Chronic Villi Sampling (CVS)• 1st trimester• Chorionic villi

(fetal cells) scraped off & suctioned

• Cells and chromosomes examined

• Danger: 1% death rate

Amniocentesis

• 11th-18th week of pregnancy

• Amniotic fluid & shed fetal cells obtained

• Chromosomes can be studied

• Danger: 1 in 200 risk of miscarriage

Ultrasound• Visualizes the fetus• Like sonar: sounds waves

echo to produce an image• May help ID age, multiple

fetus’, complications• No risk

Essay #4• If there is a known genetic disorder in one or more

individuals in her or her husband’s family, should a pregnant woman be required to have prenatal testing done to determine whether her unborn child carries the disorder? Give reasons for your answer.

• Essay Format: – Ink or typed (no pencil)– Add title and date – Minimal length = ¾ page – If typed: 1” margins, 12-point times new roman font, double spaced.– Complete essays (Introduction, body, conclusion)– Spellcheck and proofread