teacher policies and quality education in latin america and the caribbean emiliana vegas chief of...

Teacher Policies and Quality

Education in Latin America and the

Caribbean

Emiliana VegasChief of the Education Division

Inter-American Development BankNovember 19, 2013

Contents

1. How much progress has been made in education in recent years?

2. What are the current main education challenges?

3. Teachers as central to raise education quality

Significant progress has been made in expanding access…

Enrolment rate by age and by education level

Source: IDB/EDU 2012

Significant progress has been made in expanding access…

9.5 of every 10 children enter primary education at the adequate age

7.5 of every 10 students enter secondary education

And about 1/3 of all secondary school graduates enter post-secondary education

Source: World Bank 2012

Public investment in education has increased

Source: IDB/EDU calculations based on World Bank EdStats

Some LAC countries are showing improvements in international assessments of student learning

Source: IDB/EDU calculations based OECD/PISA 2009 data

Some LAC countries are showing improvements in international assessments of student learning

Source: IDB/EDU calculations based OECD/PISA 2009 data

Contents

1. How much progress has been made in education in recent years?

2. What are the current main education challenges?

3. Teachers as central to raise education quality

The main education challenge is raising student learning

Student learning is:

» Low

» Unequal

» Inadequate

Source: IDB/EDU 2013 calculations based on OECD/PISA 2009

Student learning is low

Student learning is low

Source: IDB/EDU calculations based OECD/PISA 2009 data

Source: OECD 2009

Below level 1

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5 and 6

28.3%

28.9%

21.9%

15.6%

4.7%

0.4%

Mexico

Percentage of students who score in each level in reading in PISA 2009

Few students reach high levels of proficiency

Finland

6.1%

1.7%

27.1%

15.6%

27.8%

20.6%

Student learning is low vis a vis what would be predicted based on GDP per capita

Latin American students score low in international learning assessments such as PISA

Note: Adjusted GDP per capita by PPP, constant dollars of 2005Source: PISA-OECD 2009 and World Bank EdStats

Sco

res

in P

ISA

20

09

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

PanamaPeru

Trinidad and Tobago

Uruguay

Canada

Czech Republic

Estonia

Finland

Hungary

Korea, Rep. of

Luxemburg

Poland

Portugal

Singapore

Slovakia

Turkey

United KingdomUnited States

350

400

450

500

550

0 20000 40000 60000 80000PIB per capita

Latin America and the Caribbean OECD

Linear prediction

Student learning is unequal

Source: Bos, Rondón and Schwartz 2012

Girls score higher than boys in reading, and boys outperform girls in math

Girls

Source: SERCE 2006

Performance differences in indigenous students in reading and math

Source: SERCE 2006

Indigenous

Completion rates also are unequal

Secondary school completion rates

Source: Cabrol and Szekely, 2012

Quartile 1 (poorest 20%)

Quartile 2 (richest 20%)

Source: Graduatexxi, 2012. Calculations based on household surveys.

Student learning is inadequate

Weighted average

Student learning is inadequate

Source: Bassi, Busso, Urzúa, & Vargas, 2012

Contents

1. How much progress has been made in education in recent years?

2. What are the current main education challenges?

3. Teachers as central to raise education quality

Regional and international evidence indicates that teachers are the most important factor in student learning

Source: SIMCE 2008

Base year

1 – 2 years 3 – 4 yearsBase year

1 – 2 years 3 – 4 years

Low SES

In Chile, having at least three consecutive years with an effective teacher reduces the learning gap between students from low SES and middle SES

To promote effective

teaching and learning for all children and youth

1 High expectations for student

learning guide the provision

and monitoring of

education services

2 Students entering the system are

ready to learn

3 All students have access to effective

teachers

4 All schools have adequate resources and are able to use

them for learning

5 All graduates have the

necessary skills to succeed in

the labor market and

contribute to society

5 Dimensions of Success of Top-Performing Education Systems

All students have access to effective teachers

Key areas of action:»Transform the teaching profession to attract, develop, motivate, and retain the best professionals. »Strengthen the role of school directors and their leaders in how to improve teaching effectiveness.»Develop instructional support structures for networks of schools, principals and teachers.

3

The Inter-American Collaborative on the Teaching Profession

» Contributes to close gaps in teachers’ and school leaders’ access to best practices to improve teaching and learning

» Is a resource for better teacher policy decisions

» Provides an easily accessible knowledge platform for research and practice to strengthen teaching quality and student learning in the region

Thank you!evegas@iadb.org

www.iadb.org/education