cinematography - abasinema.ac.id file– tabel persepsi terhadap refleksi perception % reflectance...
TRANSCRIPT
Simple Word about Cinematography!
• Translate the storytelling into VISUAL (pictures)
• Award of best cinematography = BEST PICTURES
• Key Word: Camera & Lighting
• Cinematography has 2 aspect : Philosophy (storytelling) & Technique (engineer)
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Review about Cinematography!
• Film Space
• Visual Language
• Lens Language
• Camera Dynamics
• Cinematic Continuity
• Optic
• Exposure
• Color Theory
• Tools Of Lighting
• Lighting as a storytelling
• Controlling Color
• Video & High Definition
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OSCAR BEST PICTURES AWARDfor BESTCinematography!
• 2011 - "The Artist"
• 2010 - "The King's Speech"
• 2009 - "The Hurt Locker"
• 2008 - "Slumdog Millionaire"
• 2007 - "No Country for Old Men"
• 2006 - "The Departed"
• 2005 - "Crash"
• 2004 - "Million Dollar Baby"
• 2003 - "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King"
• 2002 - "Chicago“
• 2001 - "A Beautiful Mind"
• 2000 - "Gladiator"
• 1999 - "American Beauty"
• 1998 - "Shakespeare in Love"
• 1997 - "Titanic"
• 1996 - "The English Patient"
• 1995 - "Braveheart"
• 1994 - "Forrest Gump"
• 1993 - "Schindler’s List"
• 1992 - "Unforgiven"
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• Photography Technique– Basic Camera: Aperture, Shutter, Exposure, ISO, White Balance, etc
• Visual Art– Basic of Composition Visual Art: Rule of Third, Rule of Odd, Rule of Space, Simplicity etc
– Elements of Design & Design Principles
• Lighting Technique– Basic Lighting Setup (Key/Main Light, Fill Light, & Back/Rim Light)
– Light Pattern (Rembrandt, Loop, Butterfly, & Split)
– Quality of Light (Brightness, Contrast, Color, Specular /Hard Light, Diffuse/Soft Light, & Direction)
• Color Theory– Basic Color : Hue, Value (Tone), Chroma, Temperature
– Munsell System
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– APERTURE
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– SHUTTER
30, 15, 13, 10, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3.2, 2.5, 2, 1.6, 1.3, 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, 1/13, 1/15, 1/20, 1/ 25, 1/30, 1/40, 1/50, 1/60, 1/80, 1/100, 1/125, 1/160, 1/200, 1/250, 1/320, 1/400, 1/500, 1/640, 1/800, 1/1000, 1/1250, 1/1600, 1/2000 sec.
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– ISO/ASAISO 50 | 100 | 200 | 400 | 800 | 1600 | 3200 | dst
F: 2.0 – S: 15 – ISO: 50 F: 2.0 – S: 15 – ISO: 100
NOISE:
ISO : 50
ISO: 100
ISO: 200
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– EXPOSURE, kombinasi komponen yang mempengaruhi terhadap daya tangkap cahaya untuk
menghasilkan gambar yang sesuai tujuan
– dipengaruhi oleh:
• F/Stop
• ISO
• Reflectance
• Jarak
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– EXPOSURE – Tabel Persepsi terhadap Refleksi
Perception % Reflectance
white 100%
70%
50%
35%
25%
Middle gray 17.5%
12.5%
9%
6%
4.5%
Black 3.5%
Kurva Grafik Koreksi Exposure
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– EXPOSURE – Alat Ukur Exposure = Light Meter (Incident Meter + Spot Meter)
Incident Meter
Mengukur: Incident = cahaya langsung & Reflectance = cahaya yang memantul dari obyek
Spot Meter
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– EXPOSURE ZONE SYSTEM – ANSELL ADAM
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– EXPOSURE ZONE SYSTEM – ANSELL ADAM
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
– EXPOSURE ZONE SYSTEM – ANSELL ADAM
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD
• RULE OF ODD
• RULE OF SPACE
• SIMPLIFICATION
• GEOMETRY & SIMETRY
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD
DEAD CENTER RULE OF THIRD
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC Photography Technique
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF SPACE
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF SPACE
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• SIMPLIFICATION
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• SIMPLIFICATION
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• SPACE
Menciptakan space dengan Linear Perspective pada Film Spirited Away (HayaoMiyazaki, 2001)
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• LINE
Pada Film How To Train Your Dragon (Dreamworks, 2010) garis pantai horisontal menunjukkan suasana tenang dan damai.
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• COLOR
Warna warm (hangat/panas) pada gambarsalah satu adegan film Wrath of The Titans (Jonathan Liebesman, 2012).
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• SHAPE
Pada lorong pintu terdapat kombinasi shape sebagai bagian dari elemen desain, film The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (Peter Jackson, 2012).
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• TEXTURE
Permukaan tekstur pada kepala toothless, seekor naga pada film How To Train Your Dragon (Dreamworks, 2010), tekstur juga terlihat pada baju yang dikenakan oleh Hiccup.
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• FORM
Gotham City pada Film Batman (director: Christopher Nolan)
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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• VALUE/TONE
Dari gambar warna yang dibuat hitam putih, value/tone gelap dan terang dapat terlihatpada salah satu adegan film God Father (Francis Ford Coppola, 1972).
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC VISUAL ART
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• Unity
• Balance
• Visual Tension
• Rhythm
• Texture
• Proportion
• Contrast
• Directionality
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC LIGHTING TECHNIQUE
BASIC LIGHTING SETUP
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC LIGHTING TECHNIQUE
LIGHTING PATTERN
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Rembrandt Loop Butterfly Split
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• BASIC LIGHTING TECHNIQUE
QUALITY OF LIGHT
– Brightness – (gelap & terang)
– Contrast – (gelap VS terang)
– Color
– Specular (Hard Light)
– Diffuse (Soft Light)
– Direction
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Rasio Perbedaan Stop Keterangan
1:1 Tidak ada perbedaan Flat lighting
2:1 1 stop Fotogafi warna umum
3:1 1 ½ stop Fotografi B/W umum
4:1 2 stop Dramatic Lighting/ Low Key
8:1 3 stop Sangat dramatik/ low key
Contras Ratio:
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• Color Theory Munsell System olehAlbert Henry Munsell(mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi)
– Hue = spectrum warna
– Chroma = Intencity & Saturation
– Value = Tone (terang gelap warna)• Kecerahan disebut TINT
• Kegelapan disebut SHADE
– Color Tone dapat membuat Contrast diantaraelemen
• Temperature = Warm/CoolColor Theory for CinematographersPosted: March 5, 2009 at 10:36 pm, by Isaac
At this year’s San Antonio Film Academy, I gave two lectures on three Cs of cinematography, composition, contrast, and color. Color is often overlooked by beginning DPs, and it is an extremely powerful tool. I described color in cinematography as “the use of analogous or complimentary color tones to create contrasts between elements in the frame and communicate emotional ideas to the audience.”
http://www.outside-hollywood.com/2009/03/color-theory-for-cinematographers/
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom
Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique
• CAMERA MOVE– ZOOM
– TRACK
– TILT
– PAN
prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom