Chapter 1 Computer System Overview

• Sections 1.1 to 1.6• Instruction exe cution• Interrupt • Memory hierarchy• Cache memory• Locality: spatial and temporal

• Problem 1.10

Chapter 2 Operating System Overview

• Sections 2.1 to 2.4• Objectives and functions of OS• Evolution of OS• Dual-mode operations: user and kernel

modes (what and why)• (hardware) interrupts [including timer, I/O,

etc.] and (software) traps [including exceptions and system calls]

Chapter 3 Process Description & Control

• Sections 3.1 to 3.5• Process control block (PCB)• Process creation• Context switching (what and why)• Shell: internal vs. external commands• Processes and their relationships via ps –ef• UNIX signals• System calls

• fork(), exec(), opendir(), etc.

Chapter 3 Processes

Chapter 3 Processes

Note that PID and process name may be different on different systems.

Chapter 4 Threads

• Sections 4.1 to 4.2• User-level threads vs. kernel-level

threads• Hybrid threads• pthread program

User-level threads vs. Kernel-level threads

User-Level vs. Kernel-Level Threads

scheduling of user-level threads vs. kernel-level threads

Thread Scheduling

Chapter 5 Concurrency: Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization

• Sections 5.1 to 5.7• Race condition, critical section, and mutual exclusion• On a uniprocessor system, interrupt is the root of all

evil• Hardware solutions: disable/enable interrupts,

test&set, swap• Semaphore: binary and counting• Monitor and condition variables• Bounded buffer producer/consumer problem:

• Both mutex and synchronization• Message passing: send/receive, blocking/nonblocking• Reader and writer problem

Chapter 5 Concurrency: Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization

• Programming with pthread