life span and the environment college of public and community service university of massachusetts at...

Life Span and the Environment

College of Public and Community Service

University of Massachusetts at Boston

©2011 William Holmes

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Imitation Learning rules—syntax,

semantics, pragmatics Using fast mapping Developing phonology Having receptive language Learning expressive

language

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Bilingual development Acquiring second language Adjusting to second culture Continued use of primary

language Continued development of

secondary language

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Hi! Allo!

Instruction in both languages Interpreter role for family

members Language subcultures Language problems

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Holla! Yo!

Encouraging development Controlling development Reassuring development Influencing shame and self-

doubt Providing reciprocal interaction Providing context for

interpreting

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Parent age, personality, life stage influences

Child age, health, gender, responsiveness

Family context—other adults, other children, socioeconomic status, culture, neighborhood

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Authoritarian—withdrawal, hostility, unachieving, low competence

Authoritative—independent, friendly, achieving, competent

Permissive—impulsive, low self-reliance, immature, aggressive, poor boundaries, low competence

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Role modeling, imitation, and value setting

Caregiving Helping/rivalry Warning and instruction Interpreting Providing sibling underworld

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Parenting disruption—conflict, blaming economic stress, less caregiving

Attachment disruption Aggression and depression in children Colored by cognitive immaturity Separation anxiety and abandonment

fears

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Changing roles and responsibilities

Decreased fathering More latchkey children More use of Au Pairs,

Nannies, and baby sitting

More use of day care

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More behavior problems More independence Need to maintain

cognitive stimulation Need to maintain

nurturing and attachment

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Physical awareness Looking glass self Naming Likes and dislikes Temperament

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Activities Relationships Role in family Role in society Autobiographical

narrative

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Biology Social learning Cognitive identification Gender schemas Psychoanalytic issues

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Parental socialization Sibling socialization Peer influence Media influence Social control influences

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Unoccupied play Solitary plan Onlooker play Parallel play Associative play Cooperative play

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Cognitive development Emotional development Role practicing Role alternatives Wishful thinking

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Stress reduction Self-esteem building Social interaction

development Outlet for emotions Strategy

development

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