chapter 15.2 ideas and art of the renaissance
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 15.2 IDEAS AND ART OF THE RENAISSANCE
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANISM
• Humanism: intellectual movement focused on study of the humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, philosophy, history)• Based on the study of classics of Greece and Rome
• Francesco Petrarch is father of Renaissance Humanism; revived classical Roman Latin
• Humanists focused on civic duty; using humanities to better the state
ITALIAN RENAISSANCE HUMANISM
Vernacular Literature
• Vernacular: everyday speech of a region
• Dante Alighieri writes Divine Comedy in the vernacular of Florence; later becomes Italian language•“The Latin could only have explained them to scholars; for the rest would have not understood it. Therefore, as among those who desire to understand them there are many more illiterate than learned, [it follows that the Latin would not have fulfilled this behest as well as the vulgar tongue, which is understood both by the learned and the unlearned]."
RENAISSANCE EDUCATION
• Education became more secular (less focused on religion)
• Humanist schools believe liberal studies enabled individuals to reach their full potential
• Goal to create well-rounded citizens instead of scholars
RENAISSANCE EDUCATION
Gutenberg Improves the Printing Process
•1440 CE: Johannes Gutenberg of Germany develops printing press
•allows for quick, cheap book production
• Gutenberg Bible (1455): first major book printed
• Revolutionary invention that encouraged scholarly research and public’s desire to gain knowledge
ITALIAN RENAISSANCE ART
Renaissance Realism
• Painting style copied from classical (Greek and Roman) art; often religious subjects
• Painters mastered use of perspective (depth)
•Way to show three dimensions on a canvas
Architecture
• Architect Filippo Brunelleschi built churches fit for human needs; open and airy with domes and rounded columns; non-intimidating
CATHEDRAL OF FLORENCE-MAJOR LANDMARK OF THE RENAISSANCE