

SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIESAutism - is a condition manifested by different levels of impaired social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviors and limited interest.

.

SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIESMental Retardation - refers to significant sub-average intelligence and deficit in adaptive behavior. Difficulty in managing activities of daily living and social situations.

.

POSSIBLE CAUSES:1)DOWN

SYNDROME2)HYDROCEPHALU

S3)CEREBRAL

PALSY4)LEAD

POISONING5)FANCONI

ANEMIA

SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIES

Emotional/Conduct Disorder

- This involves the presence of emotional states like depression and aggression over a considerable amount of time that disturb learning and performance in school.

.

Physical Disabilities and Health

Impairments

PHYSICAL DISABILITIES AND HEALTH IMPAIRMENTS Physical and Health Impairments

-This involves physical or medical conditions including one or more of these:1.Limited energy and strength2.Reduced mental alertness3.Little muscle control

PHYSICAL DISABILITIES AND HEALTH IMPAIRMENTS

Severe and Multiple Disabilities-This refers to the presence of two or more different types of disability, at times at a profound level.

.

Sensory Impairments

SENSORY IMPAIRMENTSVisual Impairments

These involves malfunction of the eyes.Hearing Impairments

These involves malfunction of the ear. .

Giftedness

Giftedness-This involves

a significantly high level of cognitive development.

PEOPLE-FIRST

LANGUAGE

PEOPLE-FIRST LANGUAGE

.

Putting the person first, not the disability.Ex:

Person with AIDS

AIDS Victim

Person with disability

Disabled person

PEOPLE-FIRST LANGUAGE

.

Avoiding generic labelspeople with mental retardation is preferable to the mentally retarded.Emphasizing abilities, not limitationsuses a wheelchair is preferable to confined to a wheelchair.

PEOPLE-FIRST LANGUAGE

.

Avoiding euphemism(such as physically-challenged) which are regarded as condescending and avoid the real issues that result from a disability.

PEOPLE-FIRST LANGUAGEAvoiding implying illness or sufferingHad polio is preferable to is a polio victim and Multiple sclerosis is preferable to suffers from multiple sclerosis.