PROCESS SKILLS

SCED 570, Fall 2011

CHAP2.

Classification

Process of grouping Binary classification: Sorting objects into 2

groups based on a particular property Multistage classification Serial classification: sorting objects in a

logical order on the basis of the extent or degree to which they demonstrate a common attribute

Dichotomous key: a tool that scientists can use to help identify a particular specimen

Serial classification

Serial classification

Identified Attribute

Serial Order Order Direction

Measurement

Quantify variables using a variety of instruments and nonstandard/standard units

Nonstandard units: it is difficult to consistently compare objects that cannot be held side by side

Standard units: enable consistent descriptions and comparisons of measured objects that are not side by side and cannot be directly compared

Communication

Convey information from one part to another

Record data in multiple ways and present them to others

Inference

Interpretation of observation Draw a tentative conclusion about

objects, organism, or events base on observation and prior knowledge

Observation Inference

Statements about information

Interpretation of observation

What sense did you use in making that observation?

What is your evidence?Why do you think so?

Inference

You will find a line drawing of fossil tracks found in a layer of sandstone in Colorado. Your task is to make observations and inferences for each part.

Prediction

Statements of future observation Make a forecast of a possible

outcome of an investigation based on known patters in data

Interpolation: between available data points p.39

Extrapolation: outside the collected data points p.40