chapter 12. section 1 1865-1877: reconstruction confederate states welcomed back andrew johnson:...

Chapter 12

Reconstruction and Its Effects

Section 1

The Politics of Reconstruction

1865-1877: ReconstructionConfederate states welcomed

backAndrew Johnson: Vice PresidentLincoln, Johnson, Congress

Different views on Reconstruction

Lincoln: Conf. states never left Union

Secession is unconstitutionalLincoln’s Ten-Percent Plan:

Pardon all Confederates Except high ranking officials Radical republicans upset

Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan

Small group of Reps. in Congress Led by Charles

Sumner & Thaddeus Stevens

Supported abolitionism

Wanted to ensure African American rights

No political power for slaveholders

Radical Republicans

Opposition to Lincoln’s plan

Congress to handle Reconstruction

Lincoln puts down billPocket veto

Congress outragedStandoff w/ Lincoln

Wade-Davis Bill

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=wade-davis+bill+&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=G9zUmlHVh90YTM&tbnid=-pq-FcimNS64BM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=62227&ei=2rKHUZjfOcXh0QHu3IGgDw&bvm=bv.45960087,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNE-lHspQYl2cIIX8U6DVdKjqZUukQ&ust=1367934038728338

Despised wealthy southerners

Opposed radicalsPresidential

Reconstruction Continues Lincoln’s

policiesDid not appeal to former

slavesAllowed Conf. states back

into UnionPardoned all Confederates

in Congress

Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction

Assisted former slaves/poor whitesGave food, clothingSet up

hospitals/schools; trained teachers

Congress aided thisAgainst Johnson’s planJohnson vetoes

Freedmen’s Bureau Act

Freedmen’s Bureau

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=freedmen's+bureau+cartoon&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=fo1JY-z3dQCvGM&tbnid=jiVNLUbZzFJIgM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://oldhickorysweblog.blogspot.com/2010/04/confederate-heritage-month-april-2-anti.html&ei=R7KHUbexJtHJ0gGsp4DwDQ&bvm=bv.45960087,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNFQ-HwMXbK2UllXp5OnbPlyGtzj2g&ust=1367933881672525

Gave citizenship to African Americans

Forbade states passing black codes

Blacks still oppressedJohnson also vetoes

Civil Rights ActReconstruction haltsJohnson at war with

Congress

Civil Rights Act of 1866

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=civil+rights+act+of+1866&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Q5ydrJbH1iqf3M&tbnid=yyvmnk4TC8dpYM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://whitmer.wikis.birmingham.k12.mi.us/Civil+Rights+Act+of+1866&ei=o7KHUeHCAqe70QHZvICACg&bvm=bv.45960087,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGQXk2ovwNspT96AdQym5Gd3t-t-w&ust=1367933984232906

Johnson’s vetoes overruled15 of 29

Congress drafts 14th AmendmentAll persons born in

U.S. are citizensAfrican Americans

still can’t vote

Congressional Reconstruction

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=14th+amendment&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=eEHNQPrgsI7-bM&tbnid=Mg-s6uQz5Cuf_M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ipanews.com/?p=4310&ei=JkmKUfOGH6XH0gHL7YCIBg&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNF5vj6cY3I7fhXuxCI8WUzH3k1stA&ust=1368103583224249

Proposed by CongressOnly recognized TN

Only Conf. state to ratify 14th Amendment

10 remaining Conf. states under military controlUnion generals

Must ratify 14th Amendment for readmission

Again, Johnson vetoes ActAgain, Congress overrides

Reconstruction Act of 1867

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=reconstruction+act+of+1867&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0JMZb-UsxdPoAM&tbnid=zTNDC4fR9F_8tM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.presidentprofiles.com/Washington-Johnson/Andrew-Johnson-Congressional-reconstruction.html&ei=f0mKUYmPBNDy0wH77IHoAw&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGoWeGPF_OAqy8pBhhM9hm7p3lC0A&ust=1368103676792536

Radicals want to rid Johnson

He fired those enforcing Reconstruction Act

Congress passes Tenure of Office Act

Johnson fires Secretary of War

Congress moves to impeach

House votes to impeachSenate finds Johnson not

guilty

Johnson Impeached

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=johnson+impeached&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=O3TnNWakZsvdLM&tbnid=vx-T4QC3jI2hxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.albany.edu/jmmh/vol2no1/johnsonimpeach.html&ei=wkmKUfizFsPq0wGRwYHIDw&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNEAb79nS4U3a6JKDDPpedL4uj6hUQ&ust=1368103733393712

Election of 1868:No Johnson

Ulysses S. Grant wins election500,000 Southern African

American votesSouthern whites want to limit

black suffrageCongress drafts 15th

AmendmentNo persons can be kept from

voting due to race or colorNortherners barred blacks

from voting

U.S. Grant Elected

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ulysses+s+grant&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Fq_lsuAFHlwMRM&tbnid=BQliKnfJNQgk4M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant&ei=5kmKUe7oMrO_0QGq2YGwBA&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNEAu1JiOxj5xybgSzZ-l4WAGQNBUg&ust=1368103779916134

Section 2

Reconstructing Society

Physical & economic problems

$100 million + property damage

South in debt$18,000/capita to $3,000

Population declined in South

Taxes increase to help rebuild:Schools, hospitals, RR’s,

etc.

Conditions in Postwar South

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=postwar+south&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=HCFC3PqEZnfDDM&tbnid=czcnhvoDIX6OzM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.coyoteblog.com/coyote_blog/2010/01/post-war-devastation.html&ei=vaWLUfzAOoHA4APK7YGIDA&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNF7rZYdPTsCC7K3YeFIlMP9w2880g&ust=1368192825977956

Republicans split in SouthScalawags vs.

carpetbaggers vs. African Americans

Scalawags: White Southerners joining Rep. Party

Carpetbaggers: Northerners moved South

African American voters outnumber whites

Politics in Postwar South

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=carpetbaggers&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XUrYZuspDXBidM&tbnid=DlltREgbv7OVtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpetbagger&ei=76WLUaCRKIj-4AP704CoBA&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNEqJbfbiEVhzpT_IEgKeuTFoJcdjA&ust=1368192873092418

Postwar VictoriesFamilies reunitedEducational

opportunities600,000 in

elementary schoolsForm churches &

volunteer groupsEnter politics

Hiram Revels

HesitantCan’t find familiesViolenceSharecropping

Former Slaves Improve Lives

Postwar Challenges

Promise from Sherman to freed slaves

40 acres/family + mule

Johnson orders land returned to owners

44 million acres given to former slaves

“40 Acres & a Mule”

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=40+acres+and+a+mule&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=I8wY0sxoov1UiM&tbnid=qqr8emfkT95_6M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://3chicspolitico.com/2010/09/29/rep-louie-gohmert-advoctes-sharecropping-as-welfare-reform/&ei=RqaLUaa8Hoz64AOH2YHICg&bvm=bv.46226182,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNG8ffc8m3FW0zomblpGiviBclr9fg&ust=1368192915755221

Sharecropping & Tenant Farming

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=sharecropping&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=UNd5Uxvy9wbEcM&tbnid=0YE-njU6_VcmcM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://cfbstaff.cfbisd.edu/wallm/Texas%20Main/Frontier%20and%20Industry/texas_frontier%20and%20ranching.htm&ei=5e-MUeX7CfC20QHq9IGwBg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGkkG8M3i9l-MVckd5vX9aeoR9_gw&ust=1368277343620713

Section 3

The Collapse of Reconstruction

Social club in 1866Restore white supremacyDemocratic officers &

former Confederate soldiersMembership spreads rapidlyBecomes violent terrorist

group1868: KKK in every

Southern stateEven killed white

southernersNo blacks in politics

Ku Klux Klan

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ku+klux+klan&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=mnRNrioaWTGl8M&tbnid=rIwzNqbHfsRGuM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://kkk.org/kkk-beliefs/kkk-hooded-robes&ei=Q_CMUcPBI9GK0QHKvoCABw&bvm=bv.46340616,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGvrgyPq2IdLT8v_9FiZwxVSggvpQ&ust=1368277383944275

Grant wins 2nd term in 1872Appointees dishonest

Mostly friendsCredit Mobile Affair

Money skimmed off RR contract

Grant’s 1st VP involvedSchuyler Colfax

Whisky Ring IRS collectors accepted

bribes from whisky distillersDefrauds federal gov’t of

millions of dollars

Fraud & Bribery

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ulysses+s+grant&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=wDVDJLadpkKSzM&tbnid=pZSWXC-TR0BaGM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.democratic-republicans.us/english/english-leonidas-of-sparta-and-his-queen-whittakers-the-mantra-whitebook-to-compete-with-zuckerbergs-facebook/attachment/ulysses-s-grant-colorized&ei=h_CMUZjJJurp0AGqt4GgAQ&bvm=bv.46340616,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNFsw64o-5BcMvPdHCT6YOYx74D_1w&ust=1368277504202888

Depression across nationNorthern & Southern

investors borrow moneyCooke’s banking firm goes

bankruptSmall banks closeStock market collapse89 RR companies went

broke1875: 18,000 companies

fold3 million lose jobs

Panic of 1873

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=panic+of+1873&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dqdJLJ6q8tpS-M&tbnid=Fh4tTUjm-cyLeM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://fineartamerica.com/featured/bank-panic-cartoon-1873-granger.html&ei=xvCMUaXDDOa50AHCvIHIDw&bvm=bv.46340616,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHLJ8h7wHyfeWxRMMOgJ1X6JUl0Kg&ust=1368277555577943

Reconstruction comes to endGrant not running againRepublican:

Rutherford B. HayesDemocrat:

Samuel J. Tilden Tilden falls 1 vote short20 electoral votes disputed“Corrupt” commission elects HayesHouse of Reps = DemocratsApprove Hayes as PresidentReconstruction ends

Election of 1876

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=rutherford+b+hayes&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=eKTiO6XC3vjgpM&tbnid=sXJOmqR_RIseHM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes&ei=5fCMUeC0G-bW0QH_3YEg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGmrkzUXSPK0Gjyoh8sgi4RxzRXQQ&ust=1368277601265821

chapter 12. section 1 1865-1877: reconstruction confederate states welcomed back andrew johnson:...

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