animal kingdom invertebrate phylum. porifera the sponge symmetry? germ layers? body cavity? ...
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Animal KingdomInvertebrate Phylum
Porifera
The sponge Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics:
Choanocytes Amoeboid cells Spicules/spongin Mostly Asexual reproduction sessile
Cnidarians
anthozoa, hydrozoa, scyphozoan Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
Mesoglea Cnidocytes, nematocysts Gastrovascular system 2 body forms: polyp and medusa
Nemertea and Platyhelminthes
Ribbon worms and flatworms Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
Proboscis apparatus Free living or parasitic flatworms Cephalization Gas exchange through diffusion
Nematoda and Rotifera
Roundworms and rotifers Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
parasitic roundworms – Ascaris, Trichinella, filarial worms – dogs (heartworm) humans (elephantiasis)
Crown of cilia – corona, locomotion
Protostomes Deuterostomes Mulluscs, annelids,
arthropods Spiral and determinate
cleavage Blastopore is mouth Coelom forms by a
splitting of the mesoderm
Echinoderms and chordates
Radial and indeterminate
Blastopore is anus Coelom forms by
outpocketing of primitive gut
Benefits of coelom Freer body movements – outer wall
independent of gut Ample space allows for growth of organs Fluid protects organs from damage Storage for reproductive, digestive wastes
prior to being expelled Hydrostatic skeleton – muscle contraction
against fluid in cavity
Mollusca
mulluscs Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
3 part body plan (mantle, foot, visceral mass) Open circulatory system in most 3 main classes
Bivalves Gastropoda cephalopoda
Annelids
Segmented worms Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
Marine worms, earth worms and leeches Setae – bristles that anchor the worm hermaphroditic
Arthropods
Jointed appendages Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
Exoskeleton of chitin, molt Segmentation is modified for specialization Well developed nervous system Variety of respiratory organs metamorphosis
Further classification of arthropods3 subphyla of arthropoda1. Crustacea – crayfish, shrimp and craps
Most aquatic, hard exoskeleton, compound eyes and 5 pair of appendages.
2. Uniramia – centipedes, millipedes and insects Most live on land and breathe through trachea, thorax and abdomen
have only 1 pair of appendages
3. Chelicerata – horseshoe crabs, spiders ticks and mites Live in all environments, first pair of appendages are pinchers
(chelicerae), 2nd pair pedipalps (feeding) Fused head and thorax, cephalothorax
Echinoderms
Spiny skin Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics
Primarily bottom dwellers Larvae are free swimming filter feeders with bilateral
symmetry Endoskeleton made of spiny calcium rich plates called
ossicles Water vascular system - locomotion