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Characteristics of management :

1. Management is a group activity: - Management is an essential part of group

activity. As no individual can satisfy all his desires himself, he units with his fellow-

being and works in an organized group to achieve what he cannot achieve

individually.

2. Management is goal-oriented: - Management aims to achieve economic and

social objective. It exists to achieve some definite goals or objectives. Group efforts

in management are always directed toward the achievement of some pre-

determined goals.

3. Management is a factor of production: - Management is anuran end in itself but a

means to achieve the group objectives. Just as land, labor and capital are factor of 

production and are essential for the production of goods and services.

4. Management is universal in character: - Management is applicable in all types of 

organization. Whenever there is human activity, there is management. The basis

principle of management are universal application and can be applied in all

organization whenever they are business, social, religious, cultural, sport,

educational, politics or military.

5. Management is needed at all levels of the organization: - Another importantfeature of management is that it is needed at all levels of the organization, e.g. top

level, middle level and supervisory level. The only difference is of the nature of task

and the scope of authority.

6. Management is a distinct process: - Management is a distinct process performed

to determine and accomplish started objective by the use of human beings and

other resources. It is different from the activities technique and procedures.

7. Management is a social process: - Management is getting thing through others.

This involves dealing with people. The efforts of the human beings have to be

directed, co-ordinate and regulated by management in order to achieve the desired

results. 8. Management is a system of authority: - Since management is a process

of directing men to perform a task, authority to accomplish the work from others is

implied in the every concept of management. Management cannot perform in the

absence of authority.

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9. Management is a dynamic function: - Management is a dynamic function and it

has to be performed continuously. It is constantly engaged in the molding of the

enterprise in an over charging business environment.

10. Management is an art as well as a science: - Management is a science because

it has developed certain principle which is of universal application. But the result of 

management depend upon the personnel skills of managers and in this sense

management is an art.

11. Management is a profession: - In the present days, management is recognized

as a profession. It has a systematic and specialized body of knowledge .

I.  Management is an activity: Management is an activity which is concerned with the

efficient utilization of human and non-human resources of production.

II.  Invisible Force: Management is an invisible force. Its existence can be felt through the

enterprise or institution it is managing.

III.   A ccomplishment through the efforts of Others:Managers cannot do everything

themselves. They must have the necessary ability and skills to get work accomplished

through the efforts of others.

IV.  Multidisciplinary Knowledge: Though management is a distinct discipline, it

contains principles drawn from many social sciences like psychology, sociology etc.

 V.  Management is distinct from ownership: In modern times, there is a divorce of 

management from ownership. Today, big corporations are owned by a vast number of 

shareholders while their management is in the hands of paid qualified, competent and

experienced managerial personnel.

 VI.  Integrated process: Management is an integrated process. It integrates the men,

machine and material to carryout the operations of the enterprise efficiently and successfully.This integrating process is result oriented.