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How Digital, Networked Technologies and Sharing
Changes Education
Dr. Cable GreeneLearning Director
Let’s talk about the big trends & how to prepare for inevitable change & how Washington
Higher Education can think in new ways to leverage digital,
networked technologies…
“We are in the midst of a technological, economic, and organizational
transformation that allows us to negotiate the terms of freedom, justice, and productivity in the
information society”Yochai Benkler
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lonewolf23/1570632701/
Yes… We Really are Networked… seamless connection of
people, resources & knowledge
digitization of content mobile, personal global platform for
collaboration outsourcing Anyone notice our
global economy?
"According to an IBM study, in 2010, the amount of digital
information in the world will double every 11 hours."
And we can makeall of our “digital stuff”available toall people…and most of itwill get used...by someone.
“Long Tail” of Publishing
long tail
$
HarryPotter
Hyper-geometricpartial differential
equations
http://wiki.elearning.ubc.ca/ComingApart
We All Get to Participate
And they want services
like this:Backup
So how do we prepare students for jobs that don’t yet exist, using
technologies that haven’t been
invented, to solve problems we
don’t even know are problems yet?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHWTLA8WecI
RSS
Social Networking
Wiki
Share Video
Blo
g
http://www.blogger.com
(2) eLearningWhy call it
“eLearning?”
“Distance” is about geographic separation.
“eLearning” is about leveraging the unique affordances of digital, networked technologies to support new ways of learning in new spaces. Online, Hybrid, Enhanced
“eLearning”
Going to Web and Mobile
1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-080%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
51%
4%
Telecourse as Percent of Total eLearning FTEs
20,583
Ongoing eLearning Growth
Over 96,600 students learn online each year + 34,000 Hybrid
Online FTE up more than 22% Hybrid FTE up more than 45% 18% (and growing) of all state
instruction is delivered via online or hybrid instruction.
29
Ongoing Online Learning Growth
45% of all CTC graduates earn 15 or more credits online or hybrid
23 colleges offer 86 different degrees and certificates online
16 colleges offer an AA degree online
30
Why does this growth matter?
Educate More Citizens
HECB Master Plan I. Raise educational attainment to
create prosperity, opportunity Policy Goal: Increase the total number of
degrees and certificates… By 2018, raise mid-level degrees and
certificates to 36,200 annually, an increase of 9,400 degrees annually.
2008-09 Online + Hybrid LearningGas / Trips / CO2 Savings
2.2M round trips avoided = reduced traffic congestion
3.3M gallons of gas saved
64.4M pounds of CO2 not in the air
33http://www.fhcrc.org/about/pubs/center_news/weekly/img/2007_0806_i5_traffic.jpg
(3) Open Educational Resources
When we cooperate and share, we all win Faculty have new choices when building learning
spaces. …the more eyes on a problem, the greater chance
for a solution. Affordability: students can’t afford textbooks Self-interest: good things happen when I
share It’s a social justice issue: everyone should
have the right to access digital knowledge.
Why is “Open” Important?
Definition of OER
Digitized materials, offered freely and openly for educators, students, to use and re-use for teaching, learning and research.
OpenLearn (UK) - DEMO OCW – MIT (MIT HS)
China Open Resources for Education has translated 109 MIT OCW courses into Simplified Chinese.
Rice Connexions
(a few) Open Content Repositories
The Old Economics
Print, warehouse,
and ship a new book for every student
http://www.flickr.com/photos/nationalmediamuseum/2780164461/
The New Economics
Upload one copy, and everyone uses
it simultaneously
http://cnx.org/content/col10522/latest/
Making copies, storage, distribution
of digital stuff = “Free”
Why do we Need Open Textbooks?
2005 GAO report: College textbook prices have risen at twice the rate of annual inflation over the last two decades
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d05806.pdf
Why do we Need Open Textbooks?
The College Board reported that for the 2007 through 2008 academic years each student spent an estimated $805 to $1,229 on college books and supplies…
http://www.collegeboard.com/prod_downloads/about/news_info/trends/trends_pricing_07.pdf
Why do we Need Open Textbooks?
The gross margin on new college textbooks is currently 22.7 percent according to the National Association of College Stores.
http://www.nacs.org/public/research/margins.asp
May, 2007: Dept of Ed.
http://www.maketextbooksaffordable.org/course_correction.pdf
Comparison of Statistics Textbooks
Publisher: Wiley Open: Connexions & QOOP
Downloadable version: $77.50
Downloadable & online versions: FREE
Printed bound version: $141.95 new $110.25 used
Printed bound version: $31.98 new
Why so urgent?
Consider One High Enrollment Course: English Composition I 37,226 enrollments / year X $100 textbook = $3.7 Million + (cost to
students) What if we looked at 100, 200,
300 high enrollment courses?
http://rtnl.files.wordpress.com/2007/01/thinker21.jpg
We must get rid of our “not invented here” attitude regarding others’ content move to: "proudly borrowed from there"
Content is not a strategic advantage
Nor can we (or our students) afford it
Hey Higher Education!
What Happens if weDon’t Change?
Google, Amazo
n, Apple, O
pen Sourc
e,
Open Content, O
pen Textbooks…
Higher EducationFu
nct
ion
al P
oss
ibili
ties
Time
Harder to catch-up …
Or even understand.
54
How is the fiscal healthof your local newspaper?
http://techplan.sbctc.edu
55
“We will cultivate the culture and practice of using and contributing to
open educational resources.”
But using open educational resources – and contributing to
them – requires significant change in the culture of higher education. It requires thinking about content as a common resource that raises all boats
when shared. (p.11)
56
WA Legislation
SSHB1946 – two big ideas – share technology and share content.
(v) Methods and open licensing options for effectively sharing digital content including but not limited to: Open courseware, open textbooks, open journals, and open learning objects…
57
Student Advocacy
WA CTC 2009 Student Voice Academy
(1) CUTTING TEXTBOOK COSTS “The high cost of textbooks is a burden to
students….” #1 Issue two years running….
58
Opening 81 Common Courses
Gates + Legislature + SBCTC + Colleges “Open Course Library” Designing 81 highest enrolled courses Courses will be Digital – can be taught online,
hybrid, web-enhanced and/or faculty can re-mix Open CC Licensing – everyone has access < $30 textbooks … or Free
81 courses enrollments = $52M+ / year in textbook costs Develop a culture of sharing content in the WA CTCs
59
Federal Movement on Open? Obama’s American Graduation Initiative
$50M / year for the creation of open courseware Senator Dick Durbin (IL)
$15M / year: Open Textbooks Undersecretary of Education Martha Kanter
OER leader when Chancellor @ Foothill-De Anza Community College District
Federal Research Access Act of 2009 increasing public access to academic research that is
funded by the federal government (free after 6 mos)
60
Important Messages are:
This is not about mandated curriculum.
All stakeholders need to be in the discussion.
Open resources provide more choice for faculty and lower costs (& increased access) for students.
61
NEW HE Models are En Route
Choices:
(1) Open up andleverage global input
OR
(2) close up shop
Think Big Crazy Ideas…. We could share all of our
instructional digital resources including: courses, textbooks and library resources … and use others’ digital materials.
Publicly funded digital content = openly licensed and freely available to those that paid for it.
Blogs: http://blog.oer.sbctc.edu http://blog.elearning.sbctc.edu
Twitter: cgreen
Dr. Cable GreeneLearning Directorcgreen@sbctc.edu
(360) 704-4334
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